基于正余弦优化多阈值图像分割

将进化计算(EC A)与阈值准则相结合,利用能量曲线参数执行多级阈值分割.进化计算的正余弦算法(SCA)应用于图像分割中的多阈值分割问题,对所提出的方法进行了质量方面的深入评估,并且使用统计分析方法进行比较.进行了数值实验和分析.     

污水处理用改性纤维素的制备、表征及其絮凝、吸附与杀菌性能研究

从甲基纤维素(MC)出发,以戊二醛作为交联剂化学交联甲基纤维素和氨基硫脲,制得了氨基硫脲接枝的纤维素衍生物(MC-g-TSC).通过FT-IR、1 HNMR、E-SEM、EDS和TGA对产物进行了表征,并对产物的吸附、絮凝和杀菌性能进行了探究.结果表明,成功制备的MC-g-TSC最佳接枝率为63.4％,产物对Cr6+的吸附效果显著,符合准二级吸附动力学模型,具有一定的可再生和循环使用的应用前景.产物对朱家桥污水处理厂污水絮凝性能良好,浊度去除率可高达95.5％,最低残余浊度约为5.2 NTU,已经接近国家饮用水水源水质标准(3 NTU).产物对大肠杆菌(E)和金黄色葡萄球菌(S)有明显的抑制作用,MC-g-TSC用量为60 mg/mL时,4 h时对大肠杆菌的最高杀菌率为99.7％,5 h时对金黄色葡萄球菌的最高杀菌率为97％.     

毫米波线性调频连续波测距方法研究

针对毫米波雷达系统的小型化需求,文章设计了一种雷达测距系统,应用锯齿波线性调频信号测距原理.采用该系统测量不同材质被测物的距离,验证系统的测距性能.实验表明:金属体以及玻璃杯对毫米波的反射特性较好,可以捕获回波信号;毫米波无法捕获塑料物的回波信号,导致无法测得塑料物体的距离.金属物距离分辨率达到0.045 m.     

固态锂电池研究及产业化进展

相比于传统液态锂离子电池,固态锂电池(SSLB)用固态电解质代替有机电解液,安全性和能量密度均大大提升,可以有效降低电动汽车安全隐患和缓解用户续航里程焦虑.固态电解质作为电子绝缘体和离子导体是SSLB核心要素之一,同时其存在离子电导率低、界面阻抗大和界面稳定性差等问题.通过研究近期相关文献,对硫化物固态电解质、氧化物固态电解质、聚合物固态电解质以及复合固态电解质锂电池的离子导电机理、研究进展、存在的主要问题及解决方案进行了综述和讨论.对于提高离子电导率,重点介绍了调整固态电解质组分的方法.对于改善界面问题,主要介绍了界面设计和制成工艺方法改善思路.综合分析表明,通过掺杂和包覆改性固态电解质、探索先进界面研究和诊断技术并指导设计具有优良锂离子传输能力的界面、创新和优化工艺能有效地提升固态电解质综合性能.最后列举了国内外重点企业的固态锂电池产业化进程,对固态锂电池未来应用前景进行了分析和展望.     

Characterization of wet microalgal cells pretreated with steam for lipid extraction

Steam pretreatment was employed to disrupt microalgal cells for lipids extraction.Effects of steam pre-treatment on microstructure of microalgal cells were investigated through scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM).Effect of treatment on lipid extraction was also stud-ied.Microalgal cell walls were distorted after steam pretreatment due to the hydrolysis of organic macro-molecules contained in cell wall.Maximum curvature was increased from 1.88 × 10-6 m-1 to 1.43 × 10-7 m-1 after treatment with the steam at 130 ℃.The fractal dimension of microalgal cells increased from 1.25 to 1.30 after pretreatment for 15 min,and further increased to 1.47 when the pre-treatment time was increased to 60 min.Increased steam pretreatment temperature and time enhanced the hydrolysis of organic macromolecules,and finally destroyed microalgal cell walls at pretreatment temperature of 130 ℃ and pretreatment time of 60 min.Lipid extracted from wet microalgal was signif-icantly increased (2.1-fold) after pretreatment.     

The dynamic evolution of aggregated lithium dendrites in lithium metal batteries

Lithium (Li) metal anodes promise an ultrahigh theoretical energy density and low redox potential,thus being the critical energy material for next-generation batteries.Unfortunately,the formation of Li den-drites in Li metal anodes remarkably hinders the practical applications of Li metal anodes.Herein,the dynamic evolution of discrete Li dendrites and aggregated Li dendrites with increasing current densities is visualized by in-situ optical microscopy in conjunction with ex-situ scanning electron microscopy.As revealed by the phase field simulations,the formation of aggregated Li dendrites under high current den-sity is attributed to the locally concentrated electric field rather than the depletion of Li ions.More specif-ically,the locally concentrated electric field stems from the spatial inhomogeneity on the Li metal surface and will be further enhanced with increasing current densities.Adjusting the above two factors with the help of the constructed phase field model is able to regulate the electrodeposited morphology from aggregated Li dendrites to discrete Li dendrites,and ultimately columnar Li morphology.The methodol-ogy and mechanistic understanding established herein give a significant step toward the practical appli-cations of Li metal anodes.     

大型复杂结构件抛丸改进方案

为解决某大型焊接结构件抛丸时工件上面大量堆积钢丸并可能导致安全事故的问题,从改变工件吊挂状态和在工件上增加漏丸工艺孔两方面入手,令工件可安全地在已有抛丸线上进行自动除锈.     

Preparation and mechanical characteristics of fine-woven cloth and punctured felt preform Cf/C-SiC-ZrC composite

A 3D architecture carbon fiber preform, specifically fine-woven cloth and punctured felt preform, is used to manufacture a novel advanced C_f/C-SiC-ZrC composite. The composite matrix is produced by chemical vapor infiltration (CVI) plus precursor infiltration and pyrolysis (PIP) process and finalized by using a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) of SiC coating to make the final density of the material reach 1.95 g/cm³. The organic precursors of SiC and ZrC have a weight ratio of 4:1 in a xylene solute. The composite mechanical properties, such as tensile, compression, bending, shear, and Z-direction load bearing, are introduced under analysis to find possible applications for the composite. What is more, scanning electron microscope (SEM) images are employed to illustrate the failure behavior of the ceramic composite. The results showed that the punctured filament tows will be beneficial, not only for the composite to withstand compression force up to 308.6 MPa and shear strength to 18.14 MPa but also for the alternatively stacked weave piles and short fiber layers to support the punctured bundles, as well as to hold the composite structure under mechanical forces from different orientations, which is believed to reinforce the ceramic matrix for some high pressure and severe ablation applications.     

Revit在计算水泥厂矩形堆场中料堆体积的应用

水泥厂中矩形堆场主要用来存储水泥生产所需原、燃料及部分辅料,并且在储存的过程中对物料进行预均化,从而降低成分波动对熟料品质的影响。矩形堆场内,堆料机沿着料堆长度方向往复布料,使成分随着时间随机变化的物料,均匀的分布在料堆上。取料机在料堆一侧的轨道上往复运动,逐层取料,使物料再次得到均化。     

Effect of Heat Treatment on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Extruded PM Ti–6Al–4V Alloy With Deformation Flowlines

Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A - Two heat treatments, namely 955°C/2h/AC (AC = air cooling) and 955°C/4h/FC (FC = furnace cooling), were carried out on...