全文获取类型
收费全文 | 1218篇 |
免费 | 87篇 |
国内免费 | 1篇 |
专业分类
电工技术 | 3篇 |
化学工业 | 389篇 |
金属工艺 | 17篇 |
机械仪表 | 20篇 |
建筑科学 | 56篇 |
能源动力 | 13篇 |
轻工业 | 220篇 |
水利工程 | 11篇 |
石油天然气 | 2篇 |
无线电 | 46篇 |
一般工业技术 | 188篇 |
冶金工业 | 179篇 |
原子能技术 | 6篇 |
自动化技术 | 156篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 5篇 |
2023年 | 15篇 |
2022年 | 50篇 |
2021年 | 79篇 |
2020年 | 38篇 |
2019年 | 58篇 |
2018年 | 30篇 |
2017年 | 33篇 |
2016年 | 48篇 |
2015年 | 43篇 |
2014年 | 47篇 |
2013年 | 76篇 |
2012年 | 67篇 |
2011年 | 69篇 |
2010年 | 51篇 |
2009年 | 49篇 |
2008年 | 61篇 |
2007年 | 57篇 |
2006年 | 36篇 |
2005年 | 25篇 |
2004年 | 28篇 |
2003年 | 35篇 |
2002年 | 40篇 |
2001年 | 17篇 |
2000年 | 15篇 |
1999年 | 23篇 |
1998年 | 28篇 |
1997年 | 16篇 |
1996年 | 20篇 |
1995年 | 11篇 |
1994年 | 12篇 |
1993年 | 13篇 |
1992年 | 12篇 |
1991年 | 7篇 |
1990年 | 8篇 |
1989年 | 11篇 |
1988年 | 10篇 |
1987年 | 7篇 |
1986年 | 4篇 |
1985年 | 7篇 |
1984年 | 4篇 |
1983年 | 7篇 |
1980年 | 6篇 |
1979年 | 2篇 |
1977年 | 4篇 |
1976年 | 2篇 |
1974年 | 4篇 |
1973年 | 3篇 |
1972年 | 2篇 |
1970年 | 2篇 |
排序方式: 共有1306条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
91.
Rubn Núez Chen Jin Marta Victoria Csar Domínguez Stephen Askins Rebeca Herrero Ignacio Antn Gabriel Sala 《Progress in Photovoltaics: Research and Applications》2016,24(9):1214-1228
Multi‐junction solar cells are widely used in high‐concentration photovoltaic systems (HCPV) attaining the highest efficiencies in photovoltaic energy generation. This technology is more dependent on the spectral variations of the impinging Direct Normal Irradiance (DNI) than conventional photovoltaics based on silicon solar cells and consequently demands a deeper knowledge of the solar resource characteristics. This article explores the capabilities of spectral indexes, namely, spectral matching ratios (SMR), to spectrally characterize the annual irradiation reaching a particular location on the Earth and to provide the necessary information for the spectral optimization of a MJ solar cell in that location as a starting point for CPV module spectral tuning. Additionally, the relationship between such indexes and the atmosphere parameters, such as the aerosol optical depth (AOD), precipitable water (PW), and air mass (AM), is discussed using radiative transfer models such as SMARTS to generate the spectrally resolved DNI. The network of ground‐based sun and sky‐scanning radiometers AErosol RObotic NETwork (AERONET) is exploited to obtain the atmosphere parameters for a selected bunch of 34 sites worldwide. Finally, the SMR indexes are obtained for every location, and a comparative analysis is carried out for four architectures of triple junction solar cells, covering both lattice match and metamorphic technologies. The differences found among cell technologies are much less significant than among locations. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
92.
Crosslinked, monodisperse PNIPAM particles were synthesized by precipitation polymerization. The particle size was measured by dynamic light scattering (DLS), capillary hydrodynamic fractionation (CHDF), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Two different polymerization methods were used to prepare PNIPAM/PS core/shell particles, both above and below the volume phase transition temperature (VPPT) using either a semibatch or seeded semibatch polymerization process. In both processes, uniform “raspberry” structures were obtained in which polystyrene formed small domains on the surface of the PNIPAM particles. The resulting core and shell structure was confirmed by temperature‐dependent particle size and density gradient experiments. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010 相似文献
93.
Alvaro-Fuentes J Arrúe JL Gracia R López MV 《The Science of the total environment》2007,378(1-2):179-182
During decades, in semiarid rainfed Aragon, intensive soil tillage and low crop residue input have led to the loss of soil structure and soil degradation. Conservation tillage and cropping intensification can improve soil structure in these areas. The objective of this study was to determine the influence of three different tillage systems (traditional tillage, reduced tillage and no-tillage) under two cropping systems (fallow-barley rotation and barley monoculture) on soil aggregation dynamics during a cropping season. A decrease in tillage intensity resulted in a higher mean size of dry aggregates and a greater water aggregate stability in both cropping systems particularly under no-tillage. 相似文献
94.
The use of azo dyes in industrial activities generates a large volume of contaminated wastewater; these pollutants in water bodies affect aquatic biota and human health. A functional biocomposite sorbent material was synthesized using cross-linked chitosan with oxalic acid that forms a coating on alumina ceramic particles (AOCh). The removal of Reactive Red 195, a reactive azo dye, using a fixed-bed adsorption column filled with this material was tested. AOCh was physico-chemically characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy–total attenuated reflection (FTIR-ATR), scanning electron microscopy–energy dispersion spectrometry X-ray (SEM-EDS), X-ray diffraction (XDR), thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA), and Z-potential. The dynamic adsorption performance was analyzed from experimental breakthrough curves obtained in fixed-bed columns by modifying different operating conditions (bed depth, volumetric flow rate, and dye inlet concentration). Equilibrium adsorption isotherms were determined under dynamic conditions and compared with batch results. The maximum adsorption capacity of the dynamic equilibrium isotherm obtained from the continuous assays was 331 mg/g; this value was the highest in comparison to other tested materials reported in the literature. Different dynamic adsorption models were applied to fit experimental data, including Thomas, Bohart–Admas, Yoon–Nelson, logistic general model, bed depth surface time (BDST), and modified dose response (Yan) models. A critical analysis of these equations was presented, showing the equivalences and the relationship among the coefficients. The Yan model achieved the highest level of agreement between the experimental and predicted values of the breakthrough curves. The use of this model enables scaling-up the industrial process for dye removal. The present work proposed a novel biosorbent material and contributes to the analysis of industrial dye removal under dynamic conditions. 相似文献
95.
M Victoria Avanza M Cristina Añón 《Journal of the science of food and agriculture》2007,87(4):616-623
The effect of thermal treatment of proteins from Amaranthus hypochondriacus was studied. Two protein isolates were obtained from the defatted flour by water extraction at a pH of 9 (A9 isolate) and 11 (A11 isolate), followed by isoelectric precipitation at a pH of 5. Effect of thermal treatment (70 and 90 °C, during 3, 5, 10, 15 and 30 min) on A9 and A11 dispersions were analyzed by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, UV spectrophotometry, superficial hydrophobicity and solubility in water. Thermal treatment induced the aggregate formation of high molecular mass stabilized by disulfide and non‐covalent bond. Thermal treatment at 70 °C produced a 30% denaturation in both, while at 90 °C A9 was more denatured than A11 (75% and 55% of denaturation, respectively). An increase in thermal stability was also detected by DSC in A9 treated at 90 °C. The denaturation process was accompanied at short heating times by an increase in UV absorbance and changes in superficial hydrophobicity. A decrease in water solubility (35–50%, depending on time–temperature conditions) was also observed for the A9 isolates. The results suggest that the A9 isolates, enriched in a globulin protein fraction, are more sensitive to thermal treatment than isolates A11 enriched in glutelin protein fraction. The changes shown by both isolates, indeed, could affect their functional properties and could definitely limit their use in food products. Copyright © 2007 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
96.
Localization and speciation of chromium in subterranean clover using XRF, XANES, and EPR spectroscopy 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Howe JA Loeppert RH DeRose VJ Hunter DB Bertsch PM 《Environmental science & technology》2003,37(18):4091-4097
Optimization of phytoremediation and assessment of potential health hazards from metals in the environment requires an understanding of absorption, localization, and transport of the target metal by plants. The objectives of this study were to localize Cr and determine the oxidation state and possible complexation mode of Cr in intact plant tissue by means of XANES, synchrotron XRF microprobe spectroscopy, and EPR spectroscopy. Subterranean clover (Trifolium brachycalycinum) was grown hydroponically with Cr(VI) (0.04-2.0 mmol L(-1)) and compared with plants grown without Cr and with inorganic Cr(III) and various Cr(III)-organic sources. The uptake, translocation, and form of Cr in the plant were dependent on the form and concentration of supplied Cr. Chromium was found predominately in the +3 oxidation state, regardless of the Cr source supplied to the plant, though at high Cr(VI) treatment concentrations, Cr(VI) and Cr(V) were also observed. At low Cr(VI) concentrations, the plant effectively reduced the toxic Cr(VI) to less toxic Cr(III), which was observed both as a Cr(III) hydroxide phase at the roots and as a Cr(III)-organic complex in the roots and shoots. At low Cr(VI) treatment concentrations, Cr in the leaves was observed predominately around the leaf margins, while at higher concentrations Cr was accumulated at leaf veins. 相似文献
97.
Navas J Ortiz S López P López V Martínez-Suárez JV 《Journal of food protection》2007,70(12):2851-2854
This study aimed to evaluate the effect of different enrichment procedures on the detection of Listeria monocytogenes in food, by a comparison of subculture onto chromogenic agar with real-time PCR. Two different culture media, the primary and secondary enrichment broths of the U.S. Food Safety and Inspection Service (FSIS) method used for PCR detection of L. monocytogenes, were compared for the primary enrichment of retail ground chicken samples. L. monocytogenes was detected after the completion of each enrichment procedure in 63% (complete FSIS procedure) and 60% (plain FSIS secondary enrichment broth incubated for 48 h) of the samples by both culture and PCR, whereas a combination of the results for the two enrichment procedures revealed 86% of the samples to be positive. Most of the samples analyzed contained a mixture of lineage I and II strains, and their ratio varied for each enrichment procedure. This mixture could have a significant effect on the result of detection of L. monocytogenes for each individual sample, explaining the increase in positive samples when the results of the two enrichment procedures were combined. The use of different isolation procedures can affect the specific samples identified as positive and the specific strains isolated. 相似文献
98.
Ultra‐high‐pressure homogenization (UHPH) system for producing high‐quality vegetable‐based beverages: physicochemical,microbiological, nutritional and toxicological characteristics
下载免费PDF全文
![点击此处可从《Journal of the science of food and agriculture》网站下载免费的PDF全文](/ch/ext_images/free.gif)
99.
Victoria Watson 《The Journal of Architecture》2013,18(1):99-112
This paper looks at two theoretical statements about ‘space’, both of which are grounded in a vitalist philosophy. The first is Henri Lefebvre's formulation of ‘spatial architectonics’, a structure of concepts which he develops in The Production of Space; the second is Mies van der Rohe's intuition of something he termed ‘authentic form’, a means of triggering new experiences and understandings through sensual engagement with space. Since there are other philosophers and other architects whose thinking about space has been influenced by vitalist philosophy, the discussion will begin with an explanation as to why Lefebvre and van der Rohe have been selected for reciprocal examination. 相似文献
100.
Isotopic transient tracer techniques have been employed to study heterogeneous hydroformylation on Rh/SiO2 and Mn–Rh/SiO2. Pulse injection of D2 and
allowed tracing of the deuterium and CO incorporation pathway into the aldehyde product. The d1- and d2-propionaldehyde responses showed a double-peak, or two-hump, response to the D2 pulse, while
showed a single-hump response to the
pulse. Analysis of the product responses to the D2 pulse in CO/H2/C2H4 and CO/H2/C2H4/C2H5CHO suggests that the first hump of the d1- and d2-propionaldehyde responses was due to rapid H/D exchange with adsorbed propionaldehyde via enol intermediates. The decay of the second hump was due to reaction of adsorbed acyl with spillover hydrogen/deuterium. The
response was due to CO insertion followed by acyl hydrogenation. Compartment modeling of the product responses from the
and D2 pulse inputs allowed determination of residence times of adsorbed intermediates, surface coverages of adsorbed intermediates, and the elementary rate constants for acyl hydrogenation and CO insertion. Elementary rate constants for acyl hydrogenation determined from this study were consistent with the value calculated by transition state theory (TST). The addition of Mn promoter to Rh/SiO2 increased coverages of
,
, and
and shifted the rate-limiting step for propionaldehyde formation. Acyl hydrogenation is the rate-limiting step on Rh/SiO2 while CO insertion and acyl hydrogenation are both kinetically significant on Mn–Rh/SiO2. 相似文献