Analysis of Measured Data in Unbalanced Distribution System and Method of Making of Distribution System Model for Analyzing

In recent years, rapid introduction of photovoltaic power systems (PVs) causes voltage rise in distribution systems. In addition, residential PVs cause voltage unbalance in distribution systems. For these reasons, it has become difficult to control voltage in distribution systems to within the allowable range. Therefore, it is necessary to consider the voltage unbalance suppression method corresponding to the measured data in unbalanced distribution systems. Thus, we measured voltage on the distribution lines that are expected to large voltage imbalance and analyzed the reality of voltage unbalance. Also, static VAR compensator is suitable for voltage unbalance suppression, although it is expensive. Therefore, we make the distribution system model using the measured voltage in distribution systems to verify the voltage unbalance suppression effect.     

Increase in Curd Tension of Milk Coagulum Prepared with Immobilized Proteases

Curd tension of milk clotted by nine proteases in immobilized or soluble forms was measured by a curd tension meter. In the curd prepared by trypsin, α-chymotrypsin, papain, thermolysin or alkaline-protease in a soluble form, the increasing rate of curd tension was definitely smaller than that of curd formed by rennet. However, curd tension increased linearly when the extent of proteolysis was controlled by employing these proteases in an immobilized form. The amounts of TCA-soluble nitrogenous compounds and sialic acid released at the beginning of clotting were kept constant throughout the incubation time.     

Sialyloligosaccharides of Delipidated Egg Yolk Fraction

Delipidated egg yolk (DEY) was homogenized and centrifuged. The supernatant was dialyzed by ultrafiltration using a molecular weight cut-off of 1,000. The asparagine-linked oligosaccharides in the concentrate were liberated from protein by hydrazinolysis and labeled with UV-absorbingp-amionbenzoic ethyl ester (ABEE). The ABEE-derivatized oligosaccharides were fractionated by anion exchange and reverse-phase HPLC. The total sialyloligosaccharides from the water-soluble DEY fraction, were about 47.7% monosialyl and 50.6% di-sialyloligosaccharides. The structures of 3 predominant sialyloligosaccharides were determined by NMR. They were of the biantennary complex-type, accounting for about 33.6% of the total sialyloligosaccharides of the DEY water-soluble fraction.     

Feedback controls for pole subset assignment

A pole assignment problem for multi-input linear systems is discussed. In conventional pole assignment problems, an input is concerned with all poles simultaneously or it assigns only a specified subset of poles. Here we propose a design method which makes each input assign an arbitrary subset of poles. Thus when we replace a pole by using this method, it is enough to reconstruct only the corresponding input.     

Set-point changing for non-linear systems

In many control systems, we sometimes face a situation such that we have to change the set-point of the system in the course of operation. Theoretically ‘set-point changing’ means letting the system be at another equilibrium point. If the system is linear, this operation presents no problem because the properties of linear systems are always global. However, in non-linear systems, this type of global operation has many unsolved problems. We only know experimentally that, if the system is locally stable at every equilibrium point, then we can slowly change the set-point without exciting unstable motion. This paper proposes a theoretically guaranteed method of changing the set-point of non-linear systems and showing a sufficient condition needed for this operation.     

Theoretical Model of Impact Damage in Structural Ceramics

This paper presents a mechanistically consistent model of impact damage based on elastic failures due to tensile and shear overloading. An elastic axisymmetric finite element model is used to determine the dynamic stresses generated by a single particle impact. Local failures in a finite element are assumed to occur when the primary/secondary principal stresses or the maximum shear stress reach critical tensile or shear stresses, respectively. The succession of failed elements thus models macrocrack growth. Sliding motions of cracks, which closed during unloading, are resisted by friction and the unrecovered deformation represents the "plastic deformation" reported in the literature. The predicted ring cracks on the contact surface, as well as the cone cracks, median cracks, radial cracks, lateral cracks, and damage-induced porous zones in the interior of hot-pressed silicon nitride plates, matched those observed experimentally. The finite element model also predicted the uplifting of the free surface surrounding the impact site.     

Development of Flexible Piezoelectric Strain Sensor Array

In this paper, we present a novel flexible sensor array manufacturing process that involves transfer printing methods using a chip mounter with a vacuum collet. We successfully transfer‐printed continuously very fragile microelectromechanical systems (MEMS)‐based 5‐mm‐long, 1‐mm‐wide, 5‐μm‐thick high‐aspect‐ratio ultrathin PZT (1.9 μm)/Si (3 μm) strain sensors onto a polyimide based flexible printed‐circuit (FPC) substrate with etched Cu wiring. Then, we connected the sensors to the Cu wiring by printing insulating and conductive pastes using a screen printer. The output voltage based on the deformation behavior of the test plate was generated from the flexible piezoelectric strain sensor array attached to the plate. Therefore, the developed piezoelectric sensor array is capable of easily performing the distribution measurement of the strain leading to damage such as cracks.     

α-松油烯为原料的单萜衍生物合成及其构造解析

把α-松油烯与马来酸酐的分子间Diels-Alder环加成反应产物1-甲基-4-（1-甲基乙基）-双环[2．2．2]-5-辛烯-2,3-二酸酐（1）,在甲醇溶剂中,用Raney Ni为催化剂进行加氢,获得了加氢产物1-甲基-4-（1-甲基乙基）-双环[2．2．2]辛烷-2,3-二酸酐（2）,然后,对化合物1和2分别进行加水分解反应获得了二羧酸化合物1-甲基-4-（1-甲基乙基）-双环[2．2.2]-5-辛烯-2,3-二羧酸（3）和-个新化合物1-甲基-4-（1-甲基乙基）-双环[2．2．2]辛烷-2,3-二羧酸（4）。用^1HNMR（^1H-^1H Cosy）以及^13CNMR（DEPT,HMQC,HMBC,NNE,INADEQUATE）高分解能核磁共振测定手法对化合物1～4进行了详细的解析和化学位鹈的归属．     

Measurement of radar backscatter from rough soil surfaces using linear and circular polarizations†

Radar backscatters from loam with a dry bulk density of 0·6g/cm³ have been measured at 9·9 GHz using both linear and circular polarizations. The sensitivity of radar return to soil moisture content has been obtained at five polarization combinations, HH, VV, HV, LR and LL (L and R denote the left-circular and the right-circular polarizations, respectively). Comparison of the moisture sensitivities shows that the sensitivity of HV is the highest among five polarizations and the sensitivity of LL is slightly higher than that of HH, VV and LR. Surface scatter theories are discussed in relation to the moisture sensitivities of five polarizations.     

The fabrication and properties of aesthetic FRP wires for use in orthodontics

Transparent or translucent fibre-reinforced polymeric wires have been produced in an attempt to reproduce the mechanical properties of the metallic wires in current use in orthodontics. Two methods were employed: mould polymerization, and hot-drawing. Both methods produced wires of 0.5 mm diameter. Two polymers were investigated, poly(methyl methacrylate) and epoxy resin, and these were filled with either long silane-coated alumina fibres or fibres made from CPSA glass. Whilst mould-polymerized wires showed a linear increase in Young's modulus with fibre content, they did not obey the rule of mixtures. However, the hot-drawn wires did, and they also demonstrated the rigidity, strength and good elastic recovery needed for use in orthodontics.