Node cooperation in hybrid ad hoc networks

A hybrid ad hoc network is a structure-based network that is extended using multihop communications. Indeed, in this kind of network, the existence of a communication link between the mobile station and the base station is not required: A mobile station that has no direct connection with a base station can use other mobile stations as relays. Compared with conventional (single-hop) structure-based networks, this new generation can lead to a better use of the available spectrum and to a reduction of infrastructure costs. However, these benefits would vanish if the mobile nodes did not properly cooperate and forward packets for other nodes. In this paper, we propose a charging and rewarding scheme to encourage the most fundamental operation, namely packet forwarding. We use "MAC layering" to reduce the space overhead in the packets and a stream cipher encryption mechanism to provide "implicit. authentication" of the nodes involved in the communication. We analyze the robustness of our protocols against rational and malicious attacks. We show that-using our solution-collaboration is rational for selfish nodes. We also show that our protocols thwart rational attacks and detect malicious attacks.     

异丁醛氧化制丙酮热导气相色谱分析

本工作用２米４０１有机担体填充柱，在带四臂热导检测器的国产１０３型气相色谱仪上，仅８分钟将原料异丁醛、产物丙酮及水进行良好分离，并采用内标法定量，其最大平均偏差在±２％以内。方法简单、快速、准确     

Fracture mechanics global approach concepts applied to creep slow crack growth in a medium density polyethylene (MDPE)

Creep fracture by slow crack growth is studied in a medium density polyethylene at 60 °C and 80 °C. Whereas elastic-plastic fracture mechanics load parameters fail to provide a unique temperature-independent correlation, that of the fracture mechanics for creeping solids C^∗ is proved to be relevant since this parameter correlates very well with the time to failure. Correlation established on both full notched creep tensile and double edge notched tensile tests was validated on cracked gas-pipe samples tested under hydrostatic pressure, extending the use of time to failure versus C^∗ diagram to predict lifetime of engineering components.     

Influence of thermal boundary conditions on natural convection in a square enclosure partially heated from below

Natural convection in air-filled 2D square enclosure heated with a constant source from below and cooled from above is studied numerically for a variety of thermal boundary conditions at the top and sidewalls. Simulations are performed for two kinds of lengths of the heated source, i.e., a small and a large source corresponding to 20% and 80% of the total length of the bottom wall, respectively. The Rayleigh number varied from 10³ to 10⁷. Results are presented in the form of streamline and isotherm plots as well as the variation of the Nusselt number and maximum temperature at the heat source surface. Comparisons among the different thermal configurations considered are reported.     

Effect of surfactant replacement therapy on the outcome of premature infants with respiratory distress syndrome

Lung surfactant replacement has been tested clinically in recent years. In this study the outcome of 31 premature infants with moderate to severe neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) treated with surfactant was compared to that of 74 prematures with RDS treated conventionally by positive pressure ventilation and supportive care. The groups were well matched for gestational age, birthweight, sex, and Apgar scores at 1 and 5 min. Surfactant treatment resulted in a significant decrease in mortality--from 36.6% in the untreated group to 12.9% in the surfactant-treated group (P < 0.04). This improvement in survival was seen also in prematures with a birthweight < 1,000 g; in the untreated group mortality was 57.6% compared to 23.5% in the treated group (P < 0.05). The incidence of pneumothorax was lower in the treated group--42% vs. 13% (P < 0.01). Surfactant treatment resulted in a trend of more survivors without bronchopulmonary dysplasia or intraventricular hemorrhage, even though surfactant therapy did not change the incidence of either.     

基于CFD分析技术的水力优化设计方法在云南绿水河二级电站机组改造项目中的应用

云南绿水河二级电站高水头混流式水轮发电机组,由于受到当时的技术水平限制,自1969年设备投运后问题较多,电站进行了多次技术改造,但机组仍然存在机组效率低下、汽蚀和泥沙磨损问题,同时由于转轮的过流能力有限,远没有充分利用现有水力资源,本次电站改造的目标是提效增容,充分利用水力资源,改善汽蚀性能和解决泥沙磨损问题,保证机长期安全稳定运行,改造范围是对2号、3号和4号机组进行全面改造.电站改造采用基于CFD技术的水力优化设计方法的核心技术对电站存在的问题进行了针对性设计,给出了行之有效的全面解决方案,成功地完成了电站改造目标.     

Stable feature selection based on instance learning,redundancy elimination and efficient subsets fusion

Neural Computing and Applications - Feature selection is frequently used as a preprocessing step to data mining and is attracting growing attention due to the increasing amounts of data emerging...     

Blowtooth: a provocative pervasive game for smuggling virtual drugs through real airport security

In this paper, we describe a pervasive game, Blowtooth, in which players use their mobile phones to hide virtual drugs on nearby airline passengers in real airport check-in queues. After passing through airport security, the player must find and recover their drugs from the innocent bystanders, without them ever realising they were involved in the game. The game explores the nature of pervasive game playing in environments that are not, generally, regarded as playful or “fun”. This paper describes the game’s design and implementation as well as an evaluation conducted with participants in real airports. It explores the players’ reactions to the game through questionnaire responses and in-game activity. The technologies used in Blowtooth are, intentionally, simple in order for the enjoyment of the game to be reliant more on the physical environment rather than the enabling technologies. We conclude that situating pervasive games in unexpected and challenging environments, such as international airports, may provide interesting and unique gaming experiences for players. In addition, we argue that pervasive games benefit most from using the specific features and nature of interesting real-world environments rather than focusing on the enabling technologies.     

Retraction of “Using ergonomic digital human modeling in evaluation of workplace design and prevention of workrelated musculoskeletal disorders onboard small fishing vessel”

The following article from Human Factors and Ergonomics in Manufacturing & Service Industries, “Using ergonomic digital human modeling in evaluation of workplace design and prevention of workrelated musculoskeletal disorders onboard small fishing vessel,” by Enrique Álvarez‐Casado, Bing Zhang, Sonia Tello Sandoval and Mondelo Pedro, published online on October 11, 2011 in Wiley Online Library ( www.onlinelibrary.wiley.com ), has been retracted by agreement between the authors, the journal Editors‐in‐Chief, Waldemar Karwowski and Gavriel Salvendy, and Publisher Wiley Periodicals, Inc. The retraction has been agreed as these articles were mistakenly published after being rejected.