Effects of sulfate-reducing bacteria on the corrosion behavior of carbon steel

The influences of the growing process of sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) in seawater system on the medium state and corrosion behavior of carbon steel were studied by detecting solution state parameters and using corrosion electrochemical methods. The growing process of SRB in the seawater shows the three stages of growing, death and residual phases. The solution state parameters of the concentration of sulfide, the pH value and the redox potential changed during the three stages of the SRB growing process. And the corrosion rate of D36 carbon steel was accelerated during the growing phase and stable during the death and residual phases. The results indicate that the medium state and the corrosion rate of the steel do not depend on the number of active SRB, but depend on the accumulation of the metabolism products of SRB.     

Study of the composition effect of glass ceramic and silver on poly(vinyl butyral) thermal degradation with thermogravimetric analysis

The thermal degradation of poly(vinyl butyral) (PVB)/glass ceramic, PVB/Ag, and PVB/glass ceramic/Ag composites was investigated with thermogravimetric analysis in nitrogen and air. Thermogravimetric data revealed that the compositions of both inorganic materials in air could greatly influence the thermal degradation of PVB. The degradation reactions of PVB/ceramic and PVB/Ag composites began earlier and accelerated rapidly at lower temperatures. The overall degradation period was obviously shortened for the thermal degradation of PVB/Ag in air, whereas a longer time was required for the PVB/ceramic composite than for PVB. Moreover, dual effects of ceramic and Ag on the thermal degradation of PVB were observed for PVB/ceramic/Ag composites. In addition, the catalytic effects of ceramic and Ag on the degradation reaction of PVB in air were verified with a kinetic analysis. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 93: 2142–2149, 2004     

Synthesis,characterization, and thermal properties of phosphorus‐containing,wholly aromatic thermotropic copolyesters

A series of phosphorus‐containing, wholly aromatic thermotropic copolyesters from acetylated 2‐(6‐oxide‐6H‐dibenz〈c,e〉〈1,2〉oxa phosphorin‐6‐yl)‐1,4‐dihydroxy phenylene, p‐acetoxybenzoic acid, terephthalic acid, and isophthalic acid were prepared by melting polycondensation. The structure and basic properties of the polymers, such as the glass‐transition temperature (T_g), melting temperature (T_m), thermal stability, crystallinity, and liquid crystallinity, were investigated with Fourier transform infrared, elemental analysis, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis, wide‐angle X‐ray diffraction, and hot‐stage polarizing optical microscopy. The copolyesters had relatively high T_g values ranging from 183 to 192°C. The T_m values obtained from DSC curves for samples P‐20 and P‐25 were 290 and 287°C, respectively (where the number in the sample name indicates the molar fraction of the phosphorus‐containing monomer in the reactants). The initial flow temperatures of other samples observed with hot‐stage polarizing microscopy were 271–290°C. The 5% degradation temperatures in nitrogen ranged from 431 to 462°C, and the char yields at 640°C were 41–52%. All the copolyesters, except P‐40, were thermotropic and nematic. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 86: 1278–1284, 2002     

Interaction‐Feature Enhanced Multiuser Model Learning for a Home Environment Using Ambient Sensors

Activity recognition (AR) is a key enabler for a context‐aware smart home since knowing what the residents’ current activities helps a smart home provide more desirable services. This is why AR is often used in assistive technologies for cognitively impaired people to evaluate their abilities to undertake activities of daily living. In a real‐life scenario, multiple‐resident AR has been considered as a very challenging problem, primarily due to the complexity of data association. In addition, most prior research has not considered the potential interpersonal interactions among residents to simplify complexity, especially in an environment monitored by ambient sensors. In this study, we propose two types of multiuser activity models, both of which are derived from an interaction‐feature enhanced multiuser model learning framework. These two models consider interpersonal interactions and data association for multiuser AR using ambient sensors. We then compare their performance with the other two baseline models with or without consideration of data association and interpersonal interactions. The experimental results show that the derived models outperform other baseline classifiers. Therefore, the proposed approach can increase the opportunities for providing context‐aware services for a multiresident smart home.     

Synthesis and characterization of poly(ϵ‐caprolactone)‐b‐poly(ethylene glycol) block copolymers prepared by a salicylaldimine‐aluminum complex

A series of poly(?‐caprolactone)‐b‐poly(ethylene glycol) (PCL‐b‐PEG) block copolymers with different molecular weights were synthesized with a salicylaldimine‐aluminum complex in the presence of monomethoxy poly(ethylene glycol). The block copolymers were characterized by ¹H NMR, GPC, WAXD, and DSC. The ¹H NMR and GPC results verify the block structure and narrow molecular weight distribution of the block copolymers. WAXD and DSC results show that crystallization behavior of the block copolymers varies with the composition. When the PCL block is extremely short, only the PEG block is crystallizable. With further increase in the length of the PCL block, both blocks can crystallize. The PCL crystallizes prior to the PEG block and has a stronger suppression effect on crystallization of the PEG block, while the PEG block only exerts a relatively weak adverse effect on crystallization of the PCL block. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 2007     

陈家冲垃圾填埋场地下水环境健康风险评价

垃圾填埋是目前国内处理城市生活垃圾的主要方式,由垃圾渗滤液引发地下水环境污染已成为当前主要的水环境问题之一。选择武汉市陈家冲垃圾填埋场为研究对象,通过对该区周边地下水布孔取样和监测,分析了垃圾填埋场对其周围地下水环境的影响。结果表明:研究区地下水的主要污染因子为Pb、Cd和Fe,且各污染物的浓度与采样深度、井距呈负相关关系。垃圾填埋场产生污染的影响范围主要在距离800m以内、深度小于5.5m的地下水。为进一步了解该区地下水对人体健康危害的风险程度,对研究区地下水进行了水环境健康风险评价,结果显示:研究区各采样井地下水的总风险值在2.71×10~(-4)/a~7.12×10~(-3)/a,均超过国际辐射防护委员会(ICRP)推荐的最大可接受值5.0×10~(-5)/a,主要风险因子为基因毒物质Cd和Cr(VI)以及躯体毒物质硝态氮;其中,Cd和硝态氮所致的健康风险值超标率100%,而Cr(VI)的健康风险值超标率为50%,对暴露人群存在健康危害风险。此外,对男性和女性健康风险值的研究显示,研究区地下水环境中污染物的男性健康危害风险值普遍高于女性。     

基于一次投影子空间追踪的压缩感知信号重构

为了降低信号重构算法的复杂度,实现对稀疏度未知信号的重构,提出了一种基于一次投影子空间追踪(OPSP)的信号重构方法。首先根据约束等距性质确定信号稀疏度的上下界,并将最接近上下界中值的整数作为稀疏度的估计值;然后在子空间追踪(SP)算法的框架下,去掉了迭代中观测向量在支撑集上的投影过程,降低了算法的复杂度。为了更准确地衡量算法的重构性能,提出用完整信号的重构概率作为衡量算法重构性能的指标。与传统的SP算法相比,所提算法可以重构稀疏度未知的信号,且重构时间短,重构概率高。仿真结果验证了该算法的有效性。     

一种基于点集拓扑分形变幻的云计算登录认证方法

考虑到云服务登录安全性及便捷性的需求,针对单点登录认证模式,提出云计算的统一登录认证方法,并采用点集拓扑分形变幻方法生成随机密钥,提高登录认证的安全等级。首先对云计算登录认证系统结构进行分析,然后以网络公共数据库中的指纹图像为例,进行分形变幻环运算,生成伪随机序列,再将这些序列加密并通过UDP发送给服务器端进行认证,最后进行实例仿真。     

基于工作流和智能手机的城市综合管理平台

为适应现代城市综合管理的需要,提高城市管理水平,提出利用GIS技术的二三维一体化联动提高管理平台可视化;基于工作流的管理使事件处理更加自动化;利用智能手机的方便使管理人员与系统进行动态交互;利用模糊数学提高任务完成质量评价的科学性。整个平台在Windows7下进行开发,基于B/S(浏览器/服务器)和C/S(客户端/服务器)结合的架构,运用JavaEE、工作流、模糊数学、无线通信、视频融合等技术,实现平台对交通灯、人员、车辆、消防、事件和任务的管理。     

吡虫啉在蔬菜中残留量高效液相色谱测定方法

建立了用高效液相色谱法测定出口蔬菜中吡虫啉农药残留量的方法。试样用酸性乙腈提取,C18柱净化,乙酸乙酯洗脱,反相高效液相色谱-紫外检测器测定,检测波长为270nm。方法的最低检测限为0.05mg/kg,0.1～0.5mg/kg水平添加回收率的范围是86.67%～100.33%,相对标准偏差为3.19%～9.95%。