SEDIMENTATION, SEA-LEVEL RISE AND TECTONICS AT THE TRIASSIC-JURASSIC BOUNDARY (STATFJORD FORMATION), TAMPEN SPUR, NORTHERN NORTH SEA

Statfiord Formation reservoir rocks (Rhaetian-Sinemurian) of the Tampen Spur area, Northern North Sea consist of coarse- and fine-grained units in alternation, in a succession up to 300-m thick in places. The formation is interpreted in terms of coastal fans and fan deltas on a low-energy coastline. Four broad facies associations are distinguished: subaerial fan and distal fan (partly subaqueous) deposits make up the coarse-grained units, while the fine-grained units consist of lagoon-bay and floodbasin-bay sediments. The deposits interpreted as subaerial fan-plain and braided-stream channels are dominantly cross-stratified and plane-bedded, coarse-grained sandstones and fine-conglomerates. The distal fan deposits, mainly massive or bioturbated finel/medium-grained sandstones tend to occur at the base or top of the coarse units. The deposits interpreted in terms of a lagoon-bay setting consist of wave-rippled, flaser/lenticular bedded siltstone and fine-grained sandstone in a “background”of dark grey mudstone with occasional coal beds. This association is thought to have originated largely in front of the fans. The floodbasin-bay association, consisting mainly of red-and green-coloured, massive and bioturbated mudstone and silty sandstone is believed to have accumulated in ephemeral floodbasin lakes or in the inner regions of coastal embayments, between fans. In addition to the main associations, there are also marine reworked sandstones at the top of the formation in some areas. Sedimentation time trends within the coarse-grained units reflect fan shifting and progradation. On the formation scale, the coarse units become coarser and more laterally-continuous upward, whereas the fine units become dominated by the lagoon-bay facies at younger stratigraphic levels. It is argued that the former was a response mainly to tectonics, while eustatic sea level rise accounts for the increase in marine deposits through time. The marine sandstone at the top of the formation suggests a transition from a low energy, protected shoreline to a higher energy, more open one; a change that is related to basin enlargement and increased rate of relative sea level rise at the Statfjord-Dunlin Formation transition.     

Therapist errors in treating eating disorders: Relationship and process.

Discusses therapists' relationship and process errors in treating eating disorders (e.g., anorexia nervosa and bulimia), including setting unrealistic expectations, depending on the patient, focusing too much on behavior, ignoring the importance of emotional expression, and taking too much control. Practical alternatives to these errors are discussed within the context of therapeutic interaction and issues related to the development of eating disorders. It is noted that such errors contribute to patient resistance, treatment ineffectiveness, and premature treatment termination. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

高性能通讯系统中的DAC

MAX5888是Maxim针对通信系统和对动态特性要求苛刻的仪器仪表等应用设计的16位数/模转换器(DAC),能够在低功耗基础上提供优异的动态特性:在50MHz输出频率和400Msps刷新速率时,MAX5888的SFDR超过67dBc;输出频率80MHz时SNR为-155dB/Hz,2-音调IMD为-72dBc。这些特性是在3.3V单电源,功耗仅为235mW时得到的。数字信号通过LVDs接口传输,LVDs接口标准所允许的数据传输速率远远超出了500Msps,而且差分方式能够在数字接口处降低系统噪声,这对于宽带系统尤其重要,完全支持多载波UMTS、CDMA和GSM系统。     

Isolation and partial structure determination of a clonidine-displacing substance from bovine lung and brain

A large scale extraction and isolation method was developed for the purification of clonidine-displacing substance (CDS) activity from bovine lung or brain. This optimised method used direct freeze drying of tissue, hexane removal of lipids, and methanol extraction of CDS activity. Using a bioassay directed isolation strategy a new CDS compound was purified from an extract of bovine lung. The isolation strategy involved subsequent steps of flash C-18 chromatography, ion exchange, size exclusion, and C-18 HPLC. An HPLC detection method was developed and applied to show that the new CDS is present in both lung and brain tissue. Spectroscopic data for this new CDS indicates that it is related to guanosine, but is not noradrenaline, adrenaline, histamine, agmatine, guanosine, GMP, GDP or GTP.     

New electronic and magnetic properties of monolayers of thiols on gold

New electronic and magnetic properties are induced by the adsorption of close-packed monolayers of thiols on gold. In layers made from chiral molecules, unexpectedly large electronic dichroism is observed, which manifests itself as spin-specific electron transmission. For many thiolated molecules self-assembled on gold, a surprisingly large ferromagnetism is observed. All the observations can be rationalized by assuming orbital ferromagnetism of the organic thin layer. This is a new type of magnetism, induced by the formation of a closed packed layer of organic molecules on metal. The adsorption results in charge transfer between the substrate and the adsorbed layer, which is the origin of this magnetism.     

Effects of Model-Based and Memory-Based Processing on Speed and Accuracy of Grammar String Generation.

Learners are able to use 2 different types of knowledge to perform a skill. One type is a conscious mental model, and the other is based on memories of instances. The authors conducted 3 experiments that manipulated training conditions designed to affect the availability of 1 or both types of knowledge about an artificial grammar. Participants were tested for both speed and accuracy of their ability to generate letter sequences. Results indicate that model-based training leads to slow accurate responding. Memory-based training leads to fast, less accurate responding and highest achievement when perfect accuracy was not required. Evidence supports participants' preference for using the memory-based mode when exposed to both types of training. Finally, the accuracy contributed by model-based training declined over a retention interval. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Salivary gland tumors after childhood radiation treatment for benign conditions of the head and neck: dose-response relationships

In this study the mechanisms were investigated whereby ACE-inhibitors improve pulmonary diffusion for carbon monoxide (DLco) in chronic heart failure. The two subcomponents of DLco are the alveolar-capillary membrane conductance (DM) and the capillary blood volume (VC). Stress failure of the membrane in chronic heart failure provides a mechanism for reduction of DM and, as a consequence, impairment of DLco. In 27 patients with chronic heart failure in NYHA functional class II to III and in 13 age- and sex-matched normal subjects, we evaluated the pulmonary function and determined DM and VC, according to the classic Roughton and Forster method, while they were given placebo, at 48 hours and 8 weeks after starting enalapril treatment (10 mg bid). ACE-inhibition had no effect in controls at both short- and mid-term. In chronic heart failure patients, a reduction in VC (likely consequence of a decrease in capillary pulmonary pressure) was the only change observed at 48 hours. At 8 weeks, DM was greatly increased even when the effective alveolar volume (VA) was accounted for (DM/VA), resulting in a significant improvement in DLco, despite a decrease in VC. The slow onset DM improvement makes it likely that the modulatory effect of ACE-inhibition on the membrane function emerges gradually, suggesting that it is likely dissociated from changes in pulmonary capillary pressure and VC. Thus, derangements of the alveolar-capillary membrane in chronic heart failure increase gas diffusion resistance; ACE-inhibition restores the diffusive properties of the membrane and gas transfer, and protects the lung when the heart is failing.