釜式内电解法处理高浓度制药废水

提出了釜式内电解的方法 ,成功解决了以往塔式内电解中铁屑结块问题。研究了釜式内电解的最佳工艺条件。用该法对实际高浓度制药废水进行了处理 ,可生化性明显提高     

Decentralized observers with consensus filters for distributed discrete-time linear systems

This paper presents a decentralized observer with a consensus filter for the state observation of discrete-time linear distributed systems. Each agent in the distributed system has an observer with a model of the plant that utilizes the set of locally available measurements, which may not make the full plant state detectable. This lack of detectability is overcome by utilizing a consensus filter that blends the state estimate of each agent with its neighbors’ estimates. It is proven that the state estimates of the proposed observer exponentially converge to the actual plant states under arbitrarily changing, but connected, communication and pseudo-connected sensing graph topologies. Except these connectivity properties, full knowledge of the sensing and communication graphs is not needed at the design time. As a byproduct, we obtained a result on the location of eigenvalues, i.e., the spectrum, of the Laplacian for a family of graphs with self-loops.     

The morphology of MoS2, WS2, Co–Mo–S, Ni–Mo–S and Ni–W–S nanoclusters in hydrodesulfurization catalysts revealed by HAADF-STEM

HAADF-STEM studies have provided detailed morphological insight regarding MoS₂, WS₂, Co–Mo–S, Ni–Mo–S and Ni–W–S nanostructures in graphite-supported catalysts. It is found that the technique allows the catalytically active edges to be imaged even for single layer metal sulfide structures. Unpromoted MoS₂ and WS₂ are predominantly present as slightly truncated triangular clusters containing only a single S–M–S layer (M = Mo, W). The addition of promoter atoms results in more heavy truncations consistent with the expected tendency for the Co–Mo–S structures to expose promoted S-type edges at the expense of unpromoted Mo-type edges. However, the HAADF-STEM (High-Angle Annular Dark-field Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy) results show for the first time that Co–Mo–S and Ni–W–S may also expose extended high index truncations.     

Agroecological analysis and economic benefit of organic resources and fertiliser in till and no-till sorghum production after a 6-year fallow in semi-arid West Africa

A field experiment was conducted in Gampela (Burkina Faso) in 2000 and 2001 to assess the impact of organic and mineral sources of nutrients and combinations thereof in optimising crop production in till and no-till systems and to assess the economic benefit of these options. The study showed that under conditions of rainfall deficiency, the use of a single organic resource at an equivalent dose of 40 kg N ha⁻¹ better secured crop yield than the application of an equivalent amount as urea-N, while a combination of organic resources and fertiliser was better in increasing crop yield than the application of the same N amount in the form of urea. In a year of rainfall deficiency, a mix of organic resources and fertiliser in both till and no-till systems increased crop water use efficiency, with the result that the farmer was able to purchase only half of the normal quantity of N fertiliser to obtain a higher yield that he would have done when all of the N was supplied in the form of urea. Under conditions where soil N is deficient, an economic benefit was achieved when urea was combined with easily decomposable organic material (e.g. sheep dung); mixing the urea at a dose of 40 kg N ha⁻¹ with maize straw was not sufficient in alleviating the negative interaction due to the enhanced N immobilisation. The results demonstrate that the use of N fertiliser alone was risky and that a higher yield, with the accompanying economic benefit, was scarcely achieved under the prevailing rainfall conditions. The application of soil and water conservation measures can contribute greatly to increasing the economic benefit of mineral, organic or combined organic and mineral-derived nutrient application under semi-arid conditions.     

江苏省耐盐生物质能源植物选育和生物柴油制备研究

江苏省有近67万公顷沿海盐土滩涂资源,发展适应这些土地资源的油料植物对促进江苏省生物质能的产业化具有极大的促进作用.本研究针对江苏省土地资源的特点,自2001年,从江苏盐城种植了近10年的美国耐盐油料植物海滨锦葵6万株自然群体中筛选了40个优良单株,并进行了子代测定.目前已经初步选育出了海滨锦葵优良无性系,含油量从原群体平均的18 %提高到23 %.2005年首次从耐盐油料植物海滨锦葵中成功获得生物柴油实验室样品,并已经得到中石化权威机构检测数据.     

纳米尺寸硫化镍化学增感剂

本文发现了硫化镍纳米粒子对卤化银乳剂的化学增感作用，采用水不溶性的硫化镍纳米粒子作为化学增感剂，与水溶性的硫代硫酸钠增感剂相比，可以在乳剂灰雾增加不大的条件下明显提高乳剂的感光度和反差。     

三种骨灰瓷原料的制备与晶相结构

本实验采用牛、猪、羊三种骨头通过高温煅烧制备骨灰瓷原料。采用XRD和SEM方法表征三种骨灰料的晶相结构和显微结构。实验结果表明 :三种骨灰料经 14 0 0℃煅烧后均存在Ca1 0 (PO4 ) 6(OH) 2 、α -Ca3(PO4 ) 2 种晶相。在 132 0℃煅烧的三种骨灰料中 ,按牛、猪、羊顺序 ,Ca1 0 (PO4 ) 6 (OH) 2 含量分别为 87 2 %、89 1%、71 9% ;β-Ca3(PO4 ) 2 含量最高 ,其可塑性和成瓷性能好 ,从晶相上考虑选择羊骨为较佳的骨灰瓷原料。从白度和透光度上考虑选择牛骨为较佳原料。随着煅烧温度升高 ,三种骨头料的β-Ca3(PO4 ) 2 含量增加 ,羊骨和牛骨中的Ca1 0 (PO4 ) 6 (OH) 2 含量减少 ,而猪骨的Ca1 0(PO4 ) 6 (OH) 2 含量反而增加。因此煅烧温度升高对羊骨和牛骨有利 ,而对猪骨不利     

微生物絮凝剂产生菌HHE-P7的最佳培养条件研究

HHE-P7为从活性污泥中筛选出的一株高效絮凝剂产生菌。通过实验确定了HHE-P7最优营养成分和培养条件:葡萄糖为碳源,酵母膏作氮源,培养基初始pH=5.0,250mL三角瓶中装液量为140mL,种子接入量为培养液容积的2%,摇床温度30℃、转速150r/min。在此操作条件下培养2d后,所产微生物絮凝剂对高岭土悬液的凝絮率为97%,絮凝剂粗品产量达4.0g/L。     

液体消毒洗涤剂的研制

研制了具有消毒杀菌、洗涤去污双重功效的液体消毒洗涤剂 ,测定了其对金黄色葡萄球菌的杀灭效果。结果表明 ,消毒洗涤剂的杀菌效果随其浓度的增加 ,作用时间的延长而提高 ;戊二醛浓度为 2 0 0× 10 -6时 ,与金黄色葡萄球菌作用 5min ,杀灭率可达 99.99%。将消毒洗涤剂在室温下放置半年 ,戊二醛分解率为 17.3 1%     

三维薄膜型FLNG储舱晃荡载荷的数值仿真

针对浮式液化天然气(Floating Liquefied Natural Gas,FLNG)船大型储舱内的液体晃荡问题,分别以薄膜型储舱的1∶20模型及原型为研究对象,采用CFD仿真方法分析百年一遇生存海况下液舱内晃荡载荷的基本规律和危险工况.结果表明:在真实海况下,现有FLNG储舱设计中的晃荡冲击载荷主要来源于船体纵向运动,可能出现的最大冲击载荷约为0.4 MPa,主要发生在纵舱壁与横向隔水舱的拐角位置,危险载液率为20%~30%及90%.