Conjugated polythiophene/Ni doped ZnO hetero bilayer nanocomposite thin films: Its structural,optical and photoluminescence properties

In this study, synthesis and characterization of plasma polymerized Thiophene/ Nickel doped Zinc Oxide (PTNZO) bilayer nanocomposite films were carried out. Nickel doped zinc oxide (NZO) thin films were obtained by magnetron sputtering technique on glass substrates at 40 W Radio Frequency (RF) power. Plasma polymerized Thiophene (PT) thin films were deposited on the NZO thin films obtained on the glass substrate by Radio Frequency (RF) plasma polymerisation technique. X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), FTIR and Photoluminescence (PL) analyzes were performed for the characterization of PTNZO hetero bilayer nanocomposite films. In the XRD spectra of PTNZO bilayer nanocomposite thin films, (002) planes were determined as the most basic peak, and it was determined that the intensity of this peak, changed depending on the RF power of polymer thin films. Optical properties of nanocomposite thin films such as transmittance, absorbance and optical band gap were determined by UV–Vis spectroscopy. Optical band gap for PTNZO nanocomposites were 2.72?eV, 2.34?eV, and 2.45?eV, respectively, with increasing RF power. For NZO thin films, this value is 3.12?eV. The optical band gaps calculated from the absorption and transmittance spectra obtained using UV–visible spectroscopy had a good compatibility with those of the optical band spectra calculated from the PL spectra. The tetragonal wurtzite structure of the NZO thin films was examined by SEM analysis. The grain size of NZO nanostructure was found to be approximately 59?nm.     

Structural Analysis of Pyrolysis Products From Pyrolysis of Hazelnut (Corylus Avellana L.) Bagasse

Fixed-bed pyrolysis biooils of hazelnut (Corylus Avellana L.) bagasse have been identified for their structures. The condensed biooils were analyzed for their properties as fuels and compared with petroleum-derived products. The biooil was analyzed by Fourier Transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and ¹H-NMR spectra. The biooils were fractionated into pentane solubles and insolubles. Pentane solubles were then solvent fractionated into pentane, toluene and methanol subfractions by fractionated column chromatograpy. The aliphatic subfractions of the biooils were then analyzed by capillary column gas-liquid chromatography (GC). In addition, the physical properties, higher heating value and elemental analysis of the biooil were determined. The empirical formula of biooil that has a heating value of 34.57 MJ/kg was established as CH_1.45O_0.33N_0.127. Chromatographic and spectroscopic studies on the biooil showed that the oil obtained from hazelnut bagasse could be used as a renewable fuel and chemical feedstock.     

Micro‐ and nanoscale structures of mesiodens dentin: Combined study of FTIR and SAXS/WAXS techniques

A mesiodens is the most common type of supernumerary tooth present in conjunction to normal dentition. A mesiodens may commonly occur in the central region of the upper or lower jaw. A mesiodens is different from normal teeth in terms of structure and shape. The aim of this study is to evaluate the micro‐ and nanoscale structural properties of mesiodens dentin by combined small‐ and wide‐angle X‐ray scattering (SAXS/WAXS) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Five freshly extracted, noncarious mesiodens and five normal dentin disks prepared from human incisor teeth were compared. Using FTIR, the phosphate‐to‐amide I, carbonate‐to‐phosphate, and carbonate‐to‐amide I band area ratios and the crystallinity index were quantified. SAXS/WAXS were used to study the nanostructure of mesiodens. An increase in the mineral content in the mesiodens dentin with respect to the normal group was found. Crystallinity was also significantly increased and the protein content decreased in the mesiodens dentin compared with that of normal dentin. SAXS/WAXS results revealed that mesiodens dentin has a more calcified tissue. Further, SAXS analysis revealed a nonuniform distribution of dentin fibrils in mesiodens. Microsc. Res. Tech., 78:52–58, 2015. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

An integrated interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy AHP-TOPSIS methodology to determine the safest route for cash in transit operations: a real case in Istanbul

Neural Computing and Applications - The Cash in Transit (CIT) deals with the money distribution and picking up between depot(s), central bank, bank branches, Automated Teller Machines (ATMs),...     

Exploring factors affecting consumers' adoption of wearable devices to track health data

Universal Access in the Information Society - Mobile health is a rapidly emerging topic due to technological advances, especially in mobile computing and communication technologies. Increased...