基于GIS三维统计的膏溶角砾岩断口 几何特性研究

  利用3D激光扫描系统精确测量膏溶角砾岩单轴压缩破坏下岩石断口表面的粗糙形态,结合地理信息系统(GIS)技术,实现岩石断口表面的三维可视化。然后对岩石断口三维几何特性参数进行统计分析,根据频率直方图的分布趋势研究各几何特性参数的分布规律及其随含水率增加的变化规律。最后,研究膏溶角砾岩断口在不同含水率条件下的分形特征,得出岩石断口在不同加载方向上的分维值随含水率增加的变化规律。试验结果表明,断口粗糙高度和坡度的分布近似于正态分布,断口粗糙高度的平均值随着含水率的增加呈线性上升趋势,而断口坡度的平均值随着含水率的增加呈线性下降趋势。通过岩石断口激光扫描试验分析发现,岩石断口的几何特征及分维值与岩石的初始含水状态密切相关,分维可以作为岩石断口几何形态定量描述的参数之一,从而为进一步分析膏溶角砾岩损伤演化过程及其破坏机制提供可靠的试验依据。     

高温后花岗岩力学性能的试验研究

对经历不同高温后花岗岩的力学性能进行了试验研究，分析了花岗岩应力．应变曲线、峰值应力、峰值应变、弹性模量和泊松比等的变化情况。研究结果表明，经历400℃以内的高温后，温度对花岗岩的力学性能的影响不明显。但经历的温度超过400℃后，随受热温度升高花岗岩力学性能迅速劣化，花岗岩峰值应力(或强度)和弹性模量急剧降低，而峰值应变迅速增长。高温后花岗岩泊松比随经历高温的增加而呈减少趋势。     

Thermal stress measurement in steel plate strengthened by CFRP and aluminum alloy plates

In steel members strengthened by carbon-fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) plates, the thermal stresses are introduced in the steel members, the CFRP plates and the adhesive layers when temperature changes because the linear thermal expansion coefficients of steel and CFRP are mismatched. As so far, the authors proposed a technique to reduce the thermal stress in steel members strengthened by CFRP plates, which involves bonding aluminum alloy plates with CFRP plates. In the proposed method, the thermal stress in steel member can be reduced so that there are negligible levels of stress in steel member when the cross sectional areas of CFRP and aluminum plates are designed to correspond to the coefficient of thermal expansion of steel, even though the thermal stresses are introduced in the CFRP and aluminum plates. In this study, to confirm the maintaining the thermal stress reduction in steel member by proposed method, thermal stress measurement in steel plate strengthened by CFRP and aluminum plates was carried out about 21 months. In this research, the thermal stress introduced in the steel plate strengthened by CFRP plates was also measured. Furthermore, to assume the thermal shear and normal (peel) stresses in adhesive layers, FE analysis with plane stress element was employed. As the result, it was shown the thermal stresses in steel plate with CFRP plate were able to calculate by using composite theory and measured temperature. Furthermore, in steel plate strengthened by CFRP and aluminum plates, the thermal stress introduced in steel plate was negligible-small through the all-season. It was found the thermal stresses in steel plate with CFRP plates as well as CFRP and aluminum plates were also estimated by using composite theory and measured temperature. In the steel plate strengthened by CFRP and aluminum plates, the thermal shear and normal stresses in adhesive layer glued to steel plate become smaller than that in the conventional CFRP bonded specimen. However, the shear stress in adhesive layers between CFRP and aluminum plates in proposed method was higher than the thermal stress in adhesive layers between CFRP plates in conventional method.     

装配式混凝土结构施工技术课程教学探讨

装配式混凝土结构施工技术是新时期土木工程施工的新内容,目前发展装配式混凝土结构建筑是推进建筑产业化的重要举措。根据装配式混凝土结构施工技术内容和特点探讨该课程的教学内容和教学方式,选择该课程实践教学内容和知识应用方法,提出符合高等学校土木工程专业教学特点和工程建设实践需要的装配式混凝土结构施工技术课程教学体系,探讨土木工程施工技术课程改革,以适应建筑产业化对土木工程专业人才的要求。     

Electrodeposition and growth mechanism of preferentially orientated nanotwinned Cu on silicon wafer substrate

Homogeneous columnar Cu film with fully embedded nanotwins was successfully fabricated on Ti/Cu seed layer on silicon wafer. The nanotwins with thickness of tens of nanometers are generally parallel to the silicon surface, showing a strong (111) preferred orientation. The acid concentration was found to be important in influencing the formation of nanoscale twins. By adjusting the acid concentration, the nanotwins can be induced from the top columnar grain to middle columnar grain and reach the bottom equiaxed grain, and a microstructural transformation model was given. A theory focusing on the cathode overpotential was proposed to reveal the effect of acid concentration on the growth mechanism of nanoscale twins. An appropriate adsorption proportion of hydrogen on cathode (acid concentration 17 ml L^?1) could increase the overpotential which supplies adequate nucleation energy for nanoscale twins formation.     

微滴乳液聚合制备纳米SiO2/聚丙烯酸酯复合材料

在硅溶胶中加入八甲基环四硅氧烷(D4)和偶联剂γ-(2,3-环氧丙氧) 丙基三甲氧基硅烷(KH560),以十二烷基苯磺酸(DBSA)催化D4的开环聚合,借助超声强化聚二甲基硅氧烷(PDMS)和偶联剂对硅溶胶的表面改性。将改性硅溶胶及其混合物分散在甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)和丙烯酸丁酯(BA)的混合单体中,实施微滴乳液聚合,制备SiO₂/聚丙烯酸酯纳米复合材料。硅溶胶改性阶段的催化剂中和后成为后续微滴乳液聚合的乳化剂,而伴生的PDMS成为有效抑制单体珠滴Ostwald 熟化的超疏水剂。采用FTIR、TGA、TEM、马尔文纳米粒度仪、水接触角等测试方法对改性纳米粒、复合胶乳和胶乳薄膜进行表征。结果表明,PDMS和偶联剂在SiO₂表面形成了共价键合和包覆,且伴生的PDMS改善了复合胶乳薄膜的表面疏水性,复合粒子是聚合物基体为壳、SiO₂纳米颗粒呈海岛分散的 (多)核-壳结构形态,SiO₂占单体质量分数为3%时,平均粒径约98 nm。     

地铁引起建筑物振动评价研究

因为不能直接量测地铁环境中拟建建筑物的振动,介绍基于理论计算分析对地铁运行引起建筑物振动的评价方法。由于地铁隧道底面振动记录资料缺乏,量测困难;列车-轨道-地基系统的模拟不尽完善。针对上海地铁隧道正上方某拟建建筑物的振动问题,建立上部结构的刚性地基有限元模型,输入场地实测地面振动加速度激励,计算结构振动在时域内的响应。利用傅里叶变换,对结构时域内的响应进行频域分析,根据国家标准对地铁引起建筑物的振动做出评价,从而为地铁环境中建筑物防振设计提供依据。