Fabrication of Porous SiO2·RO/SUS Composite Body for DPF （Diesel Particulate Filter） and Microwave Heating Behavior

Glass/stainless steel porous composite body were prepared by the polyurethane sponge replica method using slurries containing mixture of SiO₂-RO/30 vol%SUS.Sintered porous samples were obtained which consists of well-distributed stainless steel particles within the glass matrix.Such a microstructure is desired for the purpose as a soot particulate filters（DPF）utilizing microwave rapid heating in cold start phase.Heating ability of the fabricated porous composite body was carried out placing the specimen in the maximum H-field of a 2.45 GHz single mode applicator.Heating behavior of the samples was mainly influenced by the volume fraction of stainless steel.Higher heating rate was observed for samples with higher stainless steel fraction.Due to the different microwave absorbability of the materials,stainless steel particle in the porous matrix structure was firstly heated up by microwave and transferred the heat energy throughout the whole sample.Increasing of the fraction of the stainless steel particle in the matrix structure led the better heating;however the strength of the samples decreased.     

Design optimization of industrial robots considering the working environment

Industrial robots are being used increasingly in complicated working environments where there are obstacles. Industrial robots most suitable for a given working environment should be designed such that they avoid obstacles while moving in the designated working space. In this paper, a design optimization method is proposed for two-degree-of-freedom rotary angular jointed robots for use in such an obstacle-inclusive working environment. In this method, the lengths of the arms and the directional orientation of the robot installation are theoretically determined. First, the algorithmic procedures of the optimization method are presented. Then analytical procedures for obtaining the feasible set of arm lengths are described. Finally, effectiveness of the method is demonstrated for designing a robot used in a given working environment.     

COLLECTION AND CLASSIFICATION OF WORDS FOR DESCRIPTION OF FOOD TEXTURE

Using a controlled association test, Japanese expressions describing texture were collected in response to 97 food stimulus words. Results were compared with those obtained by Szczesniak in the United States. Frequencies of response were well balanced for some but not for all words with opposite meanings. There were many onomatopoeic words. The median frequency of mention per subject per food was about 3.5 texture words. This became about 7 when words which were mentioned only once were omitted. In the descending order of frequency, the most important words were: hard, soft, juicy, chewy, greasy, viscous, slippery, creamy, crisp (kori-kori), crunchy (kari-kari), and brittle.     

高钛高炉渣在微波场中的加热行为

为在高钛高炉渣中引发微裂纹、有效降低其研磨难度,进行了微波加热高钛高炉渣的实验.在引发裂纹的过程中发现其不仅能被微波场有效加热,且有热失控现象发生.为探讨微波加热高钛高炉渣的机理以及产生热失控现象的原因,对不同种类的合成炉渣进行了微波加热实验.实验表明渣中CaTiO3对有效加热高钛高炉渣起到重要作用.利用Network Analyzer测量了其介电常数.测量结果表明CaTiO3的介电常数远远大于一般材料,定量说明了在微波场中CaTiO3对加热高钛高炉渣的作用.此外,实验测得CaTiO3的介电常数随温度的升高而增大,这种正反馈加热方式正是高钛高炉渣在微波场中发生热失控的主要原因之一.     

An approach to computer integrated production management

A new paradigm is proposed for the realization of computer integrated production management. Computer integrated manufacturing (CIM) can never be constructed just by combining the automated devices available at present, such as CAD, CAM, CAPP and MRP systems. To realize successful CIM, the automation of friendly communication between experts is required, which plays a most important role in the integration of the various functions of production management. This points to the importance of computer integrated production management. In order to confirm the validity of the paradigm proposed in this paper, a prototype in process planning has been developed which aims at integration with CAD.     

Synthesis of robust tracking systems with specified transfer matrices

In this paper we study linear time-invariant multivariable systems in which the compensators consist of both feedforward and feedback parts. Firstly, a necessary and sufficient condition for the system to be an internally stable robust tracking system is obtained. Secondly, the class of attainable transfer matrices from reference signal to plant output of internally stable robust tracking systems is clarified. Thirdly, a simple method is proposed for specifying two feedback properties, i.e., sensitivity and stability margin. Finally, based on these results, we propose a synthesis procedure of robust tracking systems with desirable transient responses, sensitivity and stability margin     

Pilot scale autothermal gasification of coconut shell with CO2-O2 mixture

This paper explored the feasibility and benefit of CO₂ utilization as gasifying agent in the autothermal gasification process. The effects of CO₂ injection on reaction temperature and producer gas composition were examined in a pilot scale downdraft gasifier by varying the CO₂/C ratio from 0.6 to 1.6. O₂ was injected at an equivalence ratio of approximately 0.33–0.38 for supplying heat through partial combustion. The results were also compared with those of air gasification. In general, the increase in CO₂ injection resulted in the shift of combustion zone to the downstream of the gasifier. However, compared with that of air gasification, the long and distributed high temperature zones were obtained in CO₂-O₂ gasification with a CO₂/C ratio of 0.6–1.2. The progress of the expected CO₂ to CO conversion can be implied from the relatively insignificant decrease in CO fraction as the CO₂/C ratio increased. The producer gas heating value of CO₂-O₂ gasification was consistently higher than that of air gasification. These results show the potential of CO₂-O₂ gasification for producing high quality producer gas in an efficient manner, and the necessity for more work to deeply imply the observation.     

Properties of hydrogels synthesized by freezing and thawing aqueous polyvinyl alcohol solutions and their applications

The hydrogel synthesized by freezing a polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) aqueous solution and thawing it slowly has high water content, excellent mechanical properties of high tensile strength, elongation and good shape recovery by elasticity. The PVA used had a degree of polymerization of 2500 and a degree of saponification of 99.5 mol%. The solution was obtained by dissolving 7.5 g of PVA in 80 g of water, this was frozen at –50°C for 3 h and then warmed up to room temperature over 10h. This freezing–thawing process was repeated once again and a hydrogel was synthesized. The hydrogel had a water content of about 90 wt%. Its tensile strength was 0.6 MPa and the elongation at break was 130%. The shape of the hydrogel which was deformed by an external force recovered in a short time when it was released from the force. This recovery had good persistence and repeatability. Applying these properties a strain sensor and a gas pressure sensor were tested. Furthermore, a PVA hydrogel rod containing polyacrylic acid was used as a bending actuator. This hydrogel had the ability to deform when direct current was applied.