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51.
In traditional networks special efforts are put to secure the perimeter with firewalls: particular routers that analyze and filter the traffic to separate zones with different levels of trust. In wireless multi-hop networks the perimeter is a concept extremely hard to identify, thus, it is much more effective to enforce control on the nodes that will route more traffic. But traffic filtering and traffic analysis are costly activities for the limited resources of mesh nodes, so a trade-off must be reached limiting the number of nodes that enforce them. This work shows how, using the OLSR protocol, the centrality of groups of nodes with reference to traffic can be estimated with high accuracy independently of the network topology or size. We also show how this approach greatly limits the impact of an attack to the network using a number of firewalls that is only a fraction of the available nodes. 相似文献
52.
Ten trace elements (Cr, Zn, Fe, Mn, Cu, Co, Ni, Mo, V and Sr) and sulfur were determined in the saturate, aromatic and resin fractions of 15 crude oils from Mara (DM) and Mara Oeste (DMO) fields of the Maracaibo Basin, Venezuela. The oils studied are classified as unaltered or altered by biodegradation. In the altered oil, the depletion of n-alkanes, the absence of isoprenoids and the presence of steranes and hopanes unaltered by biodegradation are indicative of moderate biodegradation. The elements Zn, Fe, Mn, Cu, Ni, and Sr were detected in the saturated hydrocarbon fraction; Cr and V were detected in the aromatic fraction in addition to the above elements; whereas the elements detected for the resin fraction were Cr, Zn, Fe, Cu, Ni, Mo, V, and Sr. Co was not detected in any fractions of the oils analyzed. Sulfur was found in all fractions of the oils studied. It was proposed that Fe, Zn, Sr, and Mn could have entered the oil during migration or Fe, Zn and Mn as pollutants during oil extraction. Cr and Cu may be of biological origin and Mo could be incorporated into the reservoir through bacteria. Only S, V, and Ni in the resin fractions can be used as indicators of the origin and correlation of Mara and Mara Oeste oils. Based on the results obtained in this work, it can be established that the V/(V+Ni) ratio in the resin fraction can be used as a correlation parameter, for these oils. 相似文献
53.
A high pressure differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) and a Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometer with a prism liquid cell (PLC) were used to monitor the reaction kinetics of styrene-unsaturated polyester resins at elevated curing temperatures and pressures. The thermal method is easy to perform but provides only an overall reaction exotherm. The spectroscopic method can detect the detailed reaction mechanism of copolymerizations. It is, however, less quantitative and the calculation is much more time-consuming compared to the thermal analysis. Reactions of two unsaturated polyester resins with different molecular structure were measured by these two methods. Results showed that applying cure pressure on unsaturated polyester resins reduced the reaction rate but increased the final conversion. The styrene reaction was enhanced more than the polyester reaction at high curing temperatures. 相似文献
54.
Features of pesticide synergism and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition (in vitro) were studied using a selected range of organotin compounds against the early 4th instar larvae of a highly resistant strain of the diamondback moth (DBM), Plutella xylostella, a major universal pest of cruciferous vegetables.Fourteen triorganotin compounds were evaluated for their ability to enhance the toxicity of the microbial insecticide, Bacillus thuringiensis (BT) and of the commercial insecticide, Malathion to Plutella xylostella larvae. Supplemental synergism was observed with triphenyl- and tricyclopentyltin hydroxides in combinations with Bacillus thuringiensis. Increased synergism was observed with an increase in the number of cyclopentyl groups on tin in the mixed series, Cyp(n) Ph(3-n) SnX, where X = OH, and 1-(1,2,4-triazolyl). The combination of (p-chlorophenyl)diphenyltin N,N-dimethyldithiocarbamate at LD(10) and LD(25) concentrations with sublethal concentrations of Malathion as well as of tricyclohexyltin methanesulphonate at the 0.01% (w/v) concentration with Malathion exerted strong synergistic effects (supplemental synergism) with toxicity index (T.I) values of 7.2, 19.8 and 10.1, respectively.Studies on the in vitro inhibition of acetylcholinesterase prepared from the DBM larvae showed that while most of the triorganotin Compounds tested were without effect on the enzyme, compounds containing the thiocarbamylacetate or the dithiocarbamylacetate moieties demonstrated appreciable levels of inhibition, being comparable in efficacy to commercial grades of Malathion and Methomyl. 相似文献
55.
采用阳极氧化法制备了孔径为60~80 nm,壁厚约为20~30 nm的高有序TiO2纳米管阵列,并通过氨气氛下退火处理对TiO2纳米管进行N掺杂.利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)、喇曼光谱(Raman)及X射线光电子能谱(XPS)对得到的薄膜进行表征.SEM结果显示,经掺N后样品仍呈纳米管阵列的有序结构.XRD和Raman光谱研究表明,经过阳极氧化并在NH3气氛中500℃退火30min的纳米管阵列为锐钛矿与金红石晶型共存的TiO2,且N的引入促进了TiO2纳米管在低温下由锐钛矿相向金红石相的转变.N掺杂样品XPS中出现了结合能位于399.7 eV的N1s峰,该峰来源于TiO2的间隙N杂质原子,显示此方法在TiO2纳米管中实现了有效的N掺杂. 相似文献
56.
57.
Al5TiB对Mg-8Zn-4Al-0.3Mn镁合金阻尼性能的影响 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
研究了变质剂Al5TiB对Mg-8Zn-4Al-O.3Mn镁合金阻尼性能的影响。结果表明:Al5TiB的加入显著细化了Mg-8Zn-4Al-O.3Mn镁合金晶粒,增大了界面面积,提高了合金的界面阻尼。但是,Al5TiB的加入又促进了Al、Zn原子向基体中的扩散,降低了合金的位错阻尼。加入变质剂Al5TiB后Mg-8Zn-4Al-O.3Mn镁合金的阻尼机制主要是界面阻尼和位错阻尼。二者迭加的结果决定了ZA84镁合金的宏观阻尼行为。 相似文献
58.
59.
1 Introduction Magnesium alloys are attractive for applications in the automobile, aerospace and electronic industries due to their light mass, high stiffness, high specific strength, good dimensional stability and damping capacity. It is the lightest sp… 相似文献
60.