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11.
Moussa Sofiane Karoui Yannick Deville Shahram Hosseini Abdelaziz Ouamri 《Pattern recognition》2012,45(12):4263-4278
Remote sensing has become an unavoidable tool for better managing our environment, generally by realizing maps of land cover using classification techniques. Traditional classification techniques assign only one class (e.g., water, soil, grass) to each pixel of remote sensing images. However, the area covered by one pixel contains more than one surface component and results in the mixture of these surface components. In such situations, classical classification is not acceptable for many major applications, such as environmental monitoring, agriculture, mineral exploration and mining, etc. Most methods proposed for treating this problem have been developed for hyperspectral images. On the contrary, there are very few automatic techniques suited to multispectral images. In this paper, we propose new unsupervised spatial methods (called 2D-Corr-NLS and 2D-Corr-NMF) in order to unmix each pixel of a multispectral image for better recognizing the surface components constituting the observed scene. These methods are related to the blind source separation (BSS) problem, and are based on sparse component analysis (SCA), clustering and non-negativity constraints. Our approach consists in first identifying the mixing matrix involved in this BSS problem, by using the first stage of a spatial correlation-based SCA method with very limited source sparsity constraints, combined with clustering. Non-negative least squares (NLS) or non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) methods are then used to extract spatial sources. An important advantage of our proposed methods is their applicability to the possibly globally underdetermined, but locally (over)determined BSS model in multispectral remote sensing images. Experiments based on realistic synthetic mixtures and real multispectral images collected by the Landsat ETM+ and the Formosat-2 sensors are performed to evaluate the performance of the proposed approach. We also show that our methods significantly outperform the sequential maximum angle convex cone (SMACC) method. 相似文献
12.
Erkan Yuce Shahram Minaei Oguzhan Cicekoglu 《Electrical Engineering (Archiv fur Elektrotechnik)》2006,88(6):519-525
In this paper, new floating immittance function simulators employing second-generation current controlled conveyors are proposed.
The first four of the presented circuits employ only a single grounded capacitor as passive component and can realize either
a negative or a positive floating inductor or capacitor. The last two of the proposed circuits do not employ passive components
and can realize either negative or positive floating resistances. All of the proposed circuits do not require passive element
matching. As an application, a third-order butterworth filter is realized using the proposed positive floating inductance
simulator. SPICE simulation results and large signal behavior of the filter are included. 相似文献
13.
Xiaoning Qi Gyure A. Yansheng Luo Lo S.C. Shahram M. Singhal K. 《Electron Device Letters, IEEE》2006,27(8):696-698
The on-chip inductive impact on signal integrity has been a problem for designs in deep-submicrometer technologies. The inductive impact increases the clock skew, max timing, and noise of bus signals. In this letter, circuit simulations using silicon-validated macromodels show that there is a significant inductive impact on the signal max timing (/spl sim/ 10% pushout versus RC delay) and noise (/spl sim/2/spl times/RC noise). In nanometer technologies, process variations have become a concern. Results show that device and interconnect process variations add /spl sim/ 3% to the RLC max-timing impact. However, their impact on the RLC signal noise is not appreciable. Finally, inductive impact in 65- and 45-nm technologies is investigated, which indicates that the inductance impact will not diminish as technology scales. 相似文献
14.
Shahram Sharafat Nasr M. Ghoniem Michael Anderson Brian Williams Jake Blanchard Lance Snead The HAPL Team 《Journal of Nuclear Materials》2005,347(3):217-243
The high average power laser program is developing an inertial fusion energy demonstration power reactor with a solid first wall chamber. The first wall (FW) will be subject to high energy density radiation and high doses of high energy helium implantation. Tungsten has been identified as the candidate material for a FW armor. The fundamental concern is long term thermo-mechanical survivability of the armor against the effects of high temperature pulsed operation and exfoliation due to the retention of implanted helium. Even if a solid tungsten armor coating would survive the high temperature cyclic operation with minimal failure, the high helium implantation and retention would result in unacceptable material loss rates. Micro-engineered materials, such as castellated structures, plasma sprayed nano-porous coatings and refractory foams are suggested as a first wall armor material to address these fundamental concerns. A micro-engineered FW armor would have to be designed with specific geometric features that tolerate high cyclic heating loads and recycle most of the implanted helium without any significant failure. Micro-engineered materials are briefly reviewed. In particular, plasma-sprayed nano-porous tungsten and tungsten foams are assessed for their potential to accommodate inertial fusion specific loads. Tests show that nano-porous plasma spray coatings can be manufactured with high permeability to helium gas, while retaining relatively high thermal conductivities. Tungsten foams where shown to be able to overcome thermo-mechanical loads by cell rotation and deformation. Helium implantation tests have shown, that pulsed implantation and heating releases significant levels of implanted helium. Helium implantation and release from tungsten was modeled using an expanded kinetic rate theory, to include the effects of pulsed implantations and thermal cycles. Although, significant challenges remain micro-engineered materials are shown to constitute potential candidate FW armor materials. 相似文献
15.
We propose a family of regular Cayley network graphs of degree three based on permutation groups for design of massively parallel systems. These graphs are shown to be based on the shuffle exchange operations, to have logarithmic diameter in the number of vertices, and to be maximally fault tolerant. We investigate different algebraic properties of these networks (including fault tolerance) and propose a simple routing algorithm. These graphs are shown to be able to efficiently simulate or embed other permutation group based graphs; thus they seem to be very attractive for VLSI implementation and for applications requiring bounded number of I/O ports as well as to run existing applications for other permutation group based network architectures. 相似文献
16.
Shahram Izadi Mike Fraser Steve Benford Martin Flintham Chris Greenhalgh Tom Rodden Holger Schnädelbach 《Personal and Ubiquitous Computing》2002,6(4):290-298
The Citywide project is exploring ways in which technology can provide people with rich and engaging digital experiences
as they move through physical space, including historical experiences, performances and games. This paper describes some initial
results and experiences with this project based upon two prototype demonstrators. In the first, we describe an application
in which a search party explores an archaeological site, uncovering enacted scenes within the virtual world that are of a
historical relevance to their particular physical location. In the second, we describe a museum experience where participants
explore an outdoors location, hunting for buried virtual artifacts that they then bring back to a museum for a more detailed
study. Our demonstrators employ a varied set of devices, including mobile wireless interfaces for locating hotspots of virtual
activity when outdoors, to give different experiences of the virtual world depending upon location, task, available equipment
and accuracy of tracking. We conclude by discussing some of the potential advantages of using an underlying shared virtual
world to support interactive experiences across extended physical settings. 相似文献
17.
Ali Zangeneh Shahram Jadid Ashkan Rahimi-Kian 《Electrical Engineering (Archiv fur Elektrotechnik)》2010,91(7):369-382
Decision making under uncertainty is a difficult task in most areas. The distributed generation expansion planning is certainly
one of the problems where it is difficult to find an optimal solution for, due to the existence of various uncertain parameters
that affect the optimal solution. This paper presents a distributed generation planning strategy based on the multi-objective
decision making (MODM) approach under uncertainties. The proposed strategy achieves a Pareto set of locations, sizes, and
typical types, for new DG installations in a case-study power network (as the result of a multi-objective optimization). The
technical constraints of DG units are also considered in the MODM process. The effects of the uncertain parameters on choosing
the best plan(s) are considered using robustness, flexibility, and risk exposure attributes. This aim is performed based on
a composite index which is weighted sum of the three mentioned attributes. This paper considers four categories of uncertain
parameters including the peak loading factor, electricity market price, and investment and operating costs for the DG long-term
planning. 相似文献
18.
The effect of niobium addition on the microstructure of cast AISI H13 hot work tool steel was evaluated by using EDX analyzer attached to the scanning electron microscope. The volume percent of eutectic area and eutectic cell size and also volume percent of different carbides of new steel, which is heat treated under different conditions, are also determined. The results show that the a niobium addition modifies the cast structure of Nb-alloyed hot work tool steel, and reduces the size and volume of eutectic cells, and increases the maximum hardness of the steel. 相似文献
19.
In this paper, a new voltage-mode (VM) first-order phase shifter (all-pass filter) employing only four NMOS transistors and
minimum number of passive elements (i.e. one resistor and one capacitor) is proposed. The proposed VM phase shifter has high
input impedance and does not require passive element matching constraints. Moreover, since only two NMOS transistors are stacked
between positive and negative supply voltages, the proposed circuit is suitable for low-voltage operation. Electronic tunability
can be provided easily by replacing the employed resistor with an NMOS transistor operating in triode region. Simulation results
based on 0.18 μm TSMC CMOS parameters with ±0.9 V supply voltages are given to demonstrate the performance of the proposed
phase shifter. 相似文献
20.
Application of the dry‐spinning method to produce poly(ε‐caprolactone) fibers containing bovine serum albumin laden gelatin nanoparticles 下载免费PDF全文
Bahareh Azimi Parviz Nourpanah Mohammad Rabiee Shahram Arbab Maria Grazia Cascone Andrea Baldassare Luigi Lazzeri 《应用聚合物科学杂志》2016,133(48)
We designed and manufactured a polymeric system with combined hydrophilic–hydrophobic properties by loading gelatin nanoparticles (GNPs) containing bovine serum albumin (BSA) into poly(ε‐caprolactone) (PCL) fibers. Our ultimate goal was to create a device capable of carrying and releasing protein drugs. Such a system could find several biomedical applications, such as those in controlled release systems, surgical sutures, and bioactive scaffolds for tissue engineering. A two‐step desolvation method was used to produce GNPs, whereas PCL fibers were produced by a dry‐spinning method. The morphological, mechanical, and thermal properties of the produced system were investigated, and the distribution of nanoparticles both inside and on the surface of the fibers was examined. The effect of the particles on the biodegradability of the fibers was also evaluated. In vitro preliminary tests were performed to study the release of BSA from nanoparticle‐laden fibers and to compare this with its release from free nanoparticles. Our results indicate that the distribution of particles inside the fibers was quite homogeneous and only a few of them were present on the surface. The presence of the particles in the fibers did not affect the thermal properties of the PCL polymer matrix, although it created voids that affected the degradation characteristics so the PCL fibers favored faster erosion compared to the plain fibers. Preliminary results indicate that the release from GNP‐laden fibers occurred much more slowly compared to that in the free GNPs. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016 , 133, 44233. 相似文献