一种改进的基于DEM的机载重轨干涉SAR运动补偿算法

该文研究了基于DEM(Digital Elevation Model)的高精度重轨干涉SAR运动补偿算法。分析了平地假设及波束中心近似造成的残余运动误差的影响,表明对重轨干涉SAR系统进行基于DEM的高精度运动补偿的必要性。分析了对外部DEM数据精度要求,指出利用低精度DEM数据进行精确运动补偿获取高精度DEM数据的可行性。针对现有基于DEM运动补偿算法的不足提出改进算法。该算法根据载机轨迹偏移和地形起伏自动调节参数,可实现精确且高效的运动补偿。对X波段重轨干涉SAR数据进行运动补偿处理,验证了该算法的有效性及其在精度和效率两方面相比于现有算法的优势。     

散粒噪声用于纳米电子器件与结构的量子效应表征

论述了纳米电子器件与结构中散粒噪声的产生机理和影响因素,表明散粒噪声与输运过程密切相关,按照噪声功率谱的幅值大小将散粒噪声分为泊松散粒噪声、亚泊松散粒噪声和超泊松散粒噪声四类。将散粒噪声的这些规律应用于纳米电子器件和结构,可表征不同器件与结构中的量子效应。利用散粒噪声已经成功检测到无序导线中的开放通道与量子点混沌腔中的波动性,测量出超导体与分数量子霍尔效应中的准粒子电荷。将散粒噪声用于检测纠缠态对量子计算具有重要的意义,自旋相干输运的检测是自旋电子学的重要研究课题。     

Novel Approach for 3-D Reconstruction of Coronary Arteries From Two Uncalibrated Angiographic Images

Three-dimensional reconstruction of vessels from digital X-ray angiographic images is a powerful technique that compensates for limitations in angiography. It can provide physicians with the ability to accurately inspect the complex arterial network and to quantitatively assess disease induced vascular alterations in three dimensions. In this paper, both the projection principle of single view angiography and mathematical modeling of two view angiographies are studied in detail. The movement of the table, which commonly occurs during clinical practice, complicates the reconstruction process. On the basis of the pinhole camera model and existing optimization methods, an algorithm is developed for 3-D reconstruction of coronary arteries from two uncalibrated monoplane angiographic images. A simple and effective perspective projection model is proposed for the 3-D reconstruction of coronary arteries. A nonlinear optimization method is employed for refinement of the 3-D structure of the vessel skeletons, which takes the influence of table movement into consideration. An accurate model is suggested for the calculation of contour points of the vascular surface, which fully utilizes the information in the two projections. In our experiments with phantom and patient angiograms, the vessel centerlines are reconstructed in 3-D space with a mean positional accuracy of 0.665 mm and with a mean back projection error of 0.259 mm. This shows that the algorithm put forward in this paper is very effective and robust.     

End-to-end optimized TCP-friendly rate control for real-time video streaming over wireless multi-hop networks

Rate control is an important issue in video streaming applications. The most popular rate control scheme over wired networks is TCP-Friendly Rate Control (TFRC), which is designed to provide optimal transport service for unicast multimedia delivery based on the TCP Reno’s throughput equation. It assumes perfect link quality, treating network congestion as the only reason for packet losses. Therefore, when used in wireless environment, it suffers significant performance degradation because of packet losses arising from time-varying link quality. Most current research focuses on enhancing the TFRC protocol itself, ignoring the tightly coupled relation between the transport layer and other network layers. In this paper, we propose a new approach to address this problem, integrating TFRC with the application layer and the physical layer to form a holistic design for real-time video streaming over wireless multi-hop networks. The proposed approach can achieve the best user-perceived video quality by jointly optimizing system parameters residing in different network layers, including real-time video coding parameters at the application layer, packet sending rate at the transport layer, and modulation and coding scheme at the physical layer. The problem is formulated and solved as to find the optimal combination of parameters to minimize the end-to-end expected video distortion constrained by a given video playback delay, or to minimize the video playback delay constrained by a given end-to-end video distortion. Experimental results have validated 2–4 dB PSNR performance gain of the proposed approach in wireless multi-hop networks by using H.264/AVC and NS-2.     

基于DSP的激光打标控制器设计

介绍了一种基于DSP的激光打标控制器系统设计,系统以TMS320F2812 DSP为处理器,用CPLD扩展I/O接口,通过USB接口传输数据,高速D/A转换器控制振镜实现激光打标。在D/A转换电路中,针对双极性电压基准输出要求,使用运算放大器MCP606和MCP1525产生±2.5 V高精度电压基准,在打标软件中将图形打标和字符打标分开,能精确体现字号大小及字体变化的效果。给出了硬件电路设计方案及控制系统软件的实现方法。控制器系统使激光打标机速度、精度有了较大提高。     

双频雷达测高技术研究

该文针对双频雷达的测高问题,研究了基于相位干涉原理的双频雷达测高方法。文中给出了相位干涉测角的基本原理,并针对该方法在双频雷达测高应用中存在的相位模糊问题进行了分析,在此基础上,给出了基于中国余数定理的双波段相位差解模糊处理方法,解决了双频雷达相位干涉测高法的相位模糊问题。最后对双频雷达相位干涉测高法的测高精度进行了分析。仿真分析,验证了算法的可行性。     

3D密码的不可能差分攻击

3D密码是在CANS2008上提出的一个新的分组密码算法,与以往的分组密码算法不同,它采用了3维结构。密码设计者给出了3D密码的一个5轮不可能差分并对6轮3D密码进行了不可能差分攻击。该文通过3D密码的结构特性找到了新的6轮不可能差分。基于新的不可能差分和3D密码的等价结构,可以对7轮和8轮3D密码进行有效的不可能差分攻击。此外,结合其密钥扩展规则,可以将攻击轮数提高至9轮。该文的攻击结果优于密码设计者的结果。     

逆合成孔径成像激光雷达低信噪比稀疏多孔径成像方法研究

受目标非合作特性的影响,逆合成孔径成像激光雷达(ISAIL)回波存在缺失;同时受大气衰减和自然背景光等因素的影响,ISAIL回波信号信噪比较低,因此,常规的稀疏多孔径成像方法不再适用。针对上述问题,该文提出了一种结合压缩感知(CS)和权矩阵的稀疏多孔径成像方法。首先,通过基于CS的稀疏多孔径成像方法对原始数据处理,得到目标像的支撑域;然后,据此建立权矩阵,优化采用CS重构时的代价函数,对稀疏多孔径ISAIL原始数据进行成像处理,利用不完整的回波信号获得高分辨目标像。此算法具有较好的抗噪能力。采用室内ISAIL系统实测数据验证了算法的有效性。     

分布式残余频偏信道中的Alamouti STBC-OFDM功率分配

在具有不同残余频偏的分布发射天线多径瑞利衰落信道中,该文使用Cholesky判决反馈检测的Alamouti STBC-OFDM链路,提出了一种抑制残余频偏影响的发射功率分配方法：以最小化残余频偏下链路的平均误比特率下界为准则,为发射天线分配功率。首先推导了残余频偏下链路的平均误比特率下界,然后给出了发射天线间最优功率分配因子的闭合解。仿真结果表明,与传统的假设频率理想同步的功率分配方法相比,在残余频偏对性能影响占主导作用的场景中,该文方法提升了链路性能,提升程度随着两根发射天线到接收机间平均信道功率增益之比的增加而增大。     

电源滤波器在医用电气设备中的应用

本文通过分析电磁干扰的主要类型以及其在医用电气设备中的危害,着重讨论将电源滤波器应用于医用电气设备中,以解决医用电气设备的电磁干扰现象。