Vision safety system based on cellular neural networks

This work is dedicated to develop a safety measurement for human–machine cooperative system, in which the machine region and the human region cannot be separated due to the overlap and the movement both from human and from machines. Modern production processes become more and more flexible. Therefore, there is a need that devices used in workplace also support flexibility as much as possible. Such characteristics have vision-based protective devices. We present a neural system for the advanced recognition of danger situation for safety control. The sequence of the images from two cameras located above the robot is presented to the system of cellular neural networks (CNNs) realized in the PC computer. They detect a new object appearing in a safety field, define its position with respect to the robot arm and perform the feature extraction of its image. Experiments conducted using artificial images (virtual environment) and low-quality images (internet cameras) indicate that our system can work in a real time and detect successively dangerous situations. We have found that the CNN is unable to detect a new object properly in the presence of high level of noise as a result of percolation type phase transition. An example of possible application of the system is presented.     

82B盘条拉伸试验中黑心白点断口的成因

大规格的 82B 盘条在拉伸试验中发现,力学性能差的断口均为脆性平齐断口,并且断口上总有1~2个黑心,每个黑心上均有1个白点,将这种断口称为 黑心白点断口(简称BCWPF).对常用直径(10.0、12.5、14.0 mm)的这种黑心白点断口,用体式显微镜观察宏观形貌,用电镜观察微观形貌,用能谱进行微区元素分析,对断口材料本身的组织和夹杂物进行定性定量分析,发现断口的黑心白点主要由氧化铝类和硫化物类非金属夹杂物组成,部分还有球状氧化物类和硅酸盐类夹杂物.通过使用不含铝的硅锰脱氧剂来降低氧化铝夹杂,深脱硫来降低硫化物类夹杂,夹杂物的塑性改造后,拉伸断口的黑心白点现象明显减少,盘条的力学性能得到显著提高.     

Stabilization of a system modeling temperature and porosity fields in a Kelvin�CVoigt-type mixture

In this paper, we investigate the asymptotic behavior of solutions to the initial boundary value problem for the interaction between the temperature field and the porosity fields in a homogeneous and isotropic mixture from the linear theory of porous Kelvin?CVoigt materials. Our main result is to establish conditions which insure the analyticity and the exponential stability of the corresponding semigroup. We show that under certain conditions for the coefficients we obtain a lack of exponential stability. A numerical scheme is given.     

Photovoltaic Function and Exciton/Charge Transfer Dynamics in a Highly Efficient Semiconducting Copolymer

Exciton dissociation is a key step for the light energy conversion to electricity in organic photovoltaic (OPV) devices. Here, excitonic dissociation pathways in the high‐performance, low bandgap “in‐chain donor–acceptor” polymer PTB7 by transient optical absorption (TA) spectroscopy in solutions, neat films, and bulk heterojunction (BHJ) PTB7:PC₇₁BM (phenyl‐C₇₁‐butyric acid methyl ester) films are investigated. The dynamics and energetics of the exciton and intra‐/intermolecular charge separated states are characterized. A distinct, dynamic, spectral red‐shift of the polymer cation is observed in the BHJ films in TA spectra following electron transfer from the polymer to PC₇₁BM, which can be attributed to the time evolution of the hole–electron spatial separation after exciton splitting. Effects of film morphology are also investigated and compared to those of conjugated homopolymers. The enhanced charge separation along the PTB7 alternating donor–acceptor backbone is understood by intramolecular charge separation through polarized, delocalized excitons that lower the exciton binding energy. Consequently, ultrafast charge separation and transport along these polymer backbones reduce carrier recombination in these largely amorphous films. This charge separation mechanism explains why higher degrees of PCBM intercalation within BHJ matrices enhances exciton splitting and charge transport, and thus increase OPV performance. This study proposes new guidelines for OPV materials development.     

The steady-state oscillations of the elastic infinite cone loaded at a vertex by a concentrated force

In the proposed paper, a new problem on the steady-state oscillations of an elastic infinite cone is solved for the point oscillating force enclosed to a cone??s vertex. On a cone??s conic surface, the stresses are given. The auxiliary problem for a cone truncated by a spherical surface is formulated with the aim to obtain the solution of the initial problem. The solution is constructed with the help of the integral transformation method and the method of Green??s function. The limiting transition in the solution??s formulas is carried out to obtain the exact solution of the initial problem. The calculation of the displacements and the stress wave field of the cone is performed.     

Three-dimensional Fe speciation of an inclusion cloud within an ultradeep diamond by confocal μ-X-ray absorption near edge structure: evidence for late stage overprint

A stream of 1-20 μm sized mineral inclusions having the negative crystal shape of its host within an "ultra-deep" diamond from Rio Soriso (Juina area, Mato Grosso State, Brazil) has been studied with confocal μ-X-ray absorption near edge structure (μXANES) at the Fe K and Mn K edges. This technique allows the three-dimensional nondestructive speciation of the Fe and Mn containing minerals within the inclusion cloud. The observed Fe-rich inclusions were identified to be ferropericlase (Fe,Mg)O, hematite and a mixture of these two minerals. Confocal μ-X-ray fluorescence (μXRF) further showed that Ca-rich inclusions were present as well, which are spatially separated from or in close contact with the Fe-rich inclusions. The inclusions are aligned along a plane, which most likely represents a primary growth zone. In the close vicinity of the inclusions, carbon coated planar features are visible. The three-dimensional distribution indicates a likely fluid overprint along an open crack. Our results imply that an imposed negative diamond shape of an inclusion alone does not exclude epigenetic formation or intense late stage overprint.     

Treatment of periodontal defects in dogs using an injectable composite hydrogel/biphasic calcium phosphate

An injectable composite silanized hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose/biphasic calcium phosphate (Si-HPMC/BCP) has been investigated in humans with promising results. The aim of this study was to evaluate his efficacy for treating periodontal defects (canine fenestration and premolar furcation) in dog models. At 3?months, we observed that bone formation around BCP particles in furcation model is more discernible but not statistically significant in defects filled with Si-HPMC/BCP compared to healing in control. We suggest that BCP particles sustain the bone healing process by osteoconduction, while the Si-HPMC hydrogel enhances intergranular cohesion and acts as an exclusion barrier. Furthermore, bone ingrowth is not so distinctive in superficial defects where the biomaterial appears unstable. These results with Si-HPMC/BCP are encouraging. In addition, this biomaterial is easy to use and simplifies the process of filling periodontal lesions. However, more researches are needed to improve the viscosity and hardness to adjust the material to the specificities of periodontal defects.     

Lorentz Force Flowmeter for Liquid Aluminum: Laboratory Experiments and Plant Tests

This article aims to demonstrate that molten metal flow at a high temperature can be measured effectively in a contactless manner by using external direct current magnetic fields. The device applied in the present work is termed Lorentz force flowmeter (LFF) and is based on exposing the flow to a magnet system and measuring the drag force acting on it. Two series of measurements are reported. In the first series, we perform a model experiment in the laboratory using the eutectic alloy GaInSn, which is liquid at room temperature. The second series of measurements is devoted to two plant tests on flow measurement of a liquid aluminum alloy. In both tests, the force acting on the magnet system is measured that is equal to the Lorentz force acting on the flow. To generalize our results, we also derive the scaling law that relates the force acting on a localized magnet system to the flow rate of a fluid with arbitrary electrical conductivity. This law shows that LFF, if properly designed, has a wide range of potential applications in ferrous and nonferrous metallurgy.