基于TTL的Web缓存过滤效果

文章研究了基于TTL的Web缓存层次过滤效果，业务量性质对基于TTL的动态Web缓存系统的性能有重要影响。在层次缓存中，由于只有错失的请求才会被转发给下一级缓存，因而逐级对业务量存在过滤作用，业务量性质随之改变。文章利用仿真研究了基于TTL的动态Web缓存层次过滤对业务量的影响。重点考察了请求到达间隔模型及对象流行度分布的变化。     

Analysis and optimization of DS-CDMA systems with time-limited partial response chip waveforms

Conventional direct sequence code division multiple access systems (DS-CDMA) using offset quadrature phase shift key (OQPSK) usually employ a strictly bandlimited partial response square-root raised cosine pulse as the chip waveform. They have the disadvantage of large envelope fluctuation that will incur performance degradation due to the intermodulation and bandwidth enlargement caused by post nonlinear processing. To improve the performance of DS-CDMA systems, the chip waveform and receiver should be properly selected. This paper presents a systematic performance analysis of a matched filter receiver and zero-forcing filter (ZF) receiver for DS-CDMA using a time-limited partial response chip waveform. Nevertheless the systematic performance analysis is applicable to bandlimited chip pulse as well. For the zero-forcing filters, we propose to select the frequency responses that satisfy the first Nyquist criterion. With this class of filters, we can choose the roll-off factor to minimize the total power of multiple access interference and noise power. The zero-forcing filter with proper choice of roll-off factor, referred to as optimum ZF, yields a performance better than the matched filter counterpart. The bit error rate (BER) performance of the optimum ZF with superposed quadrature amplitude modulation signal as the time pulse waveform is evaluated. It is shown that the optimum ZF provides better BER performance than conventional OQPSK and minimum shift keying, and its envelope uniformity is much better than that of OQPSK.     

End-to-end differentiation of congestion and wireless losses

In this paper, we explore end-to-end loss differentiation algorithms (LDAs) for use with congestion-sensitive video transport protocols for networks with either backbone or last-hop wireless links. As our basic video transport protocol, we use UDP in conjunction with a congestion control mechanism extended with an LDA. For congestion control, we use the TCP-Friendly Rate Control (TFRC) algorithm. We extend TFRC to use an LDA when a connection uses at least one wireless link in the path between the sender and receiver. We then evaluate various LDAs under different wireless network topologies, competing traffic, and fairness scenarios to determine their effectiveness. In addition to evaluating LDAs derived from previous work, we also propose and evaluate a new LDA, ZigZag, and a hybrid LDA, ZBS, that selects among base LDAs depending upon observed network conditions. We evaluate these LDAs via simulation, and find that no single base algorithm performs well across all topologies and competition. However, the hybrid algorithm performs well across topologies and competition, and in some cases exceeds the performance of the best base LDA for a given scenario. All of the LDAs are reasonably fair when competing with TCP, and their fairness among flows using the same LDA depends on the network topology. In general, ZigZag and the hybrid algorithm are the fairest among all LDAs.     

Training sequence design and channel estimation of OFDM-CDMA broadband wireless access networks with diversity techniques

In this paper, an OFDM-CDMA system employing various diversity schemes is considered for a possible candidate of broadband wireless access networks and broadcasting applications. With an emphasis on a preamble design for multi-channel separation, we address a channel estimation based on the time-domain windowing and its imperfectness in OFDM-based multiple-antenna transmission systems. By properly designing each preamble for multiple antennas to be orthogonal in the time domain, the channel estimation can be applied to the HIPERLAN/2 and IEEE 802.11a standards in the case of more than two transmit antennas. Also, the effect of diversity techniques on the performance of OFDM-CDMA based broadband wireless access networks is investigated and the maximum achievable diversity gain for a two-path Rayleigh fading environment is evaluated. Simulation results show that the OFDM-CDMA system applying a space-time-frequency diversity with a full-rate full diversity code can give the diversity of D=4 and D=8 for both multi-user cases of maximum user and half user capacities, respectively.     

意大利移动市场考察报告

截至2002年4月底,意大利的移动通信用户数已超过5200万,普及率高达88%,用户规模仅次于德国,是欧洲第二大移动通信市场。目前,意大利共有4家GSM移动运营商:TIM,OmnitelVodafone,Wind和Blu,分别占有市场份额的46.7%、34.4%、15.3%和3.6%。意大利的运营商早在1998年就开始了移动互联网业务的市场培育工作,现在,移动互联网业务收入在意大利各运营商的总业务收入中已经占到10%～15%的比例。意大利的3G牌照是通过拍卖的方式颁发,OmnitelVodafone,TIM,Wind,IPSE2000,Wind,和H3G五家运营商获得了3G执照。ReportofStudyTouro     

电阻层析成像系统中的信号采集

电阻层析成像技术(Electrical Resistance Tomography,简称ERT)是一种可用于液-固,气-液两相流检测的一种高新测量技术.文章主要介绍ERT系统的概念与应用、ERT系统硬件构成、设计方案、器件选择,以及如何利用单片机C8051F040实现对传感器各模块功能的控制、A/D转换,从而完成对应用于ERT系统的微弱信号采集.     

FPGA中浮点乘法器的实现

该文设计的适合于在FPGA中实现的乘法器结构,采用自定义的26位浮点数据格式,利用改进的基4Booth编码方式,以及CSA和4-2压缩器综合的Wallace 树形结构,在尾数的舍入中应用基于预测和选择的快速舍入方法,优化了乘法器的性能.最后给出在PFGA中的仿真结果,验证了设计的正确性,并和32位浮点数据格式的运算结果作比较,发现本设计不但减少占用FPGA内部资源,而且加快了运算速度.     

基于肖特基栅共振隧穿三极管的器件模拟与实验分析

通过流片,制作出肖特基栅共振隧穿三极管（SGRTT） .根据ATLAS软件的模拟发现,当发射极接地,集电极接外加偏压时,栅极电压对于SGRTT的电流起到明显的控制作用.当集电极接地,栅极电压会主要影响峰值电压,其原因是栅极电压和发射极、集电极的电场分布将会改变耗尽区的分布.实验测试结果对这种现象也予以证实.     

量子限制效应对限制在多量子阱中受主束缚能的影响

从实验和理论上,研究了量子限制效应对限制在GaAs/AIAs多量子阱中受主对重窄穴束缚能的影响.实验中所用的样品是通过分子束外延技术生长的一系列GaAs/AIAs多量子阱,量子阱宽度从3nm到20nm,并且在量子阱中央进行了浅受主铍(Be)原子的δ掺杂.在4,20,40,80和120K不同温度下,分别对上述系列样品进行了光致发光谱(PL)的测量,清楚地观察到了受主束缚激子从ls3/2(Г6)基态到同种宇称2s3/2(Г6)激发态的两空穴跃迁,并且从实验上测得了在不同量子阱宽度下受主的束缚能.理论上应用量子力学中的变分原理,数值计算了受主对重空穴束缚能随量子阱宽度的变化关系,比较发现理论计算和实验结果符合较好.     

激光高度计接收脉冲回波信号分析器

激光高度计接收脉冲回波是叠加有噪声的多重非高斯波形,有效提取非高斯波形的统计参量对于反演目标高度和种类信息是十分关键的。基于接收脉冲回波信号的特点,利用广义高斯函数模型完成接收脉冲回波信号的数学建模。通过对接收脉冲回波的平滑滤波和初始参数获取,并采用非线性最小二乘算法,开发了一种提取接收脉冲回波统计参量的波形分析器。利用波形分析器对仿真的回波波形进行了处理,结果表明,对于15 dB的单个广义高斯波形,其统计参量的最大提取误差不超过1%。随着广义高斯分量个数的增加以及回波信噪比的降低,统计参量的提取误差有所增加。利用波形分析器能够有效地提取回波波形的统计参量,为反演目标信息提供数据依据。