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11.
Sachiyuki Hasegawa Kazuyuki Shimizu Takeshi Kobayashi Masakazu Matsubara 《Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology (Oxford, Oxfordshire : 1986)》1985,35(1):33-42
Repeated batch operation using two fermentors (RBTF) to penicillin fermentation was demonstrated by computer simulation to improve productivity. Three operation modes were compared: chemostat, repeated batch operation using a single fermentor (RBSF) and RBTF; in each case account was made of the lag period before growth. The simulated fermentor performances were assessed on the basis of the penicillin productivity and concentration; the simulation was based on published batch fermentation data. It was shown that RBTF was superior to RBSF and chemostat. The advantage of RBTF increased as the lag period became greater. 相似文献
12.
Yuansheng Tang Fujiwara T. Kasami T. 《IEEE transactions on information theory / Professional Technical Group on Information Theory》2002,48(8):2401-2405
The generalized minimum distance (GMD) and Chase (1972) decoding algorithms are some of the most important suboptimum bounded distance decoding algorithms for binary linear block codes over an additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channel. We compute the limitation of the ratio between the probability of decoding error for the GMD or any one of the Chase decoding algorithms and that of the maximum-likelihood (ML) decoding when the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) approaches infinity. If the minimum Hamming distance of the code is greater than 2, the limitation is shown to be equal to 1 and thus the GMD and Chase decoding algorithms are asymptotically optimum. 相似文献
13.
This paper introduces a new concept of testability called consecutive testability and proposes a design-for-testability method for making a given SoC consecutively testable based on integer linear programming problem. For a consecutively testable SoC, testing can be performed as follows. Test patterns of a core are propagated to the core inputs from test pattern sources (implemented either off-chip or on-chip) consecutively at the speed of system clock. Similarly the test responses are propagated to test response sinks (implemented either off-chip or on-chip) from the core outputs consecutively at the speed of system clock. The propagation of test patterns and responses is achieved by using interconnects and consecutive transparency properties of surrounding cores. All interconnects can be tested in a similar fashion. Therefore, it is possible to test not only logic faults but also timing faults that require consecutive application of test patterns at the speed of system clock since the consecutively testable SoC can achieve consecutive application of any test sequence at the speed of system clock. 相似文献
14.
Kitakami O. Ogawa Y. Fujiwara H. Kugiya F. Suzuki M. 《IEEE transactions on magnetics》1989,25(3):2607-2611
A Co-Cr film deposited directly on a substrate has an initial growth layer with low coercivity. However, the existence of a Ti underlayer prevents the formation of such a layer. As a result, Co-Cr film deposited on a Ti underlayer has high perpendicular anisotropy and coercivity even in cases of extremely thin film thickness (200 Å). As for the read-write characteristics of Co-Cr thin-film media, the existence of such an initial growth layer greatly improves the reproduced output level. The cause for this is considered to be that the free charges which appear on the back surface of the perpendicular recording layer are reduced and the demagnetization field acting on the recorded magnetization subsequently decreases due to the existence of the initial growth layer 相似文献
15.
Takeshi Kondo Hiroyuki Ito Kazuhide Kusakabe Kazuhiro Ohkawa Kensuke Honda Yasuaki Einaga Akira Fujishima Takeshi Kawai 《Diamond and Related Materials》2008,17(1):48-54
The effect of CF4 plasma etching on diamond surfaces, with respect to treatment time, was investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and electrochemical measurements. SEM observations and Raman spectra indicated an increase in surface roughening on a scale of 10–20 nm, and an increase in crystal defect density was apparent with treatment time in the range of 10 s to 30 min. In contrast, alteration of the diamond surface terminations from oxygen to fluorine was found to be rather rapid, with saturation of the F/C atomic ratio estimated from XPS analysis after treatment durations of 1 min and more. The redox kinetics of Fe(CN)63−/4− was also found to be significantly modified after 10 s of CF4 plasma treatment. This behavior shows that C–F terminations predominantly affect the redox kinetics compared to the effect on the surface roughness and crystal defects. The double-layer capacitance (Cdl) of the electrolyte/CF4 plasma-treated boron-doped diamond interface was found to show a minimum value at 1 min of treatment. These results indicate that a short-duration CF4 plasma treatment is effective for the fabrication of fluorine-terminated diamond surfaces without undesirable surface damage. 相似文献
16.
Takeshi Kondo Sang Min Lee Michal Malicki Benoit Domercq Seth R. Marder Bernard Kippelen 《Advanced functional materials》2008,18(7):1112-1118
We report on a single‐layer organic memory device made of poly(N‐vinylcarbazole) embedded between an Al electrode and ITO modified with Ag nanodots (Ag‐NDs). Devices exhibit high ON/OFF switching ratios of 104. This level of performance could be achieved by modifying the ITO electrodes with some Ag‐NDs that act as trapping sites, reducing the current in the OFF state. Temperature dependence of the electrical characteristics suggest that the current of the low‐resistance state can be attributed to Schottky charge tunnelling through low‐resistance pathways of Al particles in the polymer layer and that the high‐resistance state can be controlled by charge trapping by the Al particles and Ag‐NDs. 相似文献
17.
Takeshi Shiofuku Norihiro Abe Yoshihiro Tabuchi Hirokazu Taki Shoujie He 《Artificial Life and Robotics》2008,13(1):290-293
This paper presents an approach of measuring in real-time the vector of finger that is pointing to an object. DSP is used
in the operation processing unit in order to do the real-time processing. The steps include the extraction of flesh-colored
regions from an image, the labeling of the flesh-colored regions, and the detection of two characteristic positions on the
finger so that the direction that the finger is pointing at will be calculated. The entire process takes about 29 msec, which
makes it possible to have the frame rate of 34 fps. With this frame rate, this measurement approach is considered real-time
and promising to be merged into other application systems.
This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January
31–February 2, 2008 相似文献
18.
19.
K Sudo Y Matsumoto M Matsushima M Fujiwara K Konno K Shimotohno S Shigeta T Yokota 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1997,238(2):643-647
This study evaluated the inhibitory effects of thiazolidine derivatives on hepatitis C virus (HCV) protease and other human serine proteases. The inhibition efficacy was tested with a reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) assay system using a NS3-NS4A fusion protein as the HCV protease and a synthetic peptide substrate that mimics the NS5A-5B junction. Nine thiazolidine derivatives showed more than 50% inhibition at 50 microg/ml. The most potent derivative was RD4-6250, with 50% inhibition at a concentration of 2.3 microg/ml; this concentration was lower than those of other protease inhibitors reported previously. The most selective derivative was RD4-6205, with 50% inhibition at a concentration of 6.4 microg/ml, a lower concentration than those on other serine proteases (chymotrypsin, trypsin, plasmin, and elastase). These results suggest that the RD4-6205 skeleton is an important structure for inhibitory activity on the HCV protease NS3-NS4A. 相似文献
20.
An equation of state for 1,1-difluoroethane (HFC 152a, CH3CHF2) has been developed on the basis of reliable experimental data including PVT, liquid Cp, and saturated-liquid-density data measured by our group. It is a non-dimensionalized virial equation whose functional form is the same as that originally developed for 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane (HFC 134a) in our group. The effective range is for pressures up to 15 MPa, temperatures from 230 to 450 K, and densities to 1000 kg m−3. The equation represents reliable PVT measurements within ± 1% in pressure for the superheated vapour and supercritical fluid, while within ±0.5% in density for the compressed liquid. In addition, it should be noted that the equation represents the other essential thermodynamic properties including vapour pressures, saturated-liquid/ vapour densities, isobaric/isochoric specific heats and sound velocity in both the liquid and gaseous phase of HFC 152a. 相似文献