On the role of free calcium oxide in expansive cements

Results of research, tending to elucidate the effect of free CaO content in portland cement clinker upon the expansion of specimens of expansive cements, prepared in semi-commercial scale by intergrinding of portland cement clinker, C₄A₃$\text{S}$-phase containing special clinker and gypsum, by means of examination of liquid phase composition and porosity of mortars, have been presented. Special clinker was obtained by burning a mix of limestone, fly ash with high Al₂O₃ content and gypsum. Obtained results confirm the advantageous effect of free lime upon the hydration process and properties of expansive cements. The concentration of CaO in the liquid phase seems to influence rather the rate of ettringite formation than the size of its crystals.     

Pathogenesis of mucosal disease, a deadly disease of cattle caused by a pestivirus

Intracellular recordings were made from neurones E-8, E-16 and E-13a in the visceral ganglion of Helix aspersa. GSPYFVamide inhibits the activity of these neurones and the role of a second messenger system in this inhibition was investigated. 8-Bromo-cGMP, 100 microM was found to potentiate this inhibition while ODQ, 100 microM, an inhibitor of guanylyl cyclase, almost completely blocked GSPYFVamide-induced inhibition. Four NO donors sodium nitroprusside, 100 microM, sodium nitrite, 1 mM, SNOG, 50 microM, and SNAP, 10-50 microM, all potentiated the GSPYFVamide-induced inhibition. L-NAME, 100-1000 microM, a competitive inhibitor of NOS, blocked the GSPYFVamide-induced inhibition. In some cases recovery was only partial. The possible role of NO in modulating the inhibitory response to GSPYFVamide is discussed.     

Improving adherence to fluid restrictions in male hemodialysis patients: A comparison of cognitive and behavioral approaches.

Compared a cognitive intervention and a behavioral intervention to determine their relative effectiveness in reducing interdialytic weight gain (IWG) among 8 adult male hemodialysis patients. The behavioral model consisted of positive reinforcement, shaping, and self-monitoring. The cognitive model consisted of a counseling intervention designed to modify health beliefs. In 3 studies, both interventions produced immediate reductions in IWG. However, the behavioral intervention was superior to the cognitive intervention in producing maintenance of reduced weight gain. Combining the interventions resulted in no improvement over the behavioral intervention alone. Continuation of self-monitoring procedures produced maintenance of improvements up to 2 mo posttreatment. With the exception of the barriers dimension, health beliefs did not change along with adherence behavior changes. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Landscape of Genomic Alterations and PD-L1 Expression in Early-Stage Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC)—A Single Center,Retrospective Observational Study

Precision oncology and immunotherapy have revolutionized the treatment of advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Emerging studies show that targeted therapies are also beneficial for patients with driver alterations such as epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations in early-stage NSCLC (stages I–IIIA). Furthermore, patients with elevated programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression appear to respond favorably to adjuvant immunotherapy. To determine the frequency of genomic alterations and PD-L1 status in early-stage NSCLC, we retrospectively analyzed data from 2066 unselected, single-center patients with NSCLC diagnosed using next-generation sequencing and immunohistochemistry. Nine-hundred and sixty-two patients (46.9%) presented with early-stage NSCLC. Of these, 37.0% had genomic alterations for which targeted therapies have already been approved for advanced NSCLC. The frequencies of driver mutations in the early stages were equivalent to those in advanced stages, i.e., the rates of EGFR mutations in adenocarcinomas were 12.7% (72/567) and 12.0% (78/650) in early and advanced NSCLC, respectively (p = 0778). In addition, 46.3% of early-stage NSCLC cases were PD-L1-positive, with a tumor proportion score (TPS) of ≥1%. With comparable frequencies of driver mutations in early and advanced NSCLC and PD-L1 overexpression in nearly half of patients with early-stage NSCLC, a broad spectrum of biomarkers for adjuvant and neoadjuvant therapies is available, and several are currently being investigated in clinical trials.     

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