High clay content nanocomposite hydrogels with surprising mechanical strength and interesting deswelling kinetics

A series of high hectorite content nanocomposite Poly (N-isopropylacrylamide), (PNIPAAm), hydrogels have been successfully synthesized by choosing a special kind of hectorite (Laponite XLS) modified by tetrasodium pyrophosphate. It was found that these hydrogels show surprising mechanical properties (i.e. tensile strength: 1 MPa, elongation at break: 1400%) and complicated deswelling behavior, which are due to the high clay content of the hydrogels and ionic dispersant contained in Laponite XLS, respectively.     

Tungsten Oxide Nanorods Array and Nanobundle Prepared by Using Chemical Vapor Deposition Technique

Tungsten oxide (WO₃) nanorods array prepared using chemical vapor deposition techniques was studied. The influence of oxygen gas concentration on the nanoscale tungsten oxide structure was observed; it was responsible for the stoichiometric and morphology variation from nanoscale particle to nanorods array. Experimental results also indicated that the deposition temperature was highly related to the morphology; the chemical structure, however, was stable. The evolution of the crystalline structure and surface morphology was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy, Raman spectra and X-ray diffraction approaches. The stoichiometric variation was indicated by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.     

高吸油性树脂

高吸油性树脂是与一般吸油材料不同的自溶胀型新型吸油材料,它能够吸收从矿物油到天然油脂等各种油。目前国外正在用途、市场两方面进行系统开发。本文仅就其机理、特征、用途作简单介绍。     

Multi-channel power allocation based on market competitive equilibrium in cognitive radio networks

Cognitive radios such as intelligent phones and Bluetooth devices have been considered essential goods in next-generation communication systems.Such devices will have to share the same frequency band owing to the limited bandwidth resource.To improve spectrum efciency,we formulate multi-channel power allocation as a market competitive equilibrium(CE)problem,and prove that its solution exists and is unique under the condition of weak interference.We then propose two distributed power allocation algorithms achieving CE,namely the fast convergent power allocation algorithm(FCPAA)and the social-fairness-aware FCPAA(SFAF).Theoretical analysis and simulation results demonstrate that the proposed algorithms lead to better system performance in terms of the guaranteed interference temperature constraint using the price mechanism instead of a strategy based on the Nash equilibrium.Moreover,it is shown that the FCPAA maximizes total utility,and converges more quickly than the method addressed in prior research with the help of improved round-robin rules.However,the FCPAA cannot ensure the same social fairness among secondary users as the SFAF scheme in both the non-fading channel and Rayleigh fading channel;the SFAF balances the individual utility by adjusting each user’s budget at the expense of a small quantity of system total throughput.     

Requirements model driven adaption and evolution of Internetware

Today’s software systems need to support complex business operations and processes.The development of the web-based software systems has been pushing up the limits of traditional software engineering methodologies and technologies as they are required to be used and updated almost real-time,so that users can interact and share the same applications over the internet as needed.These applications have to adapt quickly to the diversified and dynamic changing requirements in the physical,technological,economical and social environments.As a consequence,we are expecting a major paradigm shift in software engineering to reflect such changes in computing environment in order to better address the fundamental needs of organisations in this new era.Existing software technologies,such as model driven development,business process engineering,online(re-)configuration,composition and adaptation of managerial functionalities are being repurposed to reduce the time taken for software development by reusing software codes.The ability to dynamically combine contents from numerous web sites and local resources,and the ability to instantly publish services worldwide have opened up entirely new possibilities for software development.In retrospect to the ten years applied research on Internetware,we have witnessed such a paradigm shift,which brings about many changes to the developmental experience of conventional web applications.Several related technologies,such as cloud computing,service computing,cyber-physical systems and social computing,have converged to address this emerging issue with emphasis on different aspects.In this paper,we first outline the requirements that the Internetware software paradigm should meet to excel at web application adaptation;we then propose a requirement model driven method for adaptive and evolutionary applications;and we report our experiences and case studies of applying it to an enterprise information system.Our goal is to provide high-level guidelines to researchers and practitioners to meet the challenges of building adaptive industrial-strength applications with the spectrum of processes,techniques and facilities provided within the Internetware paradigm.     

在复合镀层表面上实现滴状冷凝传热的研究

研究了采用Ｎｉ－ＰＴＦＥ复合镀层表面实现水蒸气滴状冷凝的新方法。在对Ｎｉ－ＰＴＦＥ复合电镀工艺研究的基础上，进行了水蒸气在无镀层的黄铜板表面和有复合镀层表面的冷凝传热的对比实验。实验结果表明，在Ｎｉ－ＰＴＦＥ复合镀层表面上可实现水蒸气的滴状冷凝，有着显著的强化冷凝换热效果。     

企业内部信息系统的故障监控研究与应用

针对大型企业内部网络中信息系统的故障监控缺乏有效手段的问题,从Web网页、应用服务器、数据库服务器、服务器网络硬件、C/S系统等多个角度入手进行研究,提出一个对内网信息系统进行实时监控的故障监控系统,并详述了它的工作流程和实现细节。目前实现的系统通过试用效果良好,方案亦被证明是行之有效的,并可在相近环境中推广应用。     

纳米碳酸钙对CPE／PVC体系脆韧转变的影响

纳米碳酸钙的加入可以使CPE／PVC用较少的CPE使制备的复合材料达到超韧，而轻质活性碳酸钙的加入却使其脆一韧转变大大延迟。加入了碳酸钙的体系的拉伸强度比不加的约低1MPa左右，但弯曲模量得到了提高，纳米碳酸钙和普通碳酸钙对拉伸强度和弯曲模量影响的区别不大。通过分析认为：银纹的引发与有效的终止是决定纳米碳酸钙刚性体分散相增韧合金材料，促进其脆-韧转变提前的一个重要因素。     

纸制备SiC/Si层状陶瓷复合材料的微观结构和性能

本文以纸为原料,通过叠层设计、低温碳化和高温渗硅制备了具有层状结构特征的SiC/Si陶瓷复合材料。并采用XRD、SEM和三点弯曲等分析测试手段对其相组成、微观结构和力学性能进行了分析。结果表明:纸碳化后为非晶形的碳;渗硅后试样的相组成为β-SiC相、自由Si相和残C相。叠层纸碳化后的微观结构为含有大量扁长空洞的碳骨架,渗硅后得到的SiC陶瓷复合材料具有明显的层状结构特征。三点弯曲实验表明,SiC/Si陶瓷复合材料的强度高达290MPa,达到了常规反应烧结SiC陶瓷的强度水平;且其断裂方式为非灾难性断裂,分析认为这与材料的层状结构形貌有关。