温和条件下环己烷液相选择性氧化改性VPO催化剂

将La、Ce和Bi改性的钒磷氧化物（VPO）催化剂用于温和条件下液相催化氧化环己烷.发现Bi-VPO催化剂具有较好的液相催化氧化性能;Bi-VPO催化氧化环己烷的优化工艺条件是在10 ml乙腈中加入2 mmol的环己烷、0.01 g (V: 0.068 mmol)的Bi-VPO催化剂,在60 ℃下分次滴加3 ml (26 mmol) H₂O₂,反应12 h,环己烷的转化率为72%,环己酮和环己醇的收率分别为38%和34%.表明改性后的催化剂可大大提高VPO催化剂液相氧化环己烷的催化性能.     

一种重力势能驱动小车的设计与实现

结合大学生工程训练综合能力竞赛要求,开发了一种以重力势能驱动的具有方向控制功能的自行小车。该小车能按"S"轨迹自动行走并依次绕过赛道上设置的等间距障碍物,还能通过简单调节结构参数,适应障碍物的间距变化。通过对小车的机械系统进行精心设计和详细分析,从小车结构、装配以及调试等方面探讨了如何提高小车的运行精度以及稳定性等问题。实验结果表明:小车结构简单、运行平稳、轨迹准确,可较好地实现"S"轨迹自行越障功能,对此类小车的设计和工作性能提高有一定的参考价值。     

轴向冲击下波纹腹板梁的失稳控制和能量吸收

针对Sine波纹腹板梁结构,通过设计其初始振幅缺陷,控制不同波形阶数下波纹梁的失稳模态,引导上下翼板按预期渐进、稳定、可重复的压溃变形模式发展.采用Abaqus/Explicit中的显式动力学方法数值模拟初始振幅缺陷与比吸能(Specific Energy Absorption,SEA)的关系.通过对比低阶、中阶和高阶波形的载荷-位移曲线说明波形阶数对吸能特性和失稳控制的影响.结果表明:对于给定的波形阶数,存在初始振幅缺陷的临界值使Sine波纹腹板梁结构达到预期的临界失稳状态,同时SEA最大;初始振幅缺陷越大,失稳控制越容易,但吸能效果随之降低.     

超高温瞬时灭菌对米酒品质的影响

目的：使经过超高温瞬时灭菌的米酒既符合商业上无菌要求也满足消费者对米酒质量的要求。方法：对朝鲜族米酒进行超高温瞬时灭菌,在贮藏期每周测定其理化指标、感官指标以及微生物指标以确定该灭菌法的最佳灭菌条件,并分析此灭菌方法处理的朝鲜族米酒在贮存20周后的品质和功能性成分的变化。结果：超高温瞬时灭菌的最佳参数为125 ℃灭菌5 s。贮存20周后,米酒中总氨基酸含量为0.70 mg/100 mL,有机酸含量为321.68 mg/100 mL。结论：超高温瞬时灭菌方法对氨基酸含量有一定负面影响,但能在保证米酒风味的同时高效灭菌。     

山梨酸钾辅助HPTS对芽孢的杀菌动力学及应用研究

本文研究山梨酸钾辅助高压热杀菌(HPTS)对枯草杆菌芽孢的灭活动力学。选用一级动力学模型、Weibull和Loglogistic动力学模型对山梨酸钾辅助HPTS对枯草杆菌芽孢的失活曲线进行动力学模型拟合。分析精确因子(A_f)、偏差因子(B_f)、均方根误差(RMSE)、决定系数(R²),在3个模型中,山梨酸钾辅助HPTS的杀菌作用更符合Log-logistic动力学模型(R²=0.986)。山梨酸钾(0.2 g/100 mL)辅助HPTS(600 MPa、75℃、25 min)时,失活效果最佳,芽孢致死率为6.10 lg(CFU/mL)。山梨酸钾辅助HPTS处理能有效杀灭甜瓜汁中的芽孢,且杀菌后甜瓜汁的褐变度显著降低,贮藏28 d后山梨酸钾(0.1 g/100 mL)辅助HPTS(600 MPa、75℃、25 min)处理的甜瓜汁在420 mn处的吸光度达0.093,而HPTS处理的对照样品的吸光度为0.058。通过扫描电镜观察甜瓜汁中枯草杆菌芽孢处理前、后的微观结构,处理后的芽孢形态结构发生变化。结...     

三系培育新品种朝天椒的农艺性状与品质特性研究

为新品种朝天椒的开发利用提供理论依据,以编号为1~5的5份不同杂交组合的三系培育新品种朝天椒种质资源为受试材料,采用综合方法分析了其农艺性状和以辣椒素含量和挥发性物质为主的品质特性。结果表明,5种朝天椒的农艺性状存在较大差异,其果长为6.7~9.3 cm,果重2.40~6.26 g,种子数比15.3~28.1个/g,果肉比71.10%~83.93%。5种朝天椒均具有较高的营养价值,但其营养品质有所不同。其中,1号朝天椒的碳水化合物、粗脂肪和灰分含量最高,2号朝天椒的水分含量最高,3号朝天椒的维生素C含量最高,5号朝天椒的蛋白质含量最高。5种朝天椒的辣椒素含量较高且具有较高的辣度,其中5号朝天椒的辣椒素类物质含量最高（1.128 g/kg）,斯科维尔指数为17399 SHU,辣度为116;2号朝天椒的辣椒素类物质含量最低（0.464 g/kg）,斯科维尔指数为7157 SHU,辣度为48。5种朝天椒中共检出100种挥发性物质,其中烯烃类物质的相对含量最高（39.20%~61.73%）,其共同的呈香物质主要为烯烃类、酯类和醇类,但该3类物质的种类与相对含量存在较大差异。Pearson相关性分析结果显示,新品种朝天椒的辣度与其果重和果肉比呈极显著负相关（P<0.01）,与其种子数比呈极显著正相关（P<0.01）。综合分析认为,5种新品种朝天椒均具有较高的辣度和营养价值、良好的色泽和香气,均是加工干椒的适宜品种,尤其是5号,且2号、3号和4号朝天椒还可鲜食、泡制、腌制或发酵。     

进气加湿与富氧对船用柴油机NOx-Soot排放的影响

通过一台满足TierⅡ排放标准的四冲程增压中冷船用柴油机,模拟研究了富氧燃烧结合进气加湿改善NOx-soot折衷关系的潜力,并探讨了实现TierⅢ排放标准的技术路线.本研究使用AVLFire软件建立仿真模型.结果表明:单独使用富氧燃烧时,缸内温度较高,燃烧持续期较短,soot排放减少,NOx排放恶化,而单独使用进气加湿时呈相反的趋势.当发动机运行在转速为1350 r/min、75%负荷工况下,进气氧体积分数为21%~23%、加湿率为0~100%时,可实现NOx-soot排放同时降低且低于原机.氧体积分数为21%和加湿率为100%匹配,可以实现TierⅢ排放法规.两种措施的优化组合可以获得NOx-soot排放的最佳优化区域.     

基于白盒化技术的配电站监控系统的应用

针对配电站监控系统对厂站设备适配和监控系统迭代升级的需求,提出了一种应用白盒化嵌入式系统技术的方案。该方案采用白盒化开放接口设计,制定统一规范接口,并在程序软件设计上采用协议库动态管理的方法,从而实现了监控系统的灵活管理,同时显著降低了建网和后期维护成本,有效提高了配电站监管平台开发和运行的可靠性。     

Fabrication of Highly Stretchable Conductors via Morphological Control of Carbon Nanotube Network

Stretchable conductors, which can keep their excellent electrical conductivity while highly stretched, have been investigated extensively due to their wide range of applications in flexible and stretchable electronics, wearable displays, etc.; however, their preparation is often complicated and expensive. Herein, an efficient method to prepare high performance stretchable conductors through morphological control of conductive networks formed with carbon nanotubes (CNTs) in an elastomer matrix is reported. It is observed that an interface‐mediated method could be used to align randomly oriented filler during stretching and to induce buckling of CNTs during relaxation. Further morphological studies indicate the possible formation of a wavy CNT structure induced by cyclic pre‐straining. Subsequent thermal annealing is observed to collapse the oriented network and improve the local contacts between conductive networks. Through such a simple procedure, a conductivity of nearly 1000 S m^?1 and a stretchability of 200% can be achieved for composites containing 20 wt% CNTs. CNTs are observed to buckle over a large area in polymer bulk, and the combination of pre‐straining and thermal annealing modifies the conductive network in the elastomer matrix. As a general method, this could be used for easy fabrication of high‐performance stretchable conductors for arbitrary‐shaped objects on a large scale.     

Research of aging test on high Tg colorless polyimide

For the past few years, colorless polyimide (CPI) has been drawn much attention for its application in transparent electronics. The high temperature (even to 450°C) process of the preparation of organic light-emitting diode display (OLED) device may have huge challenges on the properties of CPI, so we designed a series of aging test experiments to study the influence of test temperature and atmosphere on the high transparency percentages (Tr%) of CPI films with structure of Glass/SiO₂/CPI/SiO₂. As the aging temperature increased from 430 to 450°C and then to 470°C, the Tr% of the film decreased significantly. Comparing with the sample without aging, the transmission losses were 0.22%, 1.42%, and 4.82% for the films aging with 430, 450, and 470°C in N₂ atmosphere, respectively. Additionally, aging in nitrogen resulted in less Tr% loss (1.22%) compared with air (1.42%). This research offers insights into how to maintain the high Tr% of CPI films during high-temperature processing. Furthermore, it supports the development of more durable and reliable CPI-based components for OLED displays and other transparent electronic devices. This can lead to advancements in the performance of these devices, potentially extending their lifespan and broadening their range of applications.