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61.
Research on early childhood socialization suggests that Hispanic parents differ from parents of other ethnic groups in their child rearing values and the interpersonal behavior they want their children to display at home and school. In this article, the influence of context and culture on child rearing is shown through a review of conceptual frameworks for understanding child socialization in both minority and nonminority families and research on infant–mother attachment and parental beliefs about young children's behavior. This review indicates that parent and child behaviors are a result of different socialization processes that encompass specific cultural values. Implications for professional practice are drawn for child assessment and psychotherapy, family therapy, and parenting skills programs conducted with Hispanics. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献
62.
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64.
Low temperature heat capacity measurements have been made on hot isostatically pressed Nb3Sn and arc cast, homogenized, and A15 transformation annealed V-23.3 at. pct Ga and V-18.1 at. pct Ga. The heat capacity measurements
display the superconducting transition temperature (T
c), and have been used to evaluate the effects of plastic deformation on theT
c range. Plastic deformation to the extent of 15 pct compression at 1525 and 1650 °C does not alter the superconducting transition
in polycrystalline Nb3Sn. Plastic deformation to the extent of 15 pct compression at 1050 and 1200 °C does not alter the superconducting transition
in polycrystalline V-23.3Ga, transformed to A15 structure with a fifty-hour 1150 °C anneal. The same statement can be made
for A15 V-18.1Ga, deformed at 1050 °C after a fifty-hour, 1150 °C anneal. With onlyfive hours annealing at 1150 °C, A15 V-23.2Ga displays a lowering and broadening of theT
c range upon 1050 and 1200 °C plastic deformation. With onlyfive hours annealing at 1150 °C, A15 V-18.1Ga displays a broad, but increasedT
c range after plastic deformation at 1050 °C. 相似文献
66.
Javier Lara-Romero Rafael Maya-Yescas José Luis Rico-Cerda José Luis Rivera-Rojas Fernando Chiñas Castillo Matey Kaltchev 《Thin solid films》2006,496(2):463-468
The thermal decomposition of model extreme-pressure lubricant additives on clean iron was studied in ultrahigh vacuum conditions using molecular beam strategies. Methylene chloride and chloroform react to deposit a solid film consisting of FeCl2 and carbon, and evolve only hydrogen into the gas phase. No gas-phase products and less carbon on the surface are detected in the case of carbon tetrachloride. Dimethyl and diethyl disulfide react on clean iron to deposit a saturated sulfur plus carbon layer at low temperatures (∼600 K) and an iron sulfide film onto a Fe + C underlayer at higher temperatures (∼950 K). Methane is the only gas-phase product when dimethyl disulfide reacts with iron. Ethylene and hydrogen are detected when diethyl disulfide is used. 相似文献
67.
Toshiaki Nishihata Mayumi Ishizaka Sigeharu Yokohama Alice C. Martino Roger E. Gordon 《Drug development and industrial pharmacy》1993,19(20):2679-2698
The effects of particle size and food on the absolute bioavailability of U-78875 in dogs after oral administration of either a suspension or tablet dosage form were investigated. A reduction of particle size caused a significant increase in bioavailability along with an increase in dissolution rate. Additionally, both suspension and tablet dosage forms administered after food caused an increase in bioavailability. Thus, to accelerate drug dissolution, a reduction of U-78875 particle size from the unmilled state is important for the optimization of formulation compositions. To increase the bioavailability of U-78875, postprandial dosing should be considered. 相似文献
68.
C sar Ovalles Carlos Vallejos Tito Vasquez Iraima Rojas Ursula Ehrman Jose Luis Benitez Ronald Martinez 《Petroleum Science and Technology》2003,21(1):255-274
An extra-heavy crude oil underground upgrading process is described which involves the downhole addition of a hydrogen donor additive under steam injection conditions (280-315°C and residence times of at least 24-h). Laboratory experiments showed a 4° increase in the API gravity (from 9 to 12°) of the upgraded product, a two-fold reduction in the viscosity and, an approximately 8% decrease in the asphaltene content with respect to the original crude. Further increases on the temperature led to products with improved properties reaching 15°API at 315°C. It was found that the presence of the natural formation (catalysts) and methane (natural gas) is necessary to enhance the properties of the upgraded crude oil. From GC and GC-MS results a reaction pathway is proposed that involves hydrogen transfers from tetralin to the extra-heavy crude oil resulting in the formation of 1,2-dihydronaphthalene. This compound is then transformed into naphthalene, further upgrading of crude oil through hydrogen donation. The results of the experiments carried out in the presence and absence of the mineral formation and with an inert solid (SiC) strongly indicate that the former acts as a catalyst and not as a heat transfer matrix. Isotopic labeling studies (CD4 and 13CH4) give evidences that, most probably, methane is involved in the upgrading reactions. 相似文献
69.
José Luis García-Lapresta 《Information Sciences》2006,176(4):352-365
In this paper we have introduced a class of decision rules related to simple majority, by considering individual intensities of preference. These intensities will be shown by means of linguistic labels. In order to compare the amount of opinion obtained by each alternative, we have considered the total ordered monoid generated by the sums of the original labels, according to an addition and an ordering. In this general framework different sets of linguistic labels can be employed and these sets can be represented by means of diverse mathematical objects. Moreover, on these mathematical representations of linguistic labels several orderings can be considered. Thus, flexibility is an important feature of this new class of group decision making procedures. Some examples of putting in practice the simple majority decision rules based on linguistic labels are provided, and the main properties of these voting systems are analyzed. It is worth emphasizing that these properties are satisfied for any total ordered monoid, regardless of the mathematical representation of linguistic labels or the ordering used to compare collective opinions. 相似文献
70.
Reda Karoum Antonio de Lucas-Consuegra Fernando Dorado Jose Luis Valverde Alain Billard Philippe Vernoux 《Journal of Applied Electrochemistry》2008,38(8):1083-1088
The electrochemical promotion of catalysis (EPOC) of propene combustion was investigated using Pt sputtered thin film on an
O2− conductor, 8 mol% Y2O3-stabilized-ZrO2 (YSZ). In order to separate the influence of the thermal migration of the O2− oxide ions from the electrolyte to the catalyst surface and the impact of an electrical polarization on the catalytic activity,
several light-off experiments (cool down and heat up procedures) were successively performed under different polarizations,
i.e. OCV, +2 and −2 V. These experiments have clearly shown that the presence of O2− (thermally or electrochemically induced) inhibits the catalytic activity of the platinum for the propene deep oxidation.
These results demonstrate the importance to define a normalized rate enhancement ratio, ρ
n
, from a reference value of the catalytic rate corresponding to a Pt surface state free of O2− ions. 相似文献