标牌粘连字符自适应定位分割重建与识别

目的 针对仪表、电梯等标牌上一些字符间距较小,传统分割方法分割不准确,字符识别率不高的问题,提出了一种标牌粘连字符自适应定位分割重建识别算法。方法 首先对标牌图像进行中值滤波、二值化等预处理;其次运用数学形态学方法对预处理后的图像进行开运算及腐蚀,将字符间一些无用的信息去掉,增大字符间距;继而通过形心算法找出每个字符的几何中心,并通过Sobel边缘检测算子根据几何中心获取每个字符边框,建立ROI（region of interest）,再返回标牌原图利用已经建立的ROI从中分割字符,依据国家字符间距相关标准,在分割的每个字符后加一定像素宽的矩形间隔条后重建字符图像,再进行OCR（optical character recognition）字符识别。结果 经过对993块标牌进行字符识别实验,算法的识别率达到95.7%。结论 实验结果表明本文算法是对标牌字符识别的一种有效算法。     

Viscoelastic and Processing Effects on the Fiber-Matrix Interphase Strength. Part III. The Effects of Postcure

A novel method for tailoring the interphase of carbon fiber-polymer composites by resistive electric heating is presented. The single-fiber fragmentation test is used to investigate the adhesion and fracture properties of the interphase. Electric resistive heating is shown to increase adhesion and toughness at the interphase region. In analyzing the results, the strength and fracture energy of the interphase are related to the thermal postcure conditions created by resistive electric heating. For this purpose, a difference analysis method is used to obtain a numerical solution for the heat conduction problem in the single-fiber test specimen and the temperature distributions are determined. Improvements obtained by using resistive electric heating of the carbon fiber are compared with those obtained by postcuring of the whole sample via convective thermal postcuring. The results obtained using these two different postcure methods seem to be similar.     

Preparation and characterization of strongly swellable modified-lignosulfonate hydrogel particles

Lignosulfonate is one of the main byproducts of paper industry. The development and research activities on this important substance have drawn widespread interest in the world. Sodium lignosulfonate was modified by heating in acidic environment and then transferred the modified sodium lignosulfonate into sodium hydroxide solution for further stirring. An insoluble fraction was separated and washed thoroughly with de-ionized water to neutral. Finally, the modified sodium lignosulfonate hydrogel particles were obtained. The obtained hydrogel particles were ultrasonically dispersed in water to form a modified sodium lignosulfonate micro-hydrogel with mean sizes of 300–400 nm. This indicated that the modified sodium lignosulfonate hydrogel particles were generated by the agglomeration of modified sodium lignosulfonate micro-hydrogel. The hydrogel particles were characterized by physical and spectral methods involving infrared radiation, thermogravimetric analysis, dynamic light scattering, and scanning electron microscope. The xerogels formed by drying modification of sodium lignosulfonate hydrogel particles showed a high water-adsorption of 31.2 g/g. In addition, the effect of reaction parameters on water swelling capacity and xerogel yield were also investigated, which include heating temperature, base treatment temperature, and concentration of sodium hydroxide solution. The research results indicated that the yield of modified sodium lignosulfonate hydrogel increases with higher heating temperature and decreases with higher alkali treatment temperature and concentration of sodium hydroxide solution. The water swelling capacity of the modified sodium lignosulfonate hydrogel increased slightly with higher heating temperature, but remained unaffected by the alkali treatment temperature and concentration of sodium hydroxide.     

基于ADF4350的S频段锁相频率合成器设计

频率合成器是现代通信系统中的一个重要组成部分,在数字通信、卫星通信、遥测遥控、雷达、导航等领域有着广泛应用。ADF4350是ADI推出的一款具有低相位噪声的宽带频率合成器。文中介绍了锁相频率合成技术的基本原理和性能指标,给出了一种利用ADF4350实现频率合成器的硬件结构和实现方法,并对其主要指标进行了测试,测试结果表明,该频率合成器表现出较好的散射水平和较低的相位噪声。     

海拉尔盆地乌南地区油藏地质特征及成藏控制因素

海拉尔盆地乌南地区油气主要富集在乌东斜坡带,油水垂向分布主要为上油下干和上油下水,无统一的油水界面,是受岩性、断裂双重控制的岩性——断块油藏.应用镜质体反射率对乌南地区的主要油源区进行了分析,并通过埋深曲线对生油时间进行了判断:乌南次凹为油气主要生成区;生成期为伊敏组至青元岗组沉积时期.在此基础上,通过断层、局部构造与不整合、沉积砂体与断层关系3方面对成藏控制因素进行研究:断层在成藏过程中起到了重要作用,长期活动的大断层为油气的运移提供了良好的通道;断块内构造部位的高低控制了油水分布;油源断层切割了沉积砂体,油气沿断层进入对接砂体,向高部位运聚成藏.     

基于广义双曲正切模型的非线性直接自适应模糊控制

基于广义模糊双曲正切模型可以逼近定义在紧集上任意连续函数的特点,提出一种基于广义双曲正切模型的直接自适应模糊控制。利用广义双曲正切模型的自适应可调参数远小于模糊规则的特殊结构,可以在保证控制精度的同时,避免高精度模糊控制器因为模糊规则数量激增而带来的计算膨胀问题,节约了运算成本,提高了控制器的运行效率。仿真结果表明,和传统的直接自适应模糊控制相比,该控制算法精度更好,运算成本更低。     

基于冲击响应特性的10kV电缆网络缺陷定位方法

为了在10 k V电缆网络中确定缺陷的位置,提出了一种根据电缆在冲击电压下的不同响应特征对电缆进行绝缘诊断的新方法。在PSCAD/EMTDC中建立了工频叠加冲击电压下10 k V电缆网络仿真模型,分析了电流、电压在主电缆馈线上的暂态传播特性,利用电流变化表征电缆缺陷,判断缺陷位置。通过传播特性仿真发现,在冲击源的两侧电流呈双极性,而电压呈单极性。在仿真中设置电缆缺陷,发现了测试电缆段两侧的电流在有缺陷和无缺陷的情况下有明显区别。通过对比电缆在出现缺陷前后主馈线各节点的电流波形变化,能够判断电缆缺陷所在的位置。     

SBR在全钢载重子午线轮胎下三角胶中的应用

研究丁苯橡胶(SBR)在全钢载重子午线轮胎下三角胶中的应用。结果表明:将全钢载重子午线轮胎下三角胶中的生胶由NR调整为NR与SBR并用(并用比为80/20),并调整硫化体系,胶料的门尼焦烧时间、硫化速度和硬度变化不大,定伸应力略有提高,拉伸强度及拉断伸长率略有降低,拉断永久变形减小,耐热老化性能和成品轮胎胎圈耐久性能相当,成本明显降低。     

青霉素G亚砜对甲氧基苄基酯的合成

以青霉素G钾盐为原料,用过氧乙酸进行氧化,得到青霉素G亚砜;再以对甲氧基苄氯对青霉素G亚砜进行酯化,得到青霉素G亚砜对甲氧基苄酯,两步总收率为86%。     

环境影响评价中的公众参与存在的问题研究综述

随着人们环境意识的提高,公众参与已经成为环境影响评价中不可或缺的环节之一,同时,公众参与在环境保护管理中也发挥着重要的作用。但在实际环境影响评价实践中,公众参与仍存在着许多问题。文章通过公众参与的参与主体、实施主体、信息传递过程、公众参与的制度和形式四个方面概述分析公众参与存在的问题,并提出简要的对策。