The direct determination of the vacancy concentration andP-T phase diagram of Hg0.8Cd0.2Te and Hg0.6Cd0.4Te by dynamic mass-loss measurements

A modified mass-loss measurement technique is employed, for the direct,in- situ determination of the metal vacancy formation in (Hg_1x2212;itxCd _x )_1−y Te _y (s) withx = 0.2 and 0.4. Forx = 0.2, the metal vacancy concentrations are determined between 336 and 660° C for three different compositions(y) within the homogeneity region and range from 2.4 to6.8 x 10¹⁹cm₋₃. The enthalpy of formation of a singly-ionized metal vacancy is derived to be between 0.17 and 0.45 eV depending upon the deviation from stoichiometry (compositiony). Forx= 0.4, three samples of different y-values give the metal vacancy concentrations from 1.9 to 5.5 x 10¹⁹cm⁻³ between 316 and 649° C, and the enthalpy of vacancy formation between 0.25 and 0.40 eV. Compared to the recent data on HgTe(s), these experimental results show a slight but significant decrease in the enthalpy of vacancy formation from HgTe to Hg_0.8Cd_0.2Te, which supports theoretical predictions of the bond weakening effect of Cd for the latter alloy system. Based on the simultaneously determined equilibrium Hg partial pressures within the homogeneity range, the vacancy concentration-partial pressure isotherms are constructed. The Hg partial pressures are also measured along the three-phase boundaries of the solid solutions of bothx = 0.2 and 0.4, and these are in close agreement with published data obtained by optical absorption measurements.     

离轴三反空间相机与卫星平台的优化连接方式

对于与卫星平台卧式安装的长焦距离轴三反空间相机,由于地面与在轨状态环境条件不同引起平台接口与相机产生温度差,导致相机视轴漂移影响成像质量。为解决此问题,提出了将柔性连接座、刚性连接座和可解锁连接座配合应用的优化连接方式,实现了相机与平台在轨状态3点静定柔性连接,并在运载阶段利用可解锁连接座提高相机基频。利用有限元方法对优化连接方式进行验证,平台接口温度降低15℃引起次镜角度变化为9.62(安装位置跨距1.2 m),满足光学设计要求;同时运载阶段相机在X、Y、Z三方向频率响应基频分别为120 Hz、120 Hz、110 Hz,与全刚性连接情况相比无明显降低。利用试验工装模拟平台进行温度变化替代试验,平台在温度提高15 ℃情况下,试验结果与仿真结果相符,且次镜转角实测值与仿真结果最大误差为9%。试验结果说明优化连接方式解决了卫星平台与相机在轨状态温度差引起的视轴漂移的问题,提高了相机的在轨环境适应性。     

光纤光栅在金属锈蚀传感中的应用

介绍了一种基于光纤布拉格光栅(FBG)应变敏感特性的金属锈蚀传感器。该器件由光纤光栅、有预应力的钢弹簧和一些机械部件组合而成。组合后的弹簧处于压缩状态。在弹簧弹力的作用下,光纤光栅的峰值波长增长了3.2 nm。对该器件进行了加速腐蚀实验:将其放入盐酸环境中,逐日监测光纤光栅峰值波长的变化,发现峰值波长逐渐缩短,说明弹簧的弹性系数随着弹簧的锈蚀而逐渐减小。到弹簧锈蚀断裂,整个锈蚀过程持续了1315 h,平均锈蚀速率约5μm/d。实验表明了该传感器在实际应用中的可能性。同时讨论了光纤光栅的温度效应及其他影响其实用性的因素。     

Transparent,Anisotropic Biofilm with Aligned Bacterial Cellulose Nanofibers

Cellulose nanofibrils are attractive as building blocks for advanced photonic, optoelectronic, microfluidic, and bio‐based devices ranging from transistors and solar cells to fluidic and biocompatible injectable devices. For the first time, an ultrastrong and ultratough cellulose film, which is composed of densely packed bacterial cellulose (BC) nanofibrils with hierarchical fibril alignments, is successfully demonstrated. The molecular level alignment stems from the intrinsic parallel orientation of crystalline cellulose molecules produced by Acetobacter xylinum. These aligned long‐chain cellulose molecules form subfibrils with a diameter of 2–4 nm, which are further aligned to form nanofibril bundles. The BC film yields a record‐high tensile strength (≈1.0 GPa) and toughness (≈25 MJ m^?3). Being ultrastrong and ultratough, yet the BC film is also highly flexible and can be folded into desirable shapes. The BC film exhibits a controllable manner of alignment and is highly transparent with modulated optical properties, paving the way to enabling new functionalities in mechanical, electrical, fluidic, photonics, and biocompatible applications.     

指纹识别预处理方法

文章结合指纹的方向特性,提出了一套可行的指纹识别预处理算法,并对前景/背景提 取部分的算法进行了改进。通过算法仿真验证,其处理结果比较理想。     

光纤数字环路载波系统的发展

ＯＤＬＣ是当今用户接入网的新型设备，它一方面可取代端局，解决通信线路紧张和远距离大容量放号问题，另一方面也可满足日益增多的增值业务的需求。本文ＯＤＬＣ技术的基本原理，结合目前国内外常见ＯＤＬＣ系统，总结和对比了其基本特点，优势，并指明ＯＤＬＣ的技术发展方向和中国应用的前景。     

电磁问题中几种减少计算时间的方法和比较性研究

在电磁理论问题的求解中，往往会遇到大系统问题，如何减少大系统问题的计算时间是一个具有共性的重要课题，本文对求解大系统问题的几秒方法进行了介绍和比较性研究，其中包括矩量法，网络分解法，矩阵分块法和空域分解法，文章在简述了这些方法的原理之后，给出了用上述方法以及用普通的矩量法计算同一问题的计算时间和储存量，并且比较了各种方法的特点。     

Determination of the liquidus lines and isotherms of the Hg-Zn-Te system by a modified direct observation method

The modified direct observation method is employed for the determination of the liquidus lines in the (Hg_{1_x}Zn_x)_{1_y}Te_y, ternary system. The liquidus temperatures of the ternary samples of various compositions withx from 0.05 to 0.30 andy from 0.5 to 0.9 are measured. The temperature-composition phase diagrams and some liquidus isotherms are established for this system.     

超高强度马氏体时效钢的研究与应用

介绍马氏体时效钢的种类,分析其强韧化机理,论述了典型的18Ni马氏体时效钢和无钴马氏体时效钢的化学成分和力学特性。系统阐述了循环相变热处理、形变热处理及等径弯曲通道变形(ECAP)这3种目前常用的细晶强化方法,并提出了马氏体时效钢的发展趋势及进一步深入研究强韧性和细晶强化的途径。