Autosomal dominant hypertension and brachydactyly in a Turkish kindred resembles essential hypertension

1. The aim of this study was to investigate, by use of spectral analysis, (1) the blood pressure (BP) variability changes in the conscious rat during blockade of nitric oxide (NO) synthesis by the L-arginine analogue NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME); (2) the involvement of the renin-angiotensin system in these modifications, by use of the angiotensin II AT1-receptor antagonist losartan. 2. Blockade of NO synthesis was achieved by infusion for 1 h of a low-dose (10 micrograms kg-1 min-1, i.v., n = 10) and high-dose (100 micrograms kg-1 min-1, i.v., n = 10) of L-NAME. The same treatment was applied in two further groups (2 x n = 10) after a bolus dose of losartan (10 mg kg-1, i.v.). 3. Thirty minutes after the start of the infusion of low-dose L-NAME, systolic BP (SBP) increased (+10 +/- 3 mmHg, P < 0.01), with the effect being more pronounced 5 min after the end of L-NAME administration (+20 +/- 4 mmHg, P < 0.001). With high-dose L-NAME, SBP increased immediately (5 min: +8 +/- 2 mmHg, P < 0.05) and reached a maximum after 40 min (+53 +/- 4 mmHg, P < 0.001); a bradycardia was observed (60 min: -44 +/- 13 beats min-1, P < 0.01). 4. Low-dose L-NAME increased the low-frequency component (LF: 0.02-0.2 Hz) of SBP variability (50 min: 6.7 +/- 1.7 mmHg2 vs 3.4 +/- 0.5 mmHg2, P < 0.05), whereas the high dose of L-NAME not only increased the LF component (40 min: 11.7 +/- 2 mmHg2 vs 2.7 +/- 0.5 mmHg2, P < 0.001) but also decreased the mind frequency (MF: 0.2-0.6 Hz) component (60 min: 1.14 +/- 0.3 mmHg2 vs 1.7 +/- 0.1 mmHg2, P < 0.05) of SBP. 5. Losartan did not modify BP levels but had a tachycardic effect (+45 beats min-1). Moreover, losartan increased MF oscillations of SBP (4.26 +/- 0.49 mmHg2 vs 2.43 +/- 0.25 mmHg2, P < 0.001), prevented the BP rise provoked by the low-dose of L-NAME and delayed the BP rise provoked by the high-dose of L-NAME. Losartan also prevented the amplification of the LF oscillations of SBP induced by L-NAME; the decrease of the MF oscillations of SBP induced by L-NAME was reinforced after losartan. 6. We conclude that the renin-angiotensin system is involved in the increase in variability of SBP in the LF range which resulted from the withdrawal of the vasodilating influence of NO. We propose that NO may counterbalance LF oscillations provoked by the activity of the renin-angiotensin system.     

Die Direktreduktion von Feineisenerzen in Druckwirbelschichtreaktoren: Experimentelle Untersuchungen und morphologische Betrachtung zur Übertragung auf industrielle Prozesse

In industrial plants it was observed that the operating conditions in the prereduction stage have a significant effect on the final reduction degree. A laboratory scale, pressurized fluidized bed reactor was developed according to the concept of chemical similarity to perform experiments similar to industrial operating conditions. With this set-up, temperatures up to 900°C and operating pressures up to 10⁵ Pa absolute can be realized. Numerous experiments with H₂-rich reduction gas according to the FINMET^®-process and CO-rich reduction gas according to the FINEX^®-process were carried out. Temperature, residence time and gas composition were varied. The samples were analyzed and morphologically evaluated. The influence of the operating conditions in the prereduction stage on the final reduction degree was reproduced, studied and confirmed by morphological investigations.     

Reliability Analysis and Updating of Excavation-Induced Ground Settlement for Building Serviceability Assessment

In this paper, the excavation-induced settlement determined by the KJHH model, a recently developed semiempirical model, is used to assess the serviceability reliability of adjacent buildings. The calculated settlement, considered as the load in the context of reliability analyses in this paper, is compared with a tolerable settlement, considered as the resistance herein. The reliability of the adjacent building against “damage” (defined herein as the violation of serviceability requirements such as having intolerable settlement) is first analyzed and the probability of exceedance (i.e., exceeding the tolerable settlement) is calculated. Furthermore, as the excavation proceeds, observed settlement at the current excavation stage is used to update the prediction of settlement at subsequent stages, and the probability of exceedance is updated accordingly.     

具有色散补偿功能的Raman光纤光放大器(英文)

光纤损耗和色度色散是限制高速光纤系统传输容量的两个主要因素。损耗导致光在光纤中的衰减,传输一定距离后需要放大;而色度色散引起脉冲展宽,长距离传输需要色散补偿或采用其它色散管理手段。利用色散补偿光纤既可以进行色散补偿,又能作为喇曼光放大器增益介质使用的特点,分别测量了光纤的色散特性和喇曼增益特性,设计了通过色散补偿光纤同时进行色散补偿和喇曼光放大的系统方案,实验结果表明50公里单模光纤的色散和损耗(约10dB)可以通过采用5.6公里色散补偿光纤、具有12dB增益的Raman光放大器完全补偿。     

A 3.5 ns/77 K and 6.2 ns/300 K 64 K CMOS RAM with ECL interfaces

A 64 K CMOS RAM with emitter-coupled logic (ECL) interfaces having access times of 6.2 ns at room temperature and with a CMOS process specifically optimized for low-temperature operation, 3.5 ns at liquid nitrogen (LN) temperature, is presented. The CMOS processes feature a 0.5 μm L_eff, self-aligned TiSi₂ double-level metal, and an average minimum feature size of 1.35 μm. Circuits keyed to high-speed operation are described with emphasis on low power and safe operation. Unique aspects of LN-temperature operation including circuit-device interactions, the impact of velocity saturation effects on channel length, temperature and power supply sensitivities, and the characteristics of the ECL-to-CMOS receiver circuits are discussed     

Durch Umwelt und Genotyp bedingte Variabilität des Rohprotein- und Rohfettgehaltes in Rapssamen

Variability of Crude Protein and Crude Fat Content of Rape-seed Influenced by Environment and Genotype A great number of genotypes of rape from different locations and several years had been investigated. There appeared a genotypic variability of crude protein and crude fat content in seed as well as of the amount of both. All characteristics were clearly more influenced by environment than by genotype. The phenotypic correlation of crude protein and crude fat is negative for the whole material. The coefficients of winterrape were between r = -0.722 and r = -0.853 and of summerrape between r = -0.610 and r = -0.945. Heritability values of winter-rape calculated by means of components of variance were 0.26 for crude protein, 0.29 for crude fat and 0.20 for the amount of both. Resulting from the above mentioned investigations a selection for high amounts of crude protein and crude fat and a contemporary regard to genotypic differences of the single components seems to be of great promise.     

Cognitive accident-avoidance training for beginning drivers.

Used programmed instruction/testing to teach safety techniques to 192 high school students in driver education. The independent variable was training feedback/testing, which had 4 levels: (a) no test and no feedback; (b) test with an IBM answer format, but no item feedback; (c) test with a punchboard answer format and immediate individual item feedback; and (d) double testing with punchboard answer format and training feedback. Pressey punchboards provided the programmed testing training. This device registers a response and indicates the correctness of the choice immediately. If initially wrong, an S continued working until that item was correct. Separate ANOVAs were done for (a) number of driving accidents, and (b) moving violations year by year in the 3 yrs following training. For the 1st yr only, the punchboard-twice drivers had one-fourth the accidents of the no-test control drivers. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)