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71.
This paper aims to assess quantitatively the actual visual environment of uncontrolled urban downtown intersections in Japan in relation to frequently occurring crossing collisions and to discuss the safety countermeasures for them. In Field Study 1 dealing with direct visibility, our ultra-wide-angle photograph analysis revealed that most of the right/left-ward visible range at 11 intersections were insufficient to check safety, and the quality of direct visibility was closely associated with causing crossing collisions. The countermeasures to reduce a blind area were determined to be a top priority. In Field Study 2 dealing with indirect visibility, more than half of the 25 traffic convex mirrors had marked shortcomings for preventive safety, and ergonomics guidelines ensuring indirect visibility were proposed for installing traffic convex mirrors. Low-cost/low-technology-oriented countermeasures are highly recommended to obtain clear/sufficient images of crucial information satisfying drivers' requirements on traffic convex mirrors in accordance with those ergonomics guidelines was highly recommended. Crossing collisions could be prevented by improvement of poor direct and indirect visibility. 相似文献
72.
Uniformly layered mixture of the succeeding members in the structure series was found in artificially layered Bi2Sr2Ca
n–1Cu
n
O2n+4 films synthesized by a three-target sequential sputter deposition technique. The intergrowth structure was quantitatively evaluated by X-ray analysis technique. An averagedc-axis (half) unit length and a plane spacing d0-0.31 nm
in the intergrowth structure are considered as a modulation wavelength and an average lattice of superlattice in the analysis. It is shown that the X-ray diffraction patterns observed in our films are in good agreement with that predicted by the superlattice model. 相似文献
73.
Correlation between Chemical Dopants and Topological Defects in Catalytically Active Nanoporous Graphene
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74.
Factors associated with serum magnesium and vascular stiffness in maintenance hemodialysis patients
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Mai Yorifuji Takahiro Kuragano Sayuri Kawada Wataru Fukao Kazuhiro Toyoda Takeshi Nakanishi 《Hemodialysis international. International Symposium on Home Hemodialysis》2018,22(3):342-350
Introduction : We evaluated the associated factors of serum magnesium in patients on maintenance hemodialysis (MHD). Furthermore, we evaluated the relationship between low serum magnesium and arteriosclerosis in these patients. Methods : In 129 patients on MHD, we evaluated the blood levels of magnesium, brachial‐ankle pulse wave velocity (ba‐PWV), ankle‐brachial index (ABI), and intima‐media thickness of the common carotid artery (IMT). Findings : In MHD patients, the serum level of magnesium was significantly correlated with age, calcium, TNF‐α, albumin, and ba‐PWV but not with ABI or IMT. In the multiple regression analysis, albumin (P = 0.0001, β = 0.31) and calcium (P = 0.029, β = 0.18) were selected as significant predictors of the magnesium level in MHD patients. Furthermore, the serum level of magnesium, as well as systolic blood pressure (P = 0.0001, β = 0.32) and age (P = 0.005, β = 0.25), were selected as significant (P = 0.012, β = ?0.22) predictors of ba‐PWV in MHD patients. Discussion : In MHD patients, the serum magnesium level was associated with the serum levels of calcium and albumin. Furthermore, a low serum magnesium level in MHD patients was associated with the index of vascular stiffness. 相似文献
75.
76.
Takeshi Emura 《Computational statistics & data analysis》2010,54(12):3033-3043
A goodness-of-fit testing procedure for Archimedean copula (AC) models is developed based on right-censored data. The proposed approach extends an existing method, which is suitable for the Clayton model, to general AC models. Asymptotic properties of the proposed test statistics under the true model assumption are derived. Simulation analysis shows that the proposed test has reasonable performance. Finally, two real data examples are analyzed for illustrative purposes. 相似文献
77.
Automatic optical flank wear measurement of microdrills using level set for cutting plane segmentation 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
We address the problem of automatic optical flank wear measurement for microdrill bits’ inspection. Cutting plane segmentation
of microdrill bits is a fundamental step in the measurement. However, in the case of smeared microdrill bits, cutting planes
cannot be segmented correctly by conventional methods. To exactly extract the cutting plane, a level set technique is proposed
to segment it from a drill bit image; then we adopt a projection profile-based method for measuring the features of flank
wear of microdrills. A new feature of flank wear, called “end wear length”, is also introduced for flank wear evaluation with three other existing features. Experimental results indicate that it
is a robust and effective approach for automatic flank wear measurement of microdrills in printed circuit board (PCB) manufacturing. 相似文献
78.
Yoshitaka Sawa Kenji Yamashita Takeshi Kitadani Daiji Noda Tadashi Hattori 《Microsystem Technologies》2010,16(8-9):1369-1375
The nickel electroforming method using a high-concentration nickel sulfamate bath is commonly used to fabricate micro metal molds in the LIGA process; however, this method does not produce micro metal molds of sufficient hardness. One means of improving the hardness of micro metal molds made using the nickel electroforming method is to include additives in the nickel plating solution. Another method is nickel alloy plating or a similar technique. In this research, we used a nickel–boron (Ni–B) electroless alloy plating method to obtain a hard nickel plated film having hardness of 832 Hv. It was also ascertained that Ni–B electroless alloy plated film retains its high hardness even during heat treatment in conditions of 250°C for 1 h. To deal with the high stresses developed in high-hardness plated films, we proposed double-layer nickel electroforming. This method is covered and used on conventional nickel electroforming layer by high hardness micro mold. High hardness micro metal mold using double-layer was fabricated by nickel electroforming and Ni–B electroless alloy plating method. 相似文献
79.
Bu-Sang ChaSeung-Mok Lee Takeshi KanashimaMasanori Okuyama Tsunehisa Tanaka 《Sensors and actuators. A, Physical》2011,171(2):191-198
Capacitive micromachined ultrasonic transducers (CMUTs) with a perforated membrane have been fabricated and characterized in air. Two types of CMUT device have been fabricated having perforation ratio (area ratio of holes = AR) of 10% and 20%, and analyzed about electrical and mechanical characteristics. The perforation ratio (AR) of membrane substantially influences on the electrostatic force and mechanical restoring force of the device since it leads to the area variation of electrode and membrane, it subsequently influences on the sensitivity and frequency response of the CMUT device. The electrostatic force and mechanical restoring force were improved by decreasing the AR and increasing the DC bias voltage. The open-circuit sensitivity of a CMUT having AR 10% membrane, 8.45 μV/Pa, is larger than that of AR 20%, 4.07 μV/Pa at DC 15 V. Furthermore, the resonance behaviors were observed in the range of 60-80 kHz, and the resonance frequency could be changed by varying the applied DC voltage and AR. 相似文献
80.
Huicong Liu Cho Jui Tay Chenggen Quan Takeshi Kobayashi Chengkuo Lee 《Microsystem Technologies》2011,17(12):1747-1754
We propose a MEMS piezoelectric energy harvester with a wide operating frequency range by incorporating a high-frequency piezoelectric cantilever and a metal base as the top and bottom stoppers with a low-frequency piezoelectric cantilever. Frequency up-conversion of the piezoelectric energy harvester is realized when the low-frequency piezoelectric cantilever impacts and scrapes through the high-frequency piezoelectric cantilever. For an input acceleration of 0.6?g, with top and bottom stopper distances of 0.75 and 1.1?mm, respectively, the operating frequency ranges from 33 to 43?Hz. The output voltage and power up to 95?mV and 94 nW can be achieved. Experimental results indicate that the frequency up-conversion mechanism significantly improves the effective power. 相似文献