Abrasion-Resistant and Enhanced Super-Slippery Flush Toilets Fabricated by a Selective Laser Sintering 3D Printing Technology

Flush toilets waste a significant amount of water every day due to the unavoidable adhesions between human waste and the toilet surfaces. Super-slippery surfaces can repel complex fluids and various viscoelastic solids, however, are easily broken by mechanical abrasions. Herein, the fabrication of an abrasion-resistant super-slippery flush toilet (ARSFT) is reported using a selective laser sintering 3D printing technology. Unlike traditional super-slippery surfaces with limited thicknesses which can be easily worn away, the powder-sintered strategy endows the ARSFT not only with a self-supporting 3D complex shape but also with a porous structure that can accommodate considerable lubricants for an abrasion-resistant super-slippery property. As a result, the as-prepared ARSFT remains clean after contacting with various liquids such as milk, yogurt, highly sticky honey, and starch gel mixed congee, demonstrating excellent repellence to complex fluids. Besides liquids, the ARSFT exhibits a high resistance to sticky synthetic feces. Notably, even after being abraded to 1,000 cycles of abrasion using sandpaper, the ARSFT maintains its record-breaking super-slippery capability. The concept of the 3D-printed object with a superior abrasion-resistant slippery ability will improve the development of super-slippery materials and further save water consumption in the human society.     

Peptidyl Virus-Like Nanovesicles as Reconfigurable “Trojan Horse” for Targeted siRNA Delivery and Synergistic Inhibition of Cancer Cells

The self-assembly of peptidyl virus-like nanovesicles (pVLNs) composed of highly ordered peptide bilayer membranes that encapsulate the small interfering RNA (siRNA) is reported. The targeting and enzyme-responsive sequences on the bilayer's surface allow the pVLNs to enter cancer cells with high efficiency and control the release of genetic drugs in response to the subcellular environment. By transforming its structure in response to the highly expressed enzyme matrix metalloproteinase 7 (MMP-7) in cancer cells, it helps the siRNA escape from the lysosomes, resulting in a final silencing efficiency of 92%. Moreover, the pVLNs can serve as reconfigurable “Trojan horse” by transforming into membranes triggered by the MMP-7 and disrupting the cytoplasmic structure, thereby achieving synergistic anticancer effects and 96% cancer cell mortality with little damage to normal cells. The pVLNs benefit from their biocompatibility, targeting, and enzyme responsiveness, making them a promising platform for gene therapy and anticancer therapy.     

Morphological Models for the Collapse of Area Features in Digital Map Generalization

Collapse is an essential operation for the manipulation of area features in digital data generalization. This operation can be categorized into two types: complete collapse and partial collapse. The former is composed of another two types: area-to-point and area-to-line collapse. In this paper, a set of algebraic models built upon the operators in mathematical morphology is described for the area-to-line collapse and partial collapse operations. For the area-to-line collapse operation, a modified skeleton algorithm is presented. For the partial collapse operation, a procedure is designed which consists of a set of operations, i.e., the skeletonization, separation of areal and linear parts, simplification of areas and an overlay operation. These models are tested using real map data sets.     

NK cells can recognize different forms of class I MHC

NK recognition and lysis of targets are mediated by activation receptor(s) whose effects may be over-ridden by inhibitory receptors recognizing class I MHC on the target. Incubation of normal lymphoblasts with a peptide that can bind to their class I MHC renders them sensitive to lysis by syngeneic NK cells. By binding to class I MHC, the peptide alters or masks the target structure recognized by an inhibitory NK receptor(s). This target structure is most likely an "empty" dimer of class I heavy chain and beta2m as opposed to a "full" class I trimer formed by binding of specific peptide that is recognized by CTL.     

数据库技术在仪器分析控制和管理中的应用

在系统工程和软件工程相结合的基础上,利用数据库管理系统（DBMS）进行仪器分析的控制和管理;对仪器分析控制和管理信息系统（MIS）的开发环境、系统结构与开发中的关键技术作了介绍．     

天平调节装置棉层标准厚度范围的探讨

分析计算了清棉机上两种棉层标准厚度范围大小,即工艺所要求的棉层厚度范围及天平调节装置允许的棉层厚度范围。探讨了棉层平均厚度过小时天平调节装置失效的原因及解决办法     

铲齿成形铣刀重磨误差的分析和重磨前角的优化

本文先提出了γｆ＞０的铲齿成形铣刀因重磨而引起的廓形高度误差的计算方法,分析了重磨误差的规律。在此基础上又进一步提出了重磨前角的修正和优化。     

滚子丝杠副的原理分析

本文分析了滚子丝杠副的运动原理及啮合原理,推导出参数计算公式并由啮合原理求出了滚子的空间螺旋面方程。     

大功率柴油机机体隔板三维有限元强度分析

横隔板是大功率Ｖ型柴油机机体的承力系统．本文运用有限元法对其强度进行了三维数值分析,模型中考虑了工作载荷和装配力的共同作用,以及结构的接触问题,得出了结构的应力和变形参数,为机体的设计提供了依据．     

Laser direct-write gray-level mask and one-step etching for diffractive microlens fabrication

High-efficiency diffractive optical elements can be achieved by an increase in the number of phase levels. We present a technique for laser direct-write gray-level masks on high-energy-beam-sensitive glass and one-step etching on the gray-level mask plate for the production of high-efficiency diffractive optical elements. Sixteen-phase-level diffractive microlenses and microlens arrays with a focusing efficiency of approximately 94% have been realized by use of the one-step nonphotolithographic fabrication technique.