Three-dimensional effects induced by FRP-from-masonry delamination

In this study, delamination of a perfectly-adherent FRP reinforcement from a masonry pillar is investigated by means of a fully three-dimensional finite element model. It is shown that the width of the FRP reinforcement governs the propagation of damage through the brick bulk starting from the anchorage of the strip, and influences significantly the overall response in terms of peak strength, ductility and fracture energy. The resulting failure mechanisms are specified. A critical comparison with formulae provided by Italian design code is also provided, for which mechanically-based improvements are suggested, taking into account three-dimensional effects.     

Replication of polypyrrole with photonic structures from butterfly wings as biosensor

Polypyrrole (PPy) with photonic crystal structures were synthesized from Morpho butterfly wings using a two-step templating process. In the first step photonic crystal SiO₂ butterfly wings were synthesized from Morpho butterfly wings and in the second step the SiO₂ butterfly wings were used as templates for the replication of PPy butterfly wings using an in situ polymerization method. The SiO₂ templates were then removed from the PPy butterfly wings using a HF solution. The hierarchical structures down to the nanometer level, especially the photonic crystal structures, were retained in the final PPy replicas, as evidenced directly by field-emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The optical properties of the resultant PPy replicas were investigated using reflectance spectroscopy and the PPy replicas exhibit brilliant color due to Bragg diffraction through its ordered periodic structures. The preliminary biosensing application was investigated and it was found that the PPy replicas showed a much higher biological activity compared with PPy powders through their response to dopamine (DA), probably due to the hierarchical structures as well as controlled porosity inherited from Morpho butterfly wings. It is expected that our strategy will open up new avenues for the synthesis of functional polymers with photonic crystal structures, which may form applications as biosensors.     

Electrochemical drilling inclined holes using wedged electrodes

This paper presents electrochemical machining of inclined holes using wedge-shaped electrodes. Numerical simulation has been carried out to study the initial flow fields of the machining area with and without the wedged tip at different machining inclination angles. Experiments were conducted consequently to study the machining characteristics affected by each flow field distribution mentioned above. Theoretical and experimental analyses indicate that inclined hole machining using wedged electrodes distributes the electrolyte flow more uniformly and hence leads to a more stable machining process. Wedged electrodes could be used in electrochemical drilling to efficiently drill high-quality holes with large inclination angles.     

Vacuum-based preservation of surgical specimens: An environmentally-safe step towards a formalin-free hospital

Formalin as a fixative has no practical substitutes, but is toxic and potentially carcinogenic, so caution of its use in hospitals and elsewhere is mandatory. In our hospital, preservation of surgical specimens into formalin to be transferred to pathology labs was replaced by under-vacuum sealing (UVS) tissues into plastic bags and preservation at 4 °C until transfer. Data analysis showed UVS processing to be superior in terms of staff satisfaction and of gross anatomic preservation; no problems in terms of technical feasibility or histopathologic preservation were encountered. Formalin was confined to pathology labs while its use on hospital premises was vastly reduced.     

基于EPON技术的配、用电网通信系统建设的研究

从配用电网通信系统的现状、技术体系以及配用电网通信系统建设的关键技术和存在的问题等方面,阐述了配用电网通信系统建设的技术可行性,为未来配用电网通信系统的建设提供借鉴,满足智能化电网的发展要求。     

同步光分组交换网核心节点光分组长度分析

研究了同步光分组交换网中光分组长度的设计及其对一些网络性能参数的影响,分别推导了光分组中开销所占比率、时延及光纤延时线长度与光分组长度的关系,并给出各自相应的理论分析和数值解析,为光分组中分组长度的设计做了基础工作。     

回波功率筛选与数字地表分类数据辅助的低空风切变风速估计方法

针对非均匀杂波环境下,低空风切变风速估计不准的问题,该文提出一种回波功率筛选与数字地表分类数据(DLCD)辅助的低空风切变风速估计方法.该方法首先利用样本回波功率对训练样本进行初选,然后利用DLCD计算各样本间的相似度,并从功率较大的训练样本中选取样本相似度较高的训练样本估计待测距离单元的杂波协方差矩阵,最后利用广义相邻多波束(GMB)-局域联合处理(JDL)的方法实现低空风切变风速的有效估计.     

基于GIS智能打点的5G网络投诉“黑点”区域整治研究

基于百度等地图类API服务能力,结合微区域、微网格边界等地理信息系统(GIS)打点数据,以及干扰、容量、故障等网络O域数据,一方面前移至在线客服一线使用,提升5G网络投诉位置的定位精准性、缩短投诉打点时长;另一方面面向网络优化人员,系统自动汇聚5G网络投诉集中的“黑点”区域,形成分级预警整治能力,指导通过新建基站、网络优化等手段解决5G网络问题,提升5G客户满意度。     

基于高度有效驱动注意力与多层级特征融合的城市街景语义分割北大核心CSCD

针对DeepLabv3+网络在进行城市街景图像分割任务时,没有充分利用到网络中多层级特征信息,导致分割结果存在大目标有孔洞、边缘目标分割不够精细等不足;并且考虑到城市街景数据具有天然的空间位置特殊性,本文提出在DeepLabv3+网络的基础上引入高度有效驱动注意力机制(height-driven efficient attention model,HEAM)与多层级特征融合模块(multi-stage feature fusion model,MFFM),将HEAM嵌入特征提取网络与空洞空间金字塔池化(atrous spatial pyramid pooling,ASPP)结构中,使其对目标关注更多垂直方向上的空间位置信息;MFFM通过融合多层特征图,在网络中形成多条融合支路依次连接到网络解码端,采用逐次上采样提高解码时像素上的连续性。将改进的网络通过CamVid城市街景数据集验证测试,实验结果表明,该网络能有效改善DeepLabv3+的不足,并且合理运用了数据集的位置先验性,增强了分割效果,在CamVid测试集上平均交并比(mean intersection over union,MIoU)达到了68.2%。     

Biological tissue characterization by magnetic induction spectroscopy (MIS): requirements and limitations

Magnetic induction spectroscopy (MIS) aims at the contactless measurement of the passive electrical properties (PEP) sigma, epsilon, and mu of biological tissues via magnetic fields at multiple frequencies. Whereas previous publications focus on either the conductive or the magnetic aspect of inductive measurements, this article provides a synthesis of both concepts by discussing two different applications with the same measurement system: 1) monitoring of brain edema and 2) the estimation of hepatic iron stores in certain pathologies. We derived the equations to estimate the sensitivity of MIS as a function of the PEP of biological objects. The system requirements and possible systematic errors are analyzed for a MIS-channel using a planar gradiometer (PGRAD) as detector. We studied 4 important error sources: 1) moving conductors near the PGRAD; 2) thermal drifts of the PGRAD-parameters; 3) lateral displacements of the PGRAD; and 4) phase drifts in the receiver. All errors were compared with the desirable resolution. All errors affect the detected imaginary part (mainly related to sigma) of the measured complex field much less than the real part (mainly related to epsilon and mu). Hence, the presented technique renders possible the resolution of (patho-) physiological changes of the electrical conductivity when applying highly resolving hardware and elaborate signal processing. Changes of the magnetic permeability and permittivity in biological tissues are more complicated to deal with and may require chopping techniques, e.g., periodic movement of the object.