We propose a model of the shape, motion and appearance of a scene, seen through a sequence of images, that captures occlusions,
scene deformations, unconstrained viewpoint variations and changes in its radiance. This model is based on a collection of
overlapping layers that can move and deform, each supporting an intensity function that can change over time. We discuss the
generality and limitations of this model in relation to existing ones such as traditional optical flow or motion segmentation,
layers, deformable templates and deformotion. We then illustrate how this model can be used for inference of shape, motion,
deformation and appearance of the scene from a collection of images. The layering structure allows for automatic inpainting
of partially occluded regions. We illustrate the model on synthetic and real sequences where existing schemes fail, and show
how suitable choices of constants in the model yield existing schemes, from optical flow to motion segmentation and inpainting. 相似文献
This paper introduces a tabu search heuristic for a production scheduling problem with sequence-dependent and time-dependent
setup times on a single machine. The problem consists in scheduling a set of dependent jobs, where the transition between
two jobs comprises an unrestricted setup that can be performed at any time, and a restricted setup that must be performed
outside of a given time interval which repeats daily in the same position. The setup time between two jobs is thus a function
of the completion time of the first job. The tabu search heuristic relies on shift and swap moves, and a surrogate objective
function is used to speed-up the neighborhood evaluation. Computational experiments show that the proposed heuristic consistently
finds better solutions in less computation time than a recent branch-and-cut algorithm. Furthermore, on instances where the
branch-and-cut algorithm cannot find the optimal solution, the heuristic always identifies a better solution. 相似文献
In this paper we focus on the aggregation of IDS alerts, an important component of the alert fusion process. We exploit fuzzy measures and fuzzy sets to design simple and robust alert aggregation algorithms. Exploiting fuzzy sets, we are able to robustly state whether or not two alerts are “close in time”, dealing with noisy and delayed detections. A performance metric for the evaluation of fusion systems is also proposed. Finally, we evaluate the fusion method with alert streams from anomaly-based IDS. 相似文献
Mechanical stimuli have been shown to enhance chondrogenesis on both animal and human chondrocytes cultured in vitro. Different mechanical stimuli act simultaneously in vivo in cartilage tissue and their effects have been extensively studied in vitro, although often in a separated manner. A new bioreactor is described where different mechanical stimuli, i.e. shear stress and hydrostatic pressure, can be combined in different ways to study the mechanobiology of tissue engineered cartilage. Shear stress is imposed on cells by forcing the culture medium through the scaffolds, whereas a high hydrostatic pressure up to 15 MPa is generated by pressurizing the culture medium. Fluid-dynamic experimental tests have been performed and successful validation of the bioreactor has been carried out by dynamic culture of tissue-engineered cartilage constructs. The bioreactor system allows the investigation of the combined effects of different mechanical stimuli on the development of engineered cartilage, as well as other possible three-dimensional tissue-engineered constructs. 相似文献
Anti-reflective (AR) boundary conditions (BC) have been introduced recently in connection with fast deblurring algorithms,
both in the case of signals and images. Here we extend such BCs to d dimensions (d ≥ 1) and we study in detail the algebra induced by the AR-BCs, with strongly symmetric point spread functions (PSF), both
from a structural and computational point of view. The use of the re-blurring idea and the computational features of the AR-algebra
allow us to apply Tikhonov-like techniques within O(nd log(n)) arithmetic operations, where nd is the number of pixels of the reconstructed object. Extensive numerical experimentation concerning 2D images and strongly
symmetric PSFs confirms the effectiveness of our proposal.
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A review of literature data for nitric oxide decomposition over Cu-ZSM-5 catalysts leads us to conclude that the turnover frequency depends on the Si/Al atomic ratio in a way opposite to the trend suggested by Iwamoto and co-workers and considered correct by Shelef in a recent letter published in this Journal. In particular we show that the turnover frequency increases with the number of Al atoms per unit cell (i.e. decreasing the Si/Al atomic ratio). This result suggests that the most active sites for NO decomposition over Cu-ZSM-5 catalysts may contain two close copper ions. 相似文献
The joint estimation of the location vector and the shape matrix of a set of independent and identically Complex Elliptically Symmetric (CES) distributed observations is investigated from both the theoretical and computational viewpoints. This joint estimation problem is framed in the original context of semiparametric models allowing us to handle the (generally unknown) density generator as an infinite-dimensional nuisance parameter. In the first part of the paper, a computationally efficient and memory saving implementation of the robust and semiparmaetric efficient R-estimator for shape matrices is derived. Building upon this result, in the second part, a joint estimator, relying on the Tyler’s M-estimator of location and on the R-estimator of shape matrix, is proposed and its Mean Squared Error (MSE) performance compared with the Semiparametric Cramér-Rao Bound (SCRB).
A critical overview of the latest developments in the aluminum battery technologies is reported. The substitution of lithium with alternative metal anodes characterized by lower cost and higher abundance is nowadays one of the most widely explored paths to reduce the cost of electrochemical storage systems and enable long‐term sustainability. Aluminum based secondary batteries could be a viable alternative to the present Li‐ion technology because of their high volumetric capacity (8040 mAh cm?3 for Al vs 2046 mAh cm?3 for Li). Additionally, the low cost aluminum makes these batteries appealing for large‐scale electrical energy storage. Here, we describe the evolution of the various aluminum systems, starting from those based on aqueous electrolytes to, in more details, those based on non‐aqueous electrolytes. Particular attention has been dedicated to the latest development of electrolytic media characterized by low reactivity towards other cell components. The attention is then focused on electrode materials enabling the reversible aluminum intercalation‐deintercalation process. Finally, we touch on the topic of high‐capacity aluminum‐sulfur batteries, attempting to forecast their chances to reach the status of practical energy storage systems. 相似文献