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991.
Jinkeun Oh W. C. Lee Sung Gyu Pyo Woojin Park Sunghak Lee Nack J. Kim 《Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A》2002,33(12):3649-3659
This study is concerned with the microstructural analysis of multilayered or bulk Ti aluminide sheets fabricated by the self-propagating
high-temperature synthesis (SHS) reaction using hot rolling and heat treatment. Multilayered Ti/Al sheets were prepared by
stacking thin Ti and Al sheets alternately, and a good Ti/Al interfacial bonding was achieved after rolling at 500 °C. When
these sheets were held at 1000 °C, spheroidal TiAl3 phases were formed by the SHS reaction at Ti/Al interfaces and inside Al layers. Microstructural analysis on the hot-rolled,
multilayered Ti/TiAl3 sheets revealed that intermetallic phases such as TiAl2, TiAl, and Ti3Al were formed at Ti/TiAl3 interfaces due to interaction between Ti and TiAl3 and that pores formed in the TiAl3 layer were significantly reduced during hot rolling. When multilayered Ti/Ti aluminide sheets were heat treated at 1000 °C,
Ti3Al, TiAl, and TiAl2 were grown as Ti and TiAl3 were consumed. As the heat treatment proceeded, TiAl grew further, eventually leading to the fabrication of multilayered
sheets composed of Ti3Al and TiAl. Bulk Ti aluminide sheets, having a lamellar structure of Ti3Al and TiAl, instead of multilayered sheets, were also fabricated successfully by heat treatment at 1400 °C. This fabrication
method of the bulk sheets had several advantages over the method by hot forging or rolling of conventional cast Ti aluminides.
From these findings, an idea to fabricate multilayered or bulk Ti aluminide sheets by hot rolling and heat treatment is suggested
as an economical and continuous fabrication method, and the formation and growth mechanisms of interfacial phases are elucidated
in this study. 相似文献
992.
Organic vapor analysis with microsensor arrays relies principally on two output parameters: the response pattern, which provides qualitative information, and the response sensitivity, which determines the limit of detection (LOD). The latter is used to define the operating limit in the low-concentration range, under the implicit assumption that, if a vapor can be detected, it can be identified and differentiated from other vapors on the basis of its response pattern. In this study, the performance of an array of four polymer-coated surface acoustic wave vapor sensors was explored using calibrated response data from 16 solvent vapors in Monte Carlo simulations coupled with pattern recognition analysis. The statistical modeling revealed that the ability to recognize a vapor from its response pattern decreases with decreasing vapor concentration, as expected, but also that the concentration at which errors in vapor recognition become excessive is well above the calculated LOD in most cases, despite the LOD being based on the least sensitive sensor in the array. These results suggest the adoption of a limit of recognition (LOR), defined as the concentration below which a vapor can no longer be reliably recognized from its response pattern, as an additional criterion for evaluating the performance of multisensor arrays. A generalized method for estimating the LOR is presented, as well as a means for improving the LOR via residual error analysis. 相似文献
993.
BA McCracken MB Judkins LJ Krysl DW Holcombe KK Park 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1993,71(7):1932-1939
Two experiments were conducted to study the effects of methionine supplementation on ruminal fermentation and digesta kinetics. In Exp. 1, nine ruminally cannulated beef heifers (average initial BW = 527 kg) in a crossover design were fed low-quality grass hay and cottonseed meal with or without 11.4 g of supplemental methionine (polysaccharide-coated). Particulate and fluid kinetics, rate of DM and NDF disappearance, ruminal VFA and NH3 N concentrations, and pH were not altered (P > .10) by supplemental methionine; however, ruminal purine concentration was greater (P < .05) in methionine-supplemented heifers than in unsupplemented heifers. In Exp. 2, 12 ruminally cannulated Holstein steers (average initial BW = 622 kg) grazing a fescue pasture were allotted to one of three groups: no supplemental methionine (CON) or 11.4 g of supplemental methionine fed at 0700 (AM) or at 1200 (PM). Forage intake, particulate kinetics, ruminal fluid kinetics, pH, VFA, and NH3 N concentrations were not altered (P > .10) by supplemental methionine or supplementation time. In situ rate of DM and NDF disappearance was greater (P < .05) in supplemented steers than in CON steers; AM steers exhibited faster (P < .05) rates than PM steers. Overall, methionine supplementation of low-quality forage increased ruminal purine concentration but did not alter in situ fermentation or digesta passage, whereas supplementation at 0700, but not at 1200, of steers grazing fescue forage increased rate of NDF fermentation. 相似文献
994.
Tai Sik Lee Dong Wook Lee Hyeeun Lee Hee Sun Park 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》2005,21(4):159-163
The Leader–Member Exchange (LMX) relationship quality between superiors and subordinates in Korean civil engineering companies were empirically examined for superiors’ feedback-seeking behaviors. The results showed that for superiors, affect, loyalty, and contribution toward subordinates were positively related to seeking negative as well as positive feedback from subordinates. From subordinates’ point of view, affect, contribution, and professional respect toward their superiors were positively related to superiors’ negative feedback seeking, but affect was negatively related to superiors’ positive feedback seeking. It was also found that superiors and subordinates were not consensual in LMX and superiors’ feedback-seeking behaviors. For example, for superiors, all of the four LMX dimensions were positively related to superiors’ asking subordinates directly for feedback, whereas for subordinates, none of the LMX dimensions were significantly related to superiors’ asking subordinates directly for feedback. These and other findings are discussed in detail, and implications for the findings are provided. 相似文献
995.
996.
997.
998.
One popular strategy to reduce the enormous number of illnesses and deaths from a seasonal influenza pandemic is to obtain the influenza vaccine on time. Usually, vaccine production preparation must be done at least six months in advance, and accurate long-term influenza forecasting is essential for this. Although diverse machine learning models have been proposed for influenza forecasting, they focus on short-term forecasting, and their performance is too dependent on input variables. For a country’s long-term influenza forecasting, typical surveillance data are known to be more effective than diverse external data on the Internet. We propose a two-stage data selection scheme for worldwide surveillance data to construct a long-term forecasting model for influenza in the target country. In the first stage, using a simple forecasting model based on the country’s surveillance data, we measured the change in performance by adding surveillance data from other countries, shifted by up to 52 weeks. In the second stage, for each set of surveillance data sorted by accuracy, we incrementally added data as input if the data have a positive effect on the performance of the forecasting model in the first stage. Using the selected surveillance data, we trained a new long-term forecasting model for influenza and perform influenza forecasting for the target country. We conducted extensive experiments using six machine learning models for the three target countries to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method. We report some of the results. 相似文献
999.
Linear precoding methods such as zero-forcing (ZF) are near optimal for downlink massive multi-user multiple input multiple output (MIMO) systems due to their asymptotic channel property. However, as the number of users increases, the computational complexity of obtaining the inverse matrix of the gram matrix increases. For solving the computational complexity problem, this paper proposes an improved Jacobi (JC)-based precoder to improve error performance of the conventional JC in the downlink massive MIMO systems. The conventional JC was studied for solving the high computational complexity of the ZF algorithm and was able to achieve parallel implementation. However, the conventional JC has poor error performance when the number of users increases, which means that the diagonal dominance component of the gram matrix is reduced. In this paper, the preconditioning method is proposed to improve the error performance. Before executing the JC, the condition number of the linear equation and spectrum radius of the iteration matrix are reduced by multiplying the preconditioning matrix of the linear equation. To further reduce the condition number of the linear equation, this paper proposes a polynomial expansion precondition matrix that supplements diagonal components. The results show that the proposed method provides better performance than other iterative methods and has similar performance to the ZF. 相似文献
1000.
Sunhye Yang Kamrun Nahar Fatema Ick-Jun Kim Jihyeon Ryu Sang Eun Shim Won-Chun Oh 《Advanced Powder Technology》2021,32(4):1116-1126
This paper reports the synthesis of various molar concentrations of manganese (Mn)-doped Ultra-High Surface area Activated Carbon (USAC) additives and their efficient use as cathode materials for supercapacitors. We synthesized the nanoparticles via a novel and facile dip-coating process and characterized them in detail by various analytical techniques. The SEM, EDAX, and XPS results showed that the Mn ions were successfully substituted on the USAC additives’ layered structure without any structural changes. The long cyclic stability of the as-prepared Mn-doped USAC additives was tested as a cathode material for supercapacitors at different current densities. The detailed experimental results showed that the Mn dopant content crucially determines the electrochemical performances of the USAC additives. Electrochemical measurements showed that the MnCEP-S600HTT with 0.10 mol% molar concentration of Mn dopant gives the best cycling performances. It delivers a discharge capacity of 262.9 mAh g?1 after 100 cycles. Further increasing the current density to 1000 mA g?1 allowed it to still maintain 253.6 mAh g?1 after 200 cycles. We confirmed that the structure of Mn-doped USAC additives is an important pole to improve the structural stability and electrochemical properties. 相似文献