沉降及外部荷载作用下益阳管廊防护效果分析

地下管廊常因填土沉降和外部荷载等原因造成管廊结构崩溃、接口错位、脱节、管身裂缝、破损等结构损伤。针对填土沉降和外部荷载作用下管廊出现的问题,结合益阳管廊项目,利用FLAC3D有限差分方法模拟土工布对填土沉降的防护以及土工格栅的构造因素对外部荷载作用下的管廊防护进行研究,模拟结果表明:益阳管廊底部铺设土工布可以有效控制填土沉降;管廊上部铺设3层,宽度为12 m的土工格栅有效减轻、分散外部荷载对管廊的作用力。     

Variability of light absorption properties in optically complex inland waters of Lake Chaohu,China

Absorption coefficients of phytoplankton, colored detrital matter (CDM), non-algal particles (NAP), colored dissolved organic matter (CDOM), and their relative contributions to total non-water absorption (a_t ? w) are essential variables for bio-optical and radiative transfer models. Light absorption properties showed large range and variability sampled at 194 stations throughout Lake Chaohu between May 2013 and April 2015. The a_t ? w was dominated by phytoplankton absorption (a_ph) and NAP absorption (a_d). The contribution of CDOM absorption to a_t ? w was lower than 30%. Phytoplankton and NAP were the primary sources of spatial and vertical variability in absorption properties. Light absorption by CDOM, though significant in magnitude, was relatively constant. CDM absorption (a_dg) was dominated by NAP. The spatial variation of the absorption coefficients from each of the optically active constituents were driven by several main inflow rivers in the western and middle part of Lake Chaohu. Algal blooms and bottom resuspension contributed to vertical variability as observed by phytoplankton and NAP profiles. Specific absorption of phytoplankton had significant spatial and seasonal variations without vertical variation. The spectral slope of absorption showed no significant spatial variability (p > 0.05). Variations of absorption affected different ranges of remote sensing reflectance (R_rs) spectrum, thereby increasing the difficulty of applying the remote sensing algorithm in optically complex waters. Parameters and relationships presented in this study provide useful information for bio-optical models and remote sensing of lakes similar to Lake Chaohu in terms of optical properties.     

花状ZnO的水热合成与表征

以金属锌为原料,引入偶联表面活性剂作为晶体生长控制剂,在温和的水热条件(150℃)下一步合成了花状纳米结构的ZnO.使用XRD,TEM,SEM,SAED等测试手段,对产物的化学组成和形貌特征进行了分析和表征.结果表明,花状ZnO纳米结构由ZnO纳米棒组成,该ZnO纳米棒为六方晶系且表现为单晶性质.ZnO纳米棒纯度高、粒径较小、长直、光滑而且大多一端聚集而另一端向四周放射性分布,呈较完美的花状结构.初步探讨了ZnO单晶纳米棒和花状ZnO纳米结构的形成机理.分析表明,ZnO纳米棒及其花状结构的形成与偶联表面括性剂特殊的性质及分子结构有关.     

Quantum immune clonal coevolutionary algorithm for dynamic multiobjective optimization

The existing algorithms to solve dynamic multiobjective optimization (DMO) problems generally have difficulties in non-uniformity, local optimality and non-convergence. Based on artificial immune system, quantum evolutionary computing and the strategy of co-evolution, a quantum immune clonal coevolutionary algorithm (QICCA) is proposed to solve DMO problems. The algorithm adopts entire cloning and evolves the theory of quantum to design a quantum updating operation, which improves the searching ability of the algorithm. Moreover, coevolutionary strategy is incorporated in global operation and coevolutionary competitive operation and coevolutionary cooperative operation are designed to improve the uniformity, the diversity and the convergence performance of the solutions. The results on test problems and performance metrics compared with ICADMO and DBM suggest that QICCA has obvious effectiveness and advantages which shows great capability of evolving convergent, diverse and uniformly distributed Pareto fronts.     

基于情感计算的商品评论分析系统

针对电子商务中的商品评论信息过载问题,运用情感计算理论,通过挖掘商品评论信息中的商品特征及相应的情感褒贬态度,为消费者提供一个商品特征粒度上的情感分析结果,从而帮助消费者从庞杂的商品评论中快速获取有效信息。系统首先采集指定商品的评论集并挖掘商品特征,然后结合情感语料库和词汇相似度计算,利用依存关系找到特征-极性词对以及程度副词和否定词。基于以上结果,考虑程度副词的强度,以及程度副词和否定词共现语序不同造成的语义差异,提出了商品评论情感倾向程度的计算方式。最后,进行系统实现并验证算法的有效性。实验结果表明,系统具有良好的应用效果。     

PREPARATION OF ETHYLENE GLYCOL ACETATE THROUGH CATALYTIC OXIDATION OF ETHYLENE——ONE-STEP PROCESS WITH SIMULTANEOUS INTRODUCTION OF OXYGEN AND ETHYLENE INTO A Pd-Cu CATALYTIC SOLUTION

Ethylene glycol acetate can be prepared from ethylene by employing PdCl_2-CuCl_2-Cu(OAc)_2 in anacetic acid solution,usually involves two steps-acetoxylation and the regeneration of catalyst.In thispaper,a one-step process has been studied with oxygen and ethylene introduced simultaneously in a singlereactor.It was observed that there must be enough partial pressure of oxygen to oxidize Cu~+ to Cu~(2+)by keeping oxygen content at 8-10% in the raw binary gas mixture of oxygen and ethylene,whereby theactivity of the catalytic system could be maintained without formaton of CuCl residue.By using nitrogen as a diluent,the ratio of O_2/C_2H_2 could be kept in the non-explosive range.Itis claimed that 95% of the converted ethylene from the feed gas exists as ethylene glycol monoacetateand diacetate.     

基于作战实验的工程装备保障评估方法研究

为满足工程装备保障评估的要求和实现工程装备保障更为细致的仿真分析,提出了利用作战实验理论对工程装备保障评估方法研究的建设构想.在描述工程装备保障评估分析一般过程的基础上,从工程装备实体、保障要求等角度出发构建工程装备保障评估分析仿真模型,实现了对象间的交互作用、关系和消息传递,反映了“保障”作战任务、实体、功能、交互、活动等内在逻辑.用面向服务的高层体系结构（HLA）方法为工程装备保障评估分析仿真系统提供集成方法,为进一步仿真系统的论证、设计、开发提供了坚实基础.     

基于概率支持向量回归的产品设计时间预测模型

为使产品设计时间预测既克服小样本、异方差噪声问题,又提供除预测值以外的其他有用信息,建立概率支持向量回归(PSVR)模型。首先,在异方差回归模型基础上设计概率约束条件,以使预测值以较大概率位于真实值的某邻域,结合具有参数不敏感损失函数的支持向量回归确定优化目标,提出PSVR。然后,将最大完工时间知识嵌入进PSVR的约束条件,用以确定真实值邻域的宽度,将交叉验证与遗传算法相结合以确定PSVR的相关参数。最后,以注塑模具设计的实例进行分析,结果表明基于PSVR的时间预测方法可同时提供有效的预测值和预测区间。     

无磷条件下膜生物反应器处理化工废水

在进水不含磷条件下,对膜生物反应器(MBR)系统的运行情况进行了研究。结果表明:微生物充分利用体内储存的聚磷酸盐及死亡细胞和碎片中的磷进行生长,因此混合液悬浮固体(MLSS)仍能增加,最后稳定在8.5 g/L;化学需氧量(COD)处理效果一直较好;氨氮和总氮去除率可达90％及70％;系统经历了丝状菌膨胀和非丝状菌膨胀两个阶段。在缺磷的情况下,MBR系统的处理结果并未受到很大影响。     

防止氟化铝母液脱硅工艺中铝、氟消耗方法研究

在氟化铝母液中添加氯化铝等可溶性铝盐,可有效地阻止钠,氟,铝间冰晶石固体物质的形成,从而达到防止氟化铝脱硅工艺中铝,氟的损耗,确保氟硅酸钠的产品质量,同时提高母液利用的经济效益。