Measurement device-independent quantum key distribution with heralded pair coherent state

The original measurement device-independent quantum key distribution is reviewed, and a modified protocol using heralded pair coherent state (HPCS) is proposed to overcome the quantum bit error rate associated with the dark count rate of the detectors in long-distance quantum key distribution. Our simulation indicates that the secure transmission distance can be improved evidently with HPCS owing to the lower probability of vacuum events when compared with weak coherent source scenario, while the secure key rate can be increased with HPCS due to the higher probability of single-photon events when compared with heralded single-photon source scenario. Furthermore, we apply the finite key analysis to the decoy state MDI-QKD with HPCS and obtain a practical key rate.     

A noninvasive method to predict fluid viscosity and nanoparticle size using total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy (TIRFM) imaging

This study examines the development of an automated particle tracking algorithm to predict the hindered Brownian movement of fluorescent nanoparticles within an evanescent wave field created using total internal reflection fluorescent microscopy. The two-dimensional motion of the fluorescent nanoparticles was tracked, with sub-pixel resolution, by fitting the intensity distribution of the particles to a known Gaussian distribution, thus providing the particle center within a single pixel. Spherical yellow-green polystyrene nanoparticles (200, 500, and 1000 nm in diameter) were suspended in deionized water (control), 10 wt% d-glucose, and 10 wt% glycerol solutions, with 1 mM of NaCl added to each. The motion of tracked nanoparticles was compared with the theoretical tangential hindered Brownian motion to estimate particle diameters and fluid viscosity using a nonlinear regression technique. The automatic tracking algorithm was initially validated by comparing the automated results with manually tracked particles, 1 µm in size. Our results showed that both particle size and solution viscosity were accurately predicted from the experimental mean square displacement. Specifically, the results show that the error of particle size prediction is below 10 % and the error of solution viscosity prediction is less than 1 %. The proposed automatic analysis tool could prove to be useful in bio-application fields for examination of single protein tracking, drug delivery, and cytotoxicity. Furthermore, the proposed tool could be useful in microfluidic areas such as particle tracking velocimetry and noninvasive viscosimetry.     

空间桁架结构的优化配置及振动控制研究

为抑制空间柔性桁架结构的低频振动,采用压电杆件进行优化配置实现桁架结构的振动主动控制;建立了空间桁架结构主动压电杆件的机电耦合模型,利用ANSYS前处理功能编制了压电桁架的机电耦合有限元程序;将可控性度量指标与逐步消减法相结合,实现了空间桁架结构主动杆件的优化配置;对结构进行初始位移扰动、正弦激励以及随机激励,并采用最优模态控制算法进行振动抑制仿真分析,对上述方法进行验证且建立振动控制评价指标进行评价;结果表明将可控性度量指标与逐步消减法相结合的方法可有效抑制空间柔性桁架结构的振动。     

膜组合工艺应对藻类暴发的能力研究

藻类暴发严重威胁饮用水水质以及供给。试验采用投加混凝剂、粉末活性炭和高锰酸钾作为微滤膜预处理的膜组合工艺,考察应对藻类暴发的能力。研究表明,藻类暴发会引起有机物含量的增加,主要是小分子(相对分子质量低于1 000)的中性亲水组分的大量增加,这类有机物可通过预处理得到有效的去除,因而没有发现藻类暴发会对膜过滤产生严重的影响,粉末活性炭和高锰酸钾可有效延长膜过滤周期。导致膜不可逆污染的有机物主要为中等分子的强疏水和中小分子的中性亲水组分。     

一种可验证的多候选人电子投票方案

电子投票相对传统投票具有安全、便捷、低成本的优势,近年来得到了广泛的关注。2012年孙培勇等人提出了基于多方求和的多候选人电子投票方案。经分析发现该方案不满足可验证性,给出了一种具有可验证性的多候选人电子投票方案,保证计票结果的不可欺骗性。     

state estimation with fading measurements,randomly varying nonlinearities and probabilistic distributed delays

In this paper, the state estimation problem is investigated for a class of discrete‐time stochastic systems in simultaneous presence of three network‐induced phenomena, namely, fading measurements, randomly varying nonlinearities and probabilistic distributed delays. The channel fading is characterized by the ?th‐order Rice fading model whose coefficients are mutually independent random variables with given probability density functions. Two sequences of random variables obeying the Bernoulli distribution are utilized to govern the randomly varying nonlinearities and probabilistic distributed delays. The purpose of the problem addressed is to design an state estimator such that the dynamics of the estimation errors is stochastically stable and the prespecified disturbance rejection attenuation level is guaranteed. Through intensive stochastic analysis, sufficient conditions are established under which the addressed state estimation problem is recast as a convex optimization one that can be solved via the semi‐definite program method. Finally, a simulation example is provided to show the usefulness of the proposed state estimation scheme. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

瞬态磁共振弹性成像的仿真与算法研究

磁共振弹性成像技术可以量化人体组织弹性属性。磁共振弹性成像的弹性波激励方式有稳态和瞬态两种。由于人体组织的特殊性,弹性波在组织中传播情况复杂。文章通过建立一个磁共振弹性成像的有限元仿真平台,对瞬态磁共振弹性成像技术进行数值建模,并针对瞬态磁共振弹性成像设计了基于到达时间的弹性重构算法。通过 MATLAB编程处理仿真得到的瞬态磁共振弹性成像数据,最终导出瞬态磁共振弹性成像的结果。数值平台仿真的稳态和瞬态磁共振弹性成像对比实验表明,瞬态磁共振弹性成像对于反射和衍射具有较好的抗干扰能力,对于深处的小尺寸组织,具有较高的灵敏度和较好的精准度,而基于到达时间的算法能够实现瞬态磁共振弹性成像的弹性重构。     

吉音水利枢纽竖井旋流泄洪洞水力特性试验研究

通过1∶30的水工模型对吉音水利枢纽竖井旋流泄洪洞的水流流态、压力分布、流量系数等水力特性进行了研究,分析了在进水口溢流堰末端增设掺气坎对进水口及竖井内流态及通气孔风速的影响。研究结果表明:在溢流堰末端增设掺气跌坎有利于减小溢流堰面的负压、防止空蚀破坏、简化进口体型设计,且有利于泄洪洞的安全运行。