真菌和细菌联合处理染料废水的研究进展

染料废水是一类典型的难降解工业废水,对传统生物处理技术提出了挑战。真菌和细菌联合处理技术是一项新兴的污水生物处理技术,结合了细菌和真菌各自在有机物分解过程中的优势。通过真菌对有机物的降解机理及其酶系,分析了利用真菌和细菌联合处理有机污染物的机理,在此基础上综述了利用真菌和细菌联合处理染料废水的研究进展,并指出了今后的相关研究方向及该项技术的应用前景。     

热电厂110kV备自投装置的模拟实验

为了模拟110kV线路在出现故障状态下的电源自投保护装置的应用情况,研究制作了模拟开关动作电源板,并在模拟实验中进行了应用。结果表明,该模拟开关电源能够缩短实验时间近3倍,可以有效保障施工及实验安全,使装置平稳运行。     

(Na1/2Bi1/2)TiO3-based lead-free co-fired multilayer actuators with large strain and high fatigue resistance

Large-strain multilayer actuators (MLAs) were fabricated by tape-casting 0.91(Na_1/2 Bi_1/2)TiO₃–0.06BaTiO₃–0.03AgNbO₃ (NBT-BT–3AN) lead-free incipient piezoceramics co-fired with Pt inner electrodes. Microstructures, dielectric properties, unipolar and bipolar strain, as well as fatigue properties of the MLAs were investigated. It was found that the actuator consisting of 15 ceramic layers with individual thicknesses of 114 μm could output a large unipolar strain of 0.3% and a dynamic displacement of 5 μm at 6 kV/mm at room temperature. It exhibited excellent cycling stability and provided a high strain of 0.23% after 10⁷ cycles at 6 kV/mm. Moreover, these MLAs still can deliver a strain of 0.20% at 125°C.     

Dry inoculation methods for nonfat milk powder

Carriers with inoculated microorganisms are often used to validate low-moisture food safety interventions. In this study, we evaluated dry inoculation methods using silicon dioxide (SiO₂) and a small portion of nonfat milk powder (NFMP) as dry carriers for NFMP. Silicon dioxide was characterized by vapor sorption analysis. One milliliter of inoculum of a 5-strain Salmonella cocktail (serovars Agona, Reading, Tennessee, Montevideo, and Mbandaka) or Enterococcus faecium NRRL B-2354 was inoculated onto 1 g of SiO₂ or 10 g of NFMP as carriers. Both inoculated carriers were air-dried for 72 h [22°C, relative humidity (RH) ～30%], equilibrated to water activity (a_w) 0.25 ± 0.02 (24 h at 22°C, RH 25%), and mixed with preconditioned NFMP (a_w = 0.25 ± 0.02) to reach an inoculation level of 8.2 ± 0.2 log cfu/g. Inoculated NFMP was stored at 22°C, RH 25%, and its bacterial populations were monitored for 30 d. Both sets in equilibrated NFMP were subjected to isothermal treatments in closed aluminum cells at 85, 90, and 95°C. Silicon dioxide maintained moisture content (0.29 ± 0.03%, dry basis) at different water activities. The NFMP inoculated with both carriers exhibited stable bacterial populations over 30 d at 22°C. Strains in NFMP inoculated with SiO₂ showed equal or higher D-values but equal z-values compared with those inoculated with a small portion of NFMP. Enterococcus faecium exhibited comparable thermal resistance to Salmonella under all tested conditions. This study supports E. faecium as a Salmonella surrogate in thermal processing of NFMP and the use of SiO₂ to inoculate NFMP.     

油橄榄果实油脂积累的转录组分析

采用高通量测序技术对云南引种油橄榄佛奥及国内选育品种鄂植8号2个品种的3个生长时期的果实进行转录组测序,参考油橄榄基因组文献,共选出208个具有高表达量的油脂合成相关基因; 2个品种油橄榄的基因表达活性在7月很接近,而在5月和9月差异较大,这与果实发育规律趋于一致,即果实发育初期,细胞分裂旺盛,内含物质新陈代谢旺盛,而发育后期,油脂积累趋于稳定所致。研究结果可为油橄榄分子育种,基因手段提高橄榄油品质和营养价值奠定一定的理论基础。     

大港枣园油田火山岩储集层研究

以大港枣园油田Z35断块火山岩裂缝性稠油油藏为例,利用取心井的岩心薄片鉴定、岩石化学分析等资料,结合岩心观察结果,对火山岩油藏岩石类型进行了划分。结合不同岩性的测井响应特征,建立单井相模式,将火山岩岩相划分为2个亚相和4个微相,并结合地震属性及开发动态资料,开展火山岩平面相分析与评价,进而阐述了岩相与油气分布的关系。评价结果表明,气孔玄武岩微相是该区火山岩油气藏的主要储集层。     

分段凿岩阶段矿房采矿法间顶柱回采实践

空场采矿法矿房回采完毕后,如何及时、安全、有效地回采矿柱一直以来都是采矿技术人员探索研究的问题。首云矿业公司结合分段凿岩阶段矿房采矿法矿房回采施工爆破经验,对间顶柱进行了回采。详述了间顶柱回采顺序、爆破方案及回采工艺特点。间顶柱回采实践表明：应用分段凿岩阶段矿房回采工艺回收间顶柱,作业条件安全,施工效率高,实际回收矿柱矿量30万t,取得了良好的经济及社会效益。     

咖啡碱和绿原酸对高脂饮食小鼠体质量、脂类沉积及肝脏脂质代谢基因表达的影响

研究咖啡主要成分咖啡碱和绿原酸对高脂饮食诱导的肥胖小鼠体质量、脂类沉积及肝脏脂类代谢基因表达的影响。50只雌性ICR小鼠被随机分成5组:对照组、高脂组、咖啡碱、绿原酸、咖啡碱+绿原酸,给药组分别在饮水中添加0.05%咖啡碱、0.2%绿原酸、0.05%咖啡碱+0.2%绿原酸,饲养14周。饲养期间每周测1次体质量。饲养结束后心脏采血,摘取脏器和腹腔内脂肪(intraperitoneal adipose tissues,IPAT)并称质量。测定血糖浓度、血中及肝脏中脂质含量。通过实时定量聚合酶链式反应测定肝脏中脂质代谢相关基因AMPK、HMG-CoAr、FASN、ACO的mRNA表达量。与高脂组相比,咖啡碱+绿原酸能明显抑制小鼠体质量和IPAT质量的增加;咖啡碱、咖啡碱+绿原酸明显降低血糖和总胆固醇浓度;绿原酸投喂小鼠血中低密度脂蛋白胆固醇浓度显著降低,而血中游离脂肪酸浓度上升;咖啡碱、咖啡碱+绿原酸显著降低肝脏中总胆固醇和甘油三酯的含量;咖啡碱和咖啡碱+绿原酸使AMPK基因相对表达量显著上升,FASN基因相对表达量显著下降;3组给药组的ACO基因相对表达量显著上升,HMG-CoAr基因相对表达量显著下降。咖啡碱+绿原酸的减肥作用可能通过调节肝脏脂质代谢相关基因的表达,来降低血中和肝脏中脂类的含量,抑制脂肪沉积,抑制小鼠体质量增加,且它们有协同作用。     

工程测量技术专业“3.5+1.5+1.0”人才培养模式构建及保障机制探讨

文中根据测绘行业对生产一线人员的基本职业技能要求,结合甘肃林业职业技术学院工程测量技术专业10余年的教学改革成效,通过行业调研、归纳总结、缜密分析,构建了适合高职高专工程测量技术专业"3.5+1.5+1.0"校企合作、工学结合的人才培养模式,并探索了实施该模式的保障机制。     

装药量对塑料导爆管传爆性能的影响

对不同装药量的聚乙烯导爆管的传爆性能进行测试,试验结果表明：温度为25℃时,装药量在13.64-21.90 mg/m的范围内,爆速的变化范围为1887-1931 m/s,爆速随装药量的增加而逐渐增大;当装药量为21.90mg/m时管壁被击穿;装药量为13.64 mg/m时,未见其感度降低和传爆不可靠。