南五味子提取物抑菌作用稳定性的研究

目的:研究南五味子提取物抑菌作用的稳定性。方法:以南五味子为材料,常见食品腐败细菌为供试菌种,探讨pH、温度、还原剂、紫外光等处理对南五味子提取物抑菌活性的影响。结果:在介质pH≤4时对金黄色葡萄球菌、沙门氏菌等细菌有较好的抑菌效果,pH≥5时对沙门氏菌、铜绿假单胞菌等革兰氏阴性菌没有抑菌活性;温度、紫外光、超声波、保存时间对其稳定性几乎没有影响;VC、Na2SO3、NaCl和葡萄糖对其抑菌活性具有一定的增效作用;Na+、K+、Ca2+、Mg2+和Fe3+对其抑菌活性没有或具有少许增效作用,Fe2+对南五味子提取物抑菌活性具有一定的抑制作用。结论:介质pH及Fe2+对南五味子提取物抑菌活性有显著影响,而温度、紫外光、超声波、保存时间、VC、Na2SO3、NaCl和葡萄糖及其他金属离子对其几乎没有影响。     

蛋白质与原卟啉Ⅸ及复合物发光机理探讨

对原卟啉Ⅸ（ＰｒｏｔｏｐｏｒｐｈｙｒｉｎⅨ）与蛋白质结合物的吸收、荧光的激发、发射光谱等的研究，表明了在光作用下，其可见区发光（λｍａｘ６３５ｎｍ左右）与卟啉有关，而紫外区发光（λｍａｘ４２２ｎｍ左右）与蛋白质的色氨酸残基有关，其光谱特性与临床诊断选择的癌固有荧光特征峰基本相符。该研究结果为探讨癌的发光机理积累了有益资料．     

一种用于吊杆更换抱箍式临时兜吊系统的设计和施工

本文结合旧桥维修工程实例,介绍了某下承式钢管桁架混凝土拱桥吊杆更换中抱箍式临时兜吊系统的选型、体系组成及各构件设计要点,并通过有限元程序进行理论计算验证及试验工况验证;另外重点介绍了临时兜吊系统相关安装及施工工艺,经工程实践证明该抱箍式临时兜吊系统能够安全有效地实现了吊杆更换。同时该实践可为同类桥型吊杆更换和同类型临时兜吊系统的设计、施工提供借鉴。     

基于主动式全景视觉的管道内部缺陷检测方法

针对管道内表面检测空间受限的约束以及同时需要检测管道内壁功能性缺陷和结构性缺陷等需求,基于主动式全景视觉检测原理提出了一种既能视觉检测管道横截面几何尺寸又能获取和分析管道内壁表面缺陷的管道内部全方位视觉检测方法。利用携带有主动式全景视觉传感器的爬行机器人进入管道内部,分别实时获取内壁全景图像及激光横断面扫描全景图像。本文重点介绍基于管道内壁全景图像的缺陷检测方法,对管道内壁全景图像进行展开、预处理并提取管道病害区域的几何特征,最后判定缺陷类别及危害程度。经本文方法获取的缺陷几何特征实验数据验证,管道内表面存在的较为普遍的裂缝、腐蚀缺陷几何特征差异明显：腐蚀缺陷的圆形度较大,而裂缝缺陷的圆形度趋于0;腐蚀缺陷的凸度普遍大于裂缝缺陷;裂缝缺陷由于弯曲程度不同其边界离心率变化率大,而腐蚀缺陷的边界离心率趋于1。实验结果表明：该系统能够有效提取疑似缺陷区域并计算各几何特征,可通过合适的阈值判定其所属类别,为管道内表面缺陷检测提供了一种新的手段。     

磁流变光整加工技术研究进展

介绍了近年来磁流变光整加工（MRF）技术的研究状况及最新进展,对磁流变光整加工机理研究、加工机床与相关装置的开发、加工工艺试验研究、加工算法与模型研究、磁流变液流体开发与应用等五个方面进行了详细的综述与分析。最后探讨了磁流变光整加工中的关键技术与存在的问题,并对其发展趋势进行了展望。     

地下深井矿山岩爆发生规律及形成机理研究

岩爆是一种动力失稳地质灾害。根据会泽铅锌矿麒麟厂矿区工程地质钻探和现场调查中所发现的岩芯饼化和穿脉巷道侧帮片状剥落现象。总结了该矿岩爆发生的基本规律；并根据调查和实验结果分析了岩爆的形成机理。为选择合理的深部采矿方法和岩爆控制提供了重要依据。     

Treatment of Drilling Wastewater by Combined Coagulation-Ultraviolet/Fenton-Pressurized Biological Processes

An integrated technique containing coagulation, ultraviolet/Fenton oxidation, and pressurized biological processes was provided for the treatment of wastewater generated from drilling operation where sulfonated muds were used. Ultraviolet/Fenton oxidation process was used to improve biodegradability of effluent after coagulation [assessed through a ratio of biological oxygen demand to chemical oxygen demand (COD) (B/C) index]. Pressurized biological experiments were used to further remove COD so as to meet the wastewater discharge standard. The results showed that coagulation pretreatment could help remove most of CODs (70–80%) in drilling wastewater. A 57% reduction in COD was obtained in the ultraviolet/Fenton oxidation process with 0.8 Qth H2O2 (in 30 min), and the biodegradability was significantly improved (B/C was increased from 0.03 to 0.47). The pressurized biological process could help speed up the reaction process with a saved aeration time of 66.7% under a system pressure of 0.2 MPa (in comparison with the condition of a normal pressure). The overall COD removal efficiency was about 95% and the COD level in the final effluent was less than 100 mg/L, which satisfied the wastewater discharge standard.     

Influence of acrylate processing aid‐based ionomer containing lanthanide (La(III)) ion on thermal stability,fusion, transparency and mechanical properties of rigid poly(vinyl chloride)

An acrylate processing aid (ACR)‐based ionomer containing lanthanide (La(III)) ion was synthesized and the influences of the ionomer on thermal stability, fusion time, transparency and tensile properties of rigid poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) were investigated. Results revealed that the ionomer with a suitable La(III) content behaved as a good stabilizer as well as processing aid to the rigid PVC product. The ionomer could accelerate fusion of PVC much more quickly than ACR because of the strong interaction between La(III) carboxylate and PVC. Moreover, it exhibited a stabilizing efficiency comparable to lanthanum and calcium stearates (LaSt₃ and CaSt₂). The composite stabilizer of ionomer/zinc stearate (ZnSt₂) exhibited an ability to improve initial discoloration better than LaSt₃/ZnSt₂ and CaSt₂/ZnSt₂ because the ionomer could form a complex with ZnSt₂ much more slowly than LaSt₃ and CaSt₂. The compounds stabilized using ionomer/ZnSt₂ exhibited a transparency comparable to those stabilized using organotin or liquid barium/zinc stabilizers, which was much better than those stabilized using LaSt₃/ZnSt₂ and CaSt₂/ZnSt₂. Copyright © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry     

超疏水石墨烯/甲醛-三聚氰胺-亚硫酸氢钠共聚物海绵的制备及其在油水分离中的应用

采用两步法合成了石墨烯（GE）改性的超疏水超亲油甲醛-三聚氰胺-亚硫酸氢钠（FMS）共聚物海绵,首先在FMS海绵基质上进行GE原位聚合,然后通过聚甲基苯基硅氧烷构筑超疏水结构。采用FTIR、SEM、TGA、光学接触角测量仪对海绵结构进行表征分析。结果表明,GE成功地修饰了FMS海绵,制备出的GE/FMS共聚物海绵的接触角达158.9°。将GE/FMS共聚物海绵用于油水分离,经20次对机油吸附-解吸附测定后仍能保持稳定的超疏水性质。改性后的GE/FMS海绵具有良好的可重复利用性且对油和有机溶剂具有高度选择吸收性,对氯仿和机油的吸收量分别达到自身质量的约125倍和90倍,对油或有机溶剂的回收率达到87%以上。进一步对油或有机溶剂与水的分离进行了应用模拟,结果表明:改性后的GE/FMS海绵可以高效快速地将油或有机溶剂从水中分离出来,对于投入生产及吸附应用具有实际意义。