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排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 184 毫秒
941.
942.
DZ Xiang EK Verbeken AT Van Lommel M Stas I De Wever 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1998,28(2):260-271
PURPOSE: After catheterization, 42% to 100% of central venous catheters are surrounded by a "fibrin sleeve." This sleeve has been considered the cause of catheter-related infections, withdrawal occlusion, and pulmonary embolism. The reactions between the vein wall and the catheter were studied. METHODS: A silicone catheter was placed in the anterior caval vein of 123 rats. After in situ fixation at scheduled intervals, the pathologic changes were studied on semi-serial histologic sections by means of light microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). In 36 rats, the catheter was withdrawn immediately; in 72 rats, it was left in situ up to 6 months; and in 15 rats, the study was performed up to 10 months after withdrawal of a catheter that had remained in situ for 6 months. RESULTS: In the group in which the catheter was withdrawn immediately, mural thrombi disappeared by day 7. In the group in which the catheter remained in situ, thrombi remained around the proximal portion of the catheter. This pericatheter thrombosis (PCT) was invaded by migrating and proliferating smooth muscle cells (SMCs), originating from an injured vein wall, and transformed from day 7 into a tissue composed predominantly of SMCs and collagen and covered by endothelial cells. Later, the number of cells decreased, and the relative amount of collagen increased. Up to 10 months after withdrawal of the catheter, the collapsed sleeve was still present within the vein. CONCLUSION: The sleeve around a central venous catheter is not a fibrin sleeve, but a stable cellular-collagen tissue covered by endothelium. It is mainly formed by smooth muscle cells migrating from the injured vein wall into the early pericatheter thrombus. 相似文献
943.
采用马弗炉和四角燃烧炉对煤中矿物质在加热过程中组分和含量变化利用X-射线衍射进行分析。结果表明,在燃烧炉内煤灰矿物质行为与在马弗炉内加热煤灰的矿物质行为基本一致;煤灰矿物质行为与原煤中矿物组成及含量关系较大。 相似文献
944.
945.
依据GB7714-87《文后参考文献著录规则》,对390篇来稿所引用的参考文献进行统计,分析了几种不规范的著录方式,并给出正确的表达方法,可为科技论文写作者及科技期刊编缉提供参考。 相似文献
946.
Xiang Y 《Applied optics》1998,37(13):2637-2639
One-step two-wavelength holography is obtained with twointerferometric beams with different wavelengths by means of apolarizing modulation produced by a liquid-crystal lightvalve. This holographic method eliminates the need for preliminarystatic recording of the hologram and permits one-step two-wavelengthholographic testing to produce results easily in real time. 相似文献
947.
948.
In this work, we directly observed the evolution of air/water interfaces suspended between polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) microlines
when water droplets reduced their sizes due to evaporation. The inclined angles of the microline sidewalls were slightly larger
than 90°. Two important phenomena were observed regarding the transition from Cassie–Baxter to Wenzel States. First, when
a water droplet gradually shrank, an air/water interface between two neighboring microlines increased its deflection but decreased
its angle with the vertical direction. In the meanwhile, the two edges of this interface were still at the top corners of
the two microlines. Second, once water passed the top corners of these two microlines, it kept moving down and filled the
gap. Based on these two phenomena, the equilibrium of a triple line and the uniformity of pressure inside a small water droplet,
critical values of droplet sizes and Laplace pressure were derived to predict when the transition would occur on microlines.
The derived theoretical relationships indicate that air/water interfaces may be stationary on both top corners and sidewalls
of microlines if the inclined angles of the microline sidewalls are less than 90°. Otherwise, the interfaces can only be stationary
at the top corners of the microlines. The predicted values of droplet sizes for the case that the inclined angles of these
sidewalls are larger than 90° were validated by experimental results on three arrays of PDMS microlines. In addition, we also
directly observed the evolution of air/water interfaces on PDMS microlines when a water droplet was slowly pressed using a
glass slide. The critical values of the droplet sizes derived in the case of evaporation applied to this pressing case as
well, and had a good match with experimental results on the three arrays of PDMS microlines. In addition to the cases of evaporation
and pressing, the theoretical relationships derived in this work may also apply to other cases, in which Laplace pressure
is gradually increased inside a liquid droplet and half sizes of the droplet are less than the capillary length of the liquid.
Finally, based on developed transition criteria, a set of criteria were also proposed to design microlines for reducing the
critical droplet size that triggers the transitions from Cassie–Baxter to Wenzel States. 相似文献
949.
950.
介绍数据结构的基本概念,讨论对数据结构课程的认知,提出教材编写过程中的几个要点,强调案例驱动教学模式在教材编写中的重要性,从而形成教材自身的特色。 相似文献