Synthesis of dodecylbenzene via the alkylation of benzene and 1-dodecene over mesopore Beta zeolites

The alkylation of benzene with long chain α-olefins is a crucial process in the production of fine chemicals, which requires the upgrading from traditional homogeneous catalysis to heterogeneous catalysis involving zeolites. However, the application of zeolite catalysts has been limited by their fast deactivation due to constrained diffusion resulting from the sole micropores. To address this challenge, a desilication and secondary-crystallization strategy has been employed to fabricate hierarchically structured mesoporous Beta zeolites. The resultant mesoporous Beta zeolites demonstrate excellent catalytic activity and stability in the alkylation of benzene with 1-dodecene, arising from the exposed acid sites and enhanced internal diffusion. Importantly, the internal diffusion limitations for these mesopore Beta zeolites are negligible, which significantly extends their lifetime and improves their regeneration performance. To achieve these benefits, the degree of mesopores must be deliberately controlled. Overall, this approach provides a promising solution for achieving efficient and environmentally friendly alkylation processes.     

Measurement and prediction of isothermal vapor–liquid equilibrium of a-pinene + camphene/longifolene + abietic acid + palustric acid + neoabietic acid systems

The vapor–liquid equilibrium(VLE) data of a-pinene + camphene + [abietic acid + palustric acid + neoabietic acid] and a-pinene + longifolene + [abietic acid + palustric acid + neoabietic acid] systems at 313.15 K,333.15 K and 358.15 K were measured by headspace gas chromatography(HSGC). These data was compared with the predictions value by conductor-like screening model for realistic solvation(COSMO-RS).Moreover, the calculated data of COSMO-RS and Non-Random Two-Liquids(NRTL) models showed good...     

造纸企业能量系统"三环节"模型的建立及应用探讨(Ⅱ)--造纸企业能量系统用能分析与评价

根据"三环节"能量结构模型,对某造纸企业的能量系统进行了热量平衡、(火用)平衡以及能量效率进行了计算和分析,并分别对能量利用环节、能量回收环节和能量转换环节的能量利用、能量回收和能量转换效率进行了评价,分析研究了该厂各环节能量效率低下的因素,指出该厂具有巨大的节能潜力.     

激光对人眼的危害和防护

叙述了激光对人眼的危害作用，阐明了激光防护的重要性。列出了激光防护镜的标准。介绍了如何选择激光防护镜。     

一类非线性系统结构适应式预报器及其应用

本文给出一种变结构式推广的递推梯度算法和一类非线性系统结构适应式预报器。这种算法能够自动改变模型的结构。通过油田预报实践,表明这种预报器能跟踪系统结构性变化,从而提高变结构系统的预报精度。     

无腹筋混凝土短梁受剪承载力尺寸效应研究

《混凝土结构设计规范》(GB 50010—2010)中对于短梁受剪承载力的计算没有考虑梁高的影响,而现有研究表明无腹筋梁的抗剪承载力随梁有效高度的增加而降低。梁受剪尺寸效应的作用机制并没有统一的认识。为研究无腹筋梁的受剪尺寸效应及作用机制,设计了2组8根无腹筋梁,高度为200～1600mm,剪跨比为2.0。三点简支加载。获取了荷载 挠度曲线、纵筋应变、混凝土应变、裂缝宽度、裂缝张开 滑移位移。计算了临界斜裂缝上的应力。搜集并分析了已有的梁受剪尺寸效应试验数据。研究结果表明：无腹筋短梁抗剪承载力存在尺寸效应;骨料咬合机制对无腹筋短梁抗剪承载力贡献有限;受压区未开裂混凝土的强度具有明显的尺寸效应,进而引起了梁抗剪承载力的尺寸效应;我国规范中短梁和不配置抗剪钢筋的单向厚板的抗剪承载力计算公式基本合理,但对部分短梁和大尺寸梁的受剪承载力预测可能偏于不安全,建议在可靠度校准的基础上适当调整。     

高应力节理软岩巷道变形特征及其变形机理

为了解决高应力大变形节理软岩巷道支护控制难题,本文以贵州木孔煤矿+600 m运输大巷作为研究对象,进行现场调查原支护巷道围岩变形情况,分析围岩体物理力学性质,测定矿物成分,模拟围岩体节理分布状况,并研究了该巷道变形破坏特征及其变形机理.最后,通过对改进支护方案后的巷道进行现场实测数据收集,分析并验证新支护方案的合理性和有效性.     

Level and source of 129I of environmental samples in Xi'an region, China

Iodine-129 is widely used as a tracer in various environmental practices such as monitoring of nuclear environmental safety, seawater exchange and transport, geochemical cycle of stable iodine and dating of geological events. The spatial distribution of ¹²⁹I concentration varies significantly on global scale because of anthropogenic input from nuclear activities coupled with scarcity of data on environmental ¹²⁹I variability in many parts of the world including Asia. Here we report new data on ¹²⁹I and ¹²⁷I concentrations in soil, vegetation, river water and precipitation collected from Xi'an area, China. The results indicate values for environmental ¹²⁹I/¹²⁷I ratios in the investigated area range from 1.1 × 10^− 10 to 43.5 × 10^− 10 with a mean of 20.6 × 10^− 10, which is 1-3 orders of magnitude lower than the ratios observed in Europe, but comparable with those observed in the locations far from direct effect of point release sources and at similar latitude. The main source of ¹²⁹I in the investigated area is attributed to the global fallout of both atmospheric nuclear weapons testing and long distance dispersion of fuel reprocessing releases.     

燃气组成改变对均热炉热效率的影响

运用CFD软件对均热炉的燃烧进行了数值模拟,分析了燃气组成变化对均热炉燃烧温度、烟气辐射强度、炉内流场和炉内温度场均匀性的影响。在理论分析的基础上对均热炉进行了实际测试。不同燃气组成,在热值相近或相差较大的情况下对均热炉的热效率均有很大影响,均热炉仍有节能减排潜力。     

龙羊峡和拉西瓦水电站多分支发电机主保护设计对比

在吸取国外大型水电站发电机主保护设计成功经验的基础上,龙羊峡水电站在国内首次采用多回路分析法计算发电机内部短路,以校验保护灵敏度,现场运行已证明龙羊峡发电机主保护设计的正确性。随着发电机主保护设计技术的发展,拉西瓦水电站发电机主保护设计则是在全面的内部短路分析计算的基础上,经定量化的设计过程而完成。针对该奇数多分支发电机的故障特点,首先采用相隔引出方式构成不完全裂相横差保护,然后通过合理选择零序电流型横差保护以形成对不完全裂相横差保护性能的补充;差动保护用TPY型电流互感器的正确选型,为上述主保护配置方案优异性能的实现提供了坚实的保障。