Eine neue Methode des Nachweises der Schalen im Kakao

Ohne ZusammenfassungMitteilung aus dem pharmakognostischen Universitäts-Institut in Wien. Vorstand: Hofrat Prof. Dr. J. Moeller.     

A cutting force model for finishing processes using helical end mills with significant runout

Analytical cutting force models play an important role in a wide array of simulation approaches of milling processes. The accuracy of the simulated processes directly depends on the predictive power of the applied cutting force model, which may vary under specific circumstances. End milling processes with small radial cutting depths, e.g. finishing processes, are particularly problematic. In this case, the tool runout, which is usually neglected in established cutting force models, can become quite significant. Within this article, well-known cutting force models are implemented for runout-prone finishing processes and modified by integrating additional parameters. A method is presented for how these additional runout parameters can be efficiently determined alongside commonly used cutting coefficients. For this purpose, a large number of milling experiments have been performed where the cutting forces were directly measured using a stationary dynamometer. The measured cutting forces were compared with the simulated cutting forces to verify and assess the modified model. By using the presented model and calibration method, cutting forces can be accurately predicted even for small radial cutting depths and significant tool runout.     

Raumplanungskompetenzen in Angelegenheiten der Grundversorgung von Asylwerbern

Bisher wurde in Lehre und Rechtsprechung nur fragmentarisch er?rtert, wie Raumplanungskompetenzen in Bezug auf die Schaffung und Erhaltung einer Infrastruktur zur Versorgung und Betreuung hilfsbedürftiger Asylwerber von der Bundesverfassung verteilt werden. Die schwierige Standortfindung für die (im Regierungsprogramm zur XXIV. Gesetzgebungsperiode vorgesehene) "Erstaufnahmestelle-Süd" hat gezeigt, dass diese Frage nicht nur von hoher praktischer Relevanz ist, sondern auch politische Brisanz aufweist. Im vorliegenden Beitrag wird versucht, die einschl?gigen Gesetzgebungskompetenzen von Bund und L?ndern voneinander abzugrenzen sowie, auf Ebene der Vollziehung, das Verh?ltnis von ?rtlicher und über?rtlicher Raumplanung betreffend Asyl-Erstaufnahmestellen zu kl?ren.     

Existence of unmixed solutions of the discrete-time algebraic Riccati equation and a nonstrictly bounded real lemma

The existence of a solution of the discrete-time algebraic Riccati equation is established assuming modulus controllability and positive semidefiniteness on the unit circle of the Popov function. As an application a nonstrictly bounded real lemma is obtained.     

Travelling Taylor vortices in closed systems

Summary Travelling Taylor vortices between conical cylinders and a cone-cylinder combination are described. The flow results from a rotating inner cone and an outer shell at rest. Due to different centrifugal forces on the cone's surface one obtains a three-dimensional laminar basic flow and regions of subcritical and supercritical flows in the annulus. By some specific bifurcation sequences a rich variety of flow patterns occurs. The generated Taylor vortices can be steady or unsteady, toroidal or helical. Depending on different initial and boundary conditions, toroidal or helical vortices travel through a closed system. Furthermore, combinations of steady toroidal and unsteady helical vortices are possible. The influence of the governing parameters is discussed.     

A Survey of Real‐Time Hard Shadow Mapping Methods

Because of its versatility, speed and robustness, shadow mapping has always been a popular algorithm for fast hard shadow generation since its introduction in 1978, first for offline film productions and later increasingly so in real‐time graphics. So it is not surprising that recent years have seen an explosion in the number of shadow map related publications. Because of the abundance of articles on the topic, it has become very hard for practitioners and researchers to select a suitable shadow algorithm, and therefore many applications miss out on the latest high‐quality shadow generation approaches. The goal of this survey is to rectify this situation by providing a detailed overview of this field. We show a detailed analysis of shadow mapping errors and derive a comprehensive classification of the existing methods. We discuss the most influential algorithms, consider their benefits and shortcomings and thereby provide the readers with the means to choose the shadow algorithm best suited to their needs.     

奥钢联近终形异型坯浇铸技术

1前言 奥钢联近终形异型坯浇铸技术对于大型和中型型钢以及工字梁,与薄板坯生产扁材产品具有同样的优点.     

Brefeldin A inhibits cell-free, de novo synthesis of poliovirus

Brefeldin A (BFA), an inhibitor of intracellular vesicle-dependent secretory transport, is a potent inhibitor of poliovirus RNA replication in infected cells. We have determined that the unknown mechanism of BFA inhibition of replication is reproduced in the cell-free poliovirus translation, replication, and encapsidation system. Furthermore, we provide evidence suggesting that the cellular mechanism targeted by BFA, the GTP-dependent synthesis of secretory transport vesicles, may be involved in viral RNA replication in the system via a soluble cellular GTP-binding and -hydrolyzing activity. This activity is related to the ARF (ADP-ribosylation factor) family of GTP-binding proteins. ARFs are required for the formation of several classes of secretory vesicles, and some family members are indirectly inactivated by BFA. Peptides that function as competitive inhibitors of ARF activity in cell-free transport systems also inhibit poliovirus RNA replication, and this inhibitory effect can be countered by the addition of exogenous ARF. We suggest that BFA inhibition of replication is diagnostic of a requirement for ARF activity in the cell-free system.