The huge information storage capability of DNA and its ability to self‐assemble can be harnessed to enable massively parallel computing in a small space. DNA‐based logic gates are designed that rely on DNA strand displacement reactions; however, computation is slow due to time‐consuming DNA reassembly processes and prone to failure as DNA is susceptible to degradation by nucleases and under certain solution conditions. Here, it is shown that the presence of a cationic copolymer boosts the speed of DNA logic gate operations that involve multiple and parallel strand displacement reactions. Two kinds of DNA molecular operations, one based on a translator gate and one on a seesaw gate, are successfully enhanced by the copolymer without tuning of computing conditions or DNA sequences. The copolymer markedly reduces operation times from hours to minutes. Moreover, the copolymer enhances nuclease resistance. 相似文献
The cover image, a 3D stationary salami structure of a green/red/black ternary polymer blend and the separated red and green continuous structure, is by QUI TRAN‐CONG‐MIYATA, based on the Editorial In Focus section: Polymer Research at KIT, Japan, DOI: 10.1002/pi.5248 .
This report describes the results and operating status of ground lifetime testing and achievements on orbit of coolers for space use. Ground lifetime tests of coolers of three types were conducted to demonstrate their long life and reliability. Three single-stage Stirling coolers were tested for 89,016, 71,871 and 68,273 h from 1998, a two-stage Stirling cooler was tested for 72,906 h, and a 4-K class cooler with a two-stage Stirling cooler and a Joule–Thomson cooler was tested for over 2.5 years. After lifetime tests were completed, a few coolers were investigated to determine the cause of the cooling performance degradation. Additionally, the filled gas of the coolers was analyzed. These coolers have shown good results on orbit. Three single-stage Stirling coolers were carried on the X-ray astronomical satellite “SUZAKU” (launched in July 2005), Japanese lunar polar orbiter “KAGUYA” (launched in September 2007), and the Japanese Venus Climate Orbiter “AKATSUKI” (launched in June 2010). Two units of a two-stage Stirling cooler were carried on the infrared astronomical satellite “AKARI” launched in February 2006. A 4-K class cooler was carried on the Superconducting Submillimeter-Wave Limb-Emission Sounder (SMILES) aboard the Japanese Experiment Module (JEM) of the International Space Station (ISS). SMILES was launched in September 2009. 相似文献
Nanoparticles of N,N'-bis(n-alkyl)tetracarbonatenaphthalenediimide (NDI) were adsorbed on single-walled carbon nanotube (SWNT) wires dispersed on a SiO(2) substrate. The electrical properties were measured along the long axis of the SWNTs, and in all cases through the nanoparticles showed rectification in semiconducting I-V curve. The plateau width of the I-V curve through the NDI nanoparticles on metallic SWNTs decreased as the particle size increased, while the rectification ratio increased. The conduction mechanism was changed from tunneling conduction to Schottky-like conduction and their boundary is at about 3 nm diameter. 相似文献
A novel technique of spectroscopic imaging using a near-infrared (NIR) laser sheet beam was developed for visualization of liquid water in a proton-exchange membrane (PEM) sandwiched between two opaque electrodes set in a polymer electrolyte fuel cell (PEFC). In-plane two-dimensional distribution of water in the thin membrane was clearly visualized during the fuel cell operation. Under the condition of fuel feeding into the PEFC without humidification, water was generated by the fuel cell reaction in the whole electrode area. In contrast, under the condition of fuel feeding with humidification, the PEM got wet in the vicinity of a gas flow field locally. 相似文献
In view of practical importance of the drift flux model for two-phase flow analysis in general, and in the analysis of nuclear reactor transients and accidents in particular, the distribution parameter, and the drift velocity have been studied for two-phase flow in a vertical large diameter pipe. In this, study, local measurements were performed on flow parameters, such as void fraction, gas velocity and, liquid velocity in a vertical upward air–water two-phase flow in a pipe of 200 mm inner diameter and, 25 m in height by using the local sensor techniques such as hot-film probes, optical multi-sensor, probes and differential pressure gauges. Two-phase flow regimes in a vertical large diameter pipe, were classified into bubbly, churn and slug flows according to the visual observation. The values of the, distribution parameter and the mean drift velocity were determined directly by their definition using experiment data of the local flow parameters in a two-phase flow in a large diameter pipe. Various existing drift flux correlations were compared with the present experimental results and experimental data obtained by other researchers. A detailed discussion on the problems of these correlations was presented in this paper. 相似文献
Tuna muscle consists of light and dark muscle in approximately equal proportions. However, besides for the light muscle of tuna, cod, sardine, and salmon, few researches have assessed the health‐promoting functions of fish protein. Therefore, we evaluated the mechanisms underlying the alteration of lipid storage and cholesterol metabolism following the intake of tuna dark muscle protein (TDMP) by obese type‐2 diabetic/obese mice. Four‐week‐old male KK‐Ay mice were separated into 2 dietary groups, with one group receiving a casein‐based diet and the other receiving a diet with the substitution of part of the protein (50%, w/w) by TDMP (TDMP diet) for 4 wk. The TDMP diet significantly increased the content of serum high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol, partly due to the reduction of the expression of scavenger receptor class B member 1 in epididymal white adipose tissue. In addition, dietary TDMP decreased the content of hepatic triacylglycerol, which could be due to the enhancement of carnitine palmitoyltransferase‐2 activity through the activation of the expression of the peroxisome proliferative activated receptor‐α in the liver. These results suggest that TDMP could have the potential to prevent the development of obesity‐related diseases by suppressing the storage of hepatic triacylglycerol and cholesterol. 相似文献