One-dimensional mathematical modeling was used to describe the self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS) process for preparing TiAl3 and Ni3Al intermetallics. The kinetic parameters (activation energies and pre-exponential factors) for the two compounds were obtained by matching experimental measurement and the numerical solution. The results thus obtained were compared with rate parameters obtained using different methods. The activation energy was 483 and 283 kJ mol?1 for the formation of TiAl3 and Ni3Al, respectively. The temperature profiles calculated using the mathematical model were compared with experimental measurements for both aluminides which indicated reasonable agreement. Fine particle size and moderate preheating increase the SHS rates. 相似文献
A novel reaction scheme for transforming certain metal sulfides to the corresponding oxides has been developed. In this process,
steam oxidizes the sulfide into the oxide, and the hydrogen sulfide produced reacts with lime to form calcium sulfide and
regenerate steam. There is no net consumption or generation of gaseous species. Thus, the overall reaction can be carried
out in a closed system as far as the gas phase is concerned. This eliminates the possibility of emitting hydrogen sulfide
out of the reactor. Only certain metal sulfides are thermodynamically amenable to this treatment. In this paper, the reaction
of ZnS to ZnO by this scheme is described, together with a detailed formulation of the rate equation for the overall reaction
based on the kinetics of the component gas-solid reactions. Although the present work was done with CaO, other suitable oxides
may be used in its place. A further potential application of this process is to the selective oxidation of certain sulfide(s)
from complex sulfide ores as a treatment prior to the separation of minerals. 相似文献
Characterisation of a BioFET for detection of albumin in a mixture of human urine is presented. To avoid electrolyte effect of the urine, it was measured in PBS (phosphate buffer saline) at a fixed pH after albumin binding. The drain current was modulated by the albumin bound to the anti-albumin immobilised on the gate surface of the BioFET. The current variation ratio was likely to be proportional to the concentration of the albumin in the range 50-250 mg/1. The results show the feasibility of the BioFET as a urinary albumin sensor. 相似文献
Wafer-type piezoelectric transducers are effective transducers for the excitation and detection of ultrasonic Lamb waves in plate-like structures. Such transducers are, however, vulnerable to corrosion and physical damage when mounted in exposed locations. In this paper we describe an inductively coupled Lamb wave transducer that eliminates the need for direct electrical connections. Signals are coupled into and out of the transducer using two probe coils. In this paper we explore the operation of inductively coupled transducers both analytically and experimentally. Finite-element analysis is used to determine inductances and the coupling constant, and electrical circuit analysis to determine the transfer function and its dependence on the gap between the probe coils and the transducer. Experiments show that return signals of millivolt amplitude are obtained when the transducer is excited with 10-V amplitude pulses. These transducers are suitable for permanent mounting on structures to be monitored for cracks or flaws 相似文献
An experimental competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (morbillivirus cELISA) using a recombinant N antigen (rRPV N) expressed in a baculovirus and a ruminant morbillivirus (RPV and PPRV)-specific monoclonal antibody (P-13A9) was developed for simultaneous detection of rinderpest virus (RPV) and peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV) antibodies and its diagnostic performance was evaluated. A set of known reference antisera against RPV and PPRV belonging to different lineages, experimental sera from cattle vaccinated for a RPV of Asian lineage, and field sera from cattle and sheep/goat populations known to be positive (West Africa) and negative (Korea) for RPV and PPRV were used for the evaluation. Morbillivirus cELISA results on the panel of experimental RPV and PPRV antisera showed high correlation (r=0.97) between the whole virus and the rRPV N antigens, suggesting that the rRPV N contains a ruminant morbillivirus-specific antigenic determinant recognized by the P-13A9 and it may be suitable as an ELISA antigen in place of the whole virus. Morbillivirus cELISA detected anti-RPV and anti-PPRV antibodies in all reference RPV and PPRV antisera containing VN titers >/=1:8, suggesting that the assay can simultaneously detect antibodies against RPV and PPRV. Anti-RPV antibody was detected by morbillivirus cELISA in vaccinated cattle as early as the VNT and continued to be detectable by both the cELISA and the VNT until termination of the study. When applied to field samples from Africa, morbillivirus cELISA showed good agreement with a RP cELISA kit (kappa value of 0.86) in bovine sera and with a peste des petits ruminant cELISA kit (kappa value of 0.81) in caprine/ovine sera. Usefulness of morbillivirus cELISA using the rRPV N protein was discussed. 相似文献
We used the fluorescent labelled dopamine D1-receptor antagonist Bodipy-SCH 23390 for the cellular localization of D1-ligand binding sites in the retinae of different vertebrates (teleosts, Xenopus, turtle, rat and rabbit). Competition experiments with unfixed cryosections of fish retina were performed to characterize the binding conditions of Bodipy-labelled SCH 23390. Tissue bound [3H]SCH 23390 was displaceable with increased amounts of bodipy-SCH 23390. The pharmacological specificity of the D1 fluorescent antagonist was determined by competition experiments with an excess of unlabelled SCH 23390. This treatment significantly reduced the level of fluorescence of the retina confirming the specificity of the binding. We observed a homogeneously distributed fluorescence signal in both plexiform layers in unfixed cryosections of fish, frog, turtle, rat and rabbit. Similar staining intensities of both plexiform layers were found in frog, turtle, rat and rabbit retina. In teleosts, the label of the outer plexiform layer was markedly more intense. Non-specific label was associated with photoreceptor outer and inner segments. The specific labelling of both plexiform layers indicates a mismatch of dopamine releasing and D1-binding sites, and suggests a possible extrasynaptic localization of the D1-receptor. The physiological significance of the observed distribution of D1-ligand binding sites is discussed with respect to the role of dopamine in controlling adaptational processes in the retina. 相似文献
Niobium nitride superconducting films have been deposited by reactive rf magnetron sputtering. Polyepitaxial growth on MgO-coated substrates greatly improves the superconducting properties. The overall film resistivity is found to be widely dependent on the total pressure of the gas mixture. Samples with a negative temperature coefficient of resistance exhibit 3D weak localization effects as characterized by magnetoresistance measurements. The inelastic scattering time is found to vary as T–p with p2, in the temperature range Tc-3Tc.Laboratoire associé au C.N.R.S. 相似文献
Predicting remaining useful life (RUL) is crucial for system maintenance. Condition monitoring makes not only degradation data available for RUL estimation but also categorized health status data for health state identification. However, RUL prediction has been treated as an independent process in most cases even though potential relevance exists with health status detection process. In this paper, we propose a convolution neural network based multi-task learning method to reflect the relatedness of RUL estimation with health status detection process. The proposed method applied to the C-MAPSS dataset for aero-engine unit prognostics supported superior performances to existing baseline models.