Application of microcomputer to current-controlled cycloconverter systems     

Hirofumi Akagi  Masao Fujita  Tadashi Fukao  Shota Miyairi 《Electrical Engineering in Japan》1980,100(4):86-94

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Shota Watanabe  Shuichi Torii 《国际能源研究杂志》2016,40(6):739-742

The aim of the present study is to develop the biomass furnace combustor, which can effectively use the compost as a fuel. Here, the compost that is made from pig's waste and has the calorific value of 2000 kcal/kg is employed here. Emphasis is placed on the optimum conditions of fuel and air flow rates and moisture content of the compost and the corresponding combustion gas components and combustion gas temperature in the combustor. It is found from the study that (i) except 40% of the compost's moisture content, the self‐combustion of compost as the fuel takes place, (ii) the combustion gas concentrations are affected by gas temperature, and (iii) the optimum value of the air‐to‐fuel ratio is obtained based on the gas temperature and the concentration of combustion gases. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

    

Yoshiyuki Nonoguchi  Motohiro Nakano  Tomoko Murayama  Harutoshi Hagino  Shota Hama  Koji Miyazaki  Ryosuke Matsubara  Masakazu Nakamura  Tsuyoshi Kawai 《Advanced functional materials》2016,26(18):3021-3028

After more than three decades of molecular and carbon‐based electronics, the creation of air‐ and thermally stable n‐type materials remains a challenge in the development of future p/n junction devices such as solar cells and thermoelectric modules. Here a series of ordinary salts are reported such as sodium chloride (NaCl), sodium hydroxide (NaOH), and potassium hydroxide (KOH) with crown ethers as new doping reagents for converting single‐walled carbon nanotubes to stable n‐type materials. Thermoelectric analyses reveal that these new n‐type single‐walled carbon nanotubes display remarkable air stability even at 100 °C for more than 1 month. Their thermoelectric properties with a dimensionless figure‐of‐merit (ZT) of 0.1 make these new n‐type single‐walled carbon nanotubes a most promising candidate for future n‐type carbon‐based thermoelectric materials.  相似文献   

    

Seonghee Jeong  Shota Kanno  Sumito Kashihara 《Advanced Robotics》2016,30(14):938-947

In physical human–robot interaction, a contact sensor is fundamentally required for robots to sense contact with humans and to take appropriate safety measures. This paper proposes a wide-range detectable contact sensor system with a safety monitoring function that uses an ultrasonic wave and a silicone rubber tube. The appropriate threshold voltage for generating a monitoring pulse signal is calculated using the estimation equation derived on the basis of the propagation characteristics of ultrasonic waves in straight and curved tubes. By comparing the periodic time between the generated monitoring signals and self-diagnostic signals, the proposed contact detection algorithm detects both contact due to tube deformation and failure of a sensor system including a stack fault. An experiment investigating the relationship between tube deformation by pushing force and the loss of peak voltage of an ultrasonic wave reveals that the sensor system can detect contact when the tube is deformed by 8 mm.  相似文献   

    

Naoya Hirata  Shigeru Yamada  Shota Yanagida  Atsushi Ono  Yukuto Yasuhiko  Motohiro Nishida  Yasunari Kanda 《International journal of molecular sciences》2022,23(4)

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Shota Daiki  Toshihiro Ishikawa 《International Journal of Applied Ceramic Technology》2022,19(4):1860-1869

Highly purified and crystallized hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) powder is suitable as thermally conductive filler in resins. To obtain h-BN powder with large particle size, as well as high purity and crystallinity, high-temperature heat treatment over 1800°C in a N₂ gas atmosphere is effective. The carbothermal reduction nitridation (CRN) involves the carbothermic reduction of boric oxide in a N₂ gas atmosphere. In CRN using a CaO promoter, h-BN particles with high crystallinity can be obtained by a simple heat treatment process. CaO prevents the evaporation of boron oxide and aids in h-BN particle growth at high temperatures. However, CaB₆ is formed as byproduct or impurity when CRN using the CaO promoter is performed at temperatures higher than 1800°C. In this study, the relationship between the products and the reaction temperature was clarified via thermodynamic considerations and experimentation. The results clarified the ideal reaction process of CRN using a CaO promoter to obtain highly purified and crystallized h-BN powder.  相似文献   

    

Salma O. M. Osman  Abu Sefyan I. Saad  Shota Tadano  Yoshiki Takeda  Takafumi Konaka  Yuji Yamasaki  Izzat S. A. Tahir  Hisashi Tsujimoto  Kinya Akashi 《International journal of molecular sciences》2022,23(5)

Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is known to be negatively affected by heat stress, and its production is threatened by global warming, particularly in arid regions. Thus, efforts to better understand the molecular responses of wheat to heat stress are required. In the present study, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, coupled with chemometrics, was applied to develop a protocol that monitors chemical changes in common wheat under heat stress. Wheat plants at the three-leaf stage were subjected to heat stress at a 42 °C daily maximum temperature for 3 days, and this led to delayed growth in comparison to that of the control. Measurement of FTIR spectra and their principal component analysis showed partially overlapping features between heat-stressed and control leaves. In contrast, supervised machine learning through linear discriminant analysis (LDA) of the spectra demonstrated clear discrimination of heat-stressed leaves from the controls. Analysis of LDA loading suggested that several wavenumbers in the fingerprinting region (400–1800 cm⁻¹) contributed significantly to their discrimination. Novel spectrum-based biomarkers were developed using these discriminative wavenumbers that enabled the successful diagnosis of heat-stressed leaves. Overall, these observations demonstrate the versatility of FTIR-based chemical fingerprints for use in heat-stress profiling in wheat.  相似文献   

    

Chinatsu Nishida  Hiroto Izumi  Taisuke Tomonaga  Ke-Yong Wang  Hidenori Higashi  Jun-Ichi Takeshita  Ryohei Ono  Kazuki Sumiya  Shota Fujii  Yuki Hata  Kazuo Sakurai  Yasuyuki Higashi  Kei Yamasaki  Kazuhiro Yatera  Yasuo Morimoto 《International journal of molecular sciences》2022,23(18)

Background: We conducted intratracheal instillations of different molecular weights of polyacrylic acid (PAA) into rats in order to examine what kinds of physicochemical characteristics of acrylic acid-based polymer affect responses in the lung. Methods: F344 rats were intratracheally exposed to a high molecular weight (HMW) of 598 thousand g/mol or a low molecular weight (LMW) of 30.9 thousand g/mol PAA at low and high doses. Rats were sacrificed at 3 days, 1 week, 1 month, 3 months and 6 months post exposure. Results: HMW PAA caused persistent increases in neutrophil influx, cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractants (CINC) in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) in the lung tissue from 3 days to 3 months and 6 months following instillation. On the other hand, LMW PAA caused only transient increases in neutrophil influx, CINC in BALF, and HO-1 in the lung tissue from 3 days to up to 1 week or 1 month following instillation. Histopathological findings of the lungs demonstrated that the extensive inflammation and fibrotic changes caused by the HMW PAA was greater than that in exposure to the LMW PAA during the observation period. Conclusion: HMW PAA induced persistence of lung disorder, suggesting that molecular weight is a physicochemical characteristic of PAA-induced lung disorder.  相似文献   

    

Kentaro Shimasaki  Keigo Kumagai  Shota Sakai  Toshiyuki Yamaji  Kentaro Hanada 《International journal of molecular sciences》2022,23(7)

The ceramide transport protein (CERT) delivers ceramide from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to the Golgi apparatus, where ceramide is converted to sphingomyelin (SM). The function of CERT is regulated in two distinct phosphorylation-dependent events: multiple phosphorylations in a serine-repeat motif (SRM) and phosphorylation of serine 315 residue (S315). Pharmacological inhibition of SM biosynthesis results in an increase in SRM-dephosphorylated CERT, which serves as an activated form, and an enhanced phosphorylation of S315, which augments the binding of CERT to ER-resident VAMP-associated protein (VAP), inducing the full activation of CERT to operate at the ER–Golgi membrane contact sites (MCSs). However, it remains unclear whether the two phosphorylation-dependent regulatory events always occur coordinately. Here, we describe that hyperosmotic stress induces S315 phosphorylation without affecting the SRM-phosphorylation state. Under hyperosmotic conditions, the binding of CERT with VAP-A is enhanced in an S315 phosphorylation-dependent manner, and this increased binding occurs throughout the ER rather than restrictedly at the ER–Golgi MCSs. Moreover, we found that de novo synthesis of SM with very-long acyl chains preferentially increases via a CERT-independent mechanism under hyperosmotic-stressed cells, providing an insight into a CERT-independent ceramide transport pathway for de novo synthesis of SM.  相似文献   

    

Kentaro Hanada  Shota Sakai  Keigo Kumagai 《International journal of molecular sciences》2022,23(4)

Lipid transfer proteins (LTPs) are recognized as key players in the inter-organelle trafficking of lipids and are rapidly gaining attention as a novel molecular target for medicinal products. In mammalian cells, ceramide is newly synthesized in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and converted to sphingomyelin in the trans-Golgi regions. The ceramide transport protein CERT, a typical LTP, mediates the ER-to-Golgi transport of ceramide at an ER-distal Golgi membrane contact zone. About 20 years ago, a potent inhibitor of CERT, named (1R,3S)-HPA-12, was found by coincidence among ceramide analogs. Since then, various ceramide-resembling compounds have been found to act as CERT inhibitors. Nevertheless, the inevitable issue remains that natural ligand-mimetic compounds might directly bind both to the desired target and to various undesired targets that share the same natural ligand. To resolve this issue, a ceramide-unrelated compound named E16A, or (1S,2R)-HPCB-5, that potently inhibits the function of CERT has recently been developed, employing a series of in silico docking simulations, efficient chemical synthesis, quantitative affinity analysis, protein–ligand co-crystallography, and various in vivo assays. (1R,3S)-HPA-12 and E16A together provide a robust tool to discriminate on-target effects on CERT from off-target effects. This short review article will describe the history of the development of (1R,3S)-HPA-12 and E16A, summarize other CERT inhibitors, and discuss their possible applications.  相似文献