A pair of parallel differential magnetic‐field probes with high measurement accuracy and high electric‐field suppression ratio

Magnetic‐field probes can be used for electromagnetic interference measurement of high‐speed circuits. The main magnetic probe performance includes sensitivity, spatial resolution, electric‐field suppression ratio (EFSR), and measurement accuracy. In this article, a pair of differential magnetic‐field probes is proposed to improve measurement accuracy without reducing sensitivity. The proposed differential probes consist of two asymmetric loop probes, which are designed in the same plane and separated by a row of periodic vias. The proposed differential probes are fabricated under PCB process. High accuracy can be achieved by measuring difference between outputs of the two probes. In addition, EFSR can be improved by size optimization of the differential magnetic‐field probes. Simulation and measurement results show the operating bandwidth is from 100 MHz to 12 GHz, the measurement error is 3.4% and the EFSR is about 40 dB. The proposed probes have higher measurement accuracy and higher EFSR than the conventional single probe, and larger operation bandwidth than the stacked differential probes.     

An augmented reality-based multimedia environment for experimental education

Over the last few years, there has been a growing interest in augmented reality (AR) technology for education. However, current AR education applications are often used as a new type of knowledge display platform, and they cannot fully participate in educational activities to improve educational results. To enable AR technology to participate in educational activities more effectively, according to learning-by-doing theory, we explore the form of a future experimental course and propose a new AR-based multimedia environment for experimental education. The framework of the multimedia environment consists of three components: the AR experiment authoring tool, the AR experiment application, and the management application. In this AR-based multimedia environment, teachers can independently create AR experiments using the what you see is what you get (WYSIWYG) editing method. Students can manipulate the AR-based experimental object to complete the experiment in class. Moreover, teachers can observe students’ experimental behaviour, obtain evaluations in real time, and even guide students remotely. We also present an application case of a chemistry experiment and obtain results of the usability test, demonstrating improvements in AR technology participation in educational activities.

     

基于视觉感知机制的织物疵点轮廓检测

针对传统人工织物疵点检测存在的误检及低效等问题,提出了一种基于视觉感知机制的自适应织物疵点轮廓检测方法.首先,模拟视觉系统中视网膜感受野对视觉信息的处理机制对织物疵点图像进行滤波及疵点增强;其次,依据初级视皮层(V1)区对视觉信息响应的方向选择性机制构建织物疵点图像边缘检测模型,实现对织物疵点图像的边缘检测.最后,采用自适应阈值选择的方法对检测到的边缘进行二次处理,获得织物图像疵点的轮廓.为验证本文方法的有效性和准确性,对4类织物疵点图像进行测试,并定性和定量两方面进行比较分析,结果表明文中提出的方法能够较好地检测出织物疵点轮廓信息,不仅可以得到质量较高的织物疵点轮廓图像,而且在整个检测过程中能够自适应的选择参数,避免受人的主观因素影响,具有实际的应用价值.     

面向物联网应用的SoC安全检查架构设计

物联网（IoT）应用的快速发展和软硬件开源化趋势使得IoT设备所面临的硬件安全威胁日益严峻,尤其是利用运行时条件触发的系统级攻击,很难通过传统测试方法进行检测和防御,需要提供运行时安全检查机制。分析IoT系统芯片面临的安全威胁,结合数据加密传输路径中的攻击、任务流和检查内容,设计4条功能完整性安全检查策略,搭建SoC安全策略检查架构并植入运行时触发硬件木马。仿真结果显示,运行时策略检查状态机可以检查出加密核、内存和UART接口的功能完整性问题,并通过发送错误中断信号进行反馈,证明了所设计的系统级安全策略检查架构的正确性与有效性。     

全景相机与PTZ相机联动监控系统及位置关联模型

为实现大范围监视和指定区域精细观测与分析,提出一种全景相机与PTZ相机组合的联合监控系统.通过分析两相机安装的各种位置关系,建立起了统一位置关联模型.利用所建立的位置关联模型可方便地对监视场景的目标位置从全景图像到PTZ相机图像转换,为实现场景目标的联合监控奠定基础.实验结果表明,利用该模型所计算的水平、俯仰坐标相对于其实际测量值的平均误差均小于云台相机的实际控制误差,满足系统的联动控制要求.     

基于多核学习卷积神经网络的稀疏数据推荐

针对当前稀疏数据推荐准确率低的问题,提出一种基于多核学习卷积神经网络的稀疏数据推荐算法.将项目的辅助信息送入卷积神经网络学习特征,将向量在可再生核希尔伯特空间组合,利用多核学习技术增强卷积神经网络的特征学习能力;基于学习的卷积特征集初始化非负矩阵模型,通过非负矩阵模型实现对缺失评分的预测.实验结果表明,该算法有效提高了稀疏数据集的推荐性能,验证了多核学习卷积神经网络的有效性.     

基于自动编码器的深度伪造图像检测方法

基于深度学习的图像伪造方法生成的图像肉眼难辨,一旦该技术被滥用于制作虚假图像和视频,可能会对国家政治、经济、文化造成严重的负面影响,也可能会对社会生活和个人隐私构成威胁。针对上述问题,提出了一种基于自动编码器的深度伪造Deepfake图像检测方法。首先,借助高斯滤波对图像进行预处理,提取高频信息作为模型输入;然后,利用自动编码器对图像进行特征提取,并在编码器中添加注意力机制模块以获取更好的分类效果;最后,通过消融实验证明,采用所提的预处理方法和添加注意力机制模块有助于伪造图像检测。实验结果表明,与ResNet50、Xception以及InceptionV3相比,所提方法在数据集样本量较小且包含的场景丰富时,可以有效检测多种生成方法所伪造的图像,其平均准确率可达97.10%,明显优于对比方法,且其泛化性能也明显优于对比方法。     

考虑用户偏好和平台收益的共享泊位分配模型

与机动车数量激增类似,泊位短缺也是导致城市交通拥堵主要问题之一,在不增加车位的情况下提高泊车位利用率也是解决交通拥堵的一种方法。针对城市“泊车难”和部分泊车场利用率较低的问题,考虑了用户的偏好特征,研究了一种具有用户偏好的泊车位共享策略。考虑存在三种不同的泊车方式,在中央商务区（CBD）等待泊车、共享私人泊位、共享公共泊位,运用累积前景理论分析用户的泊车成本,发现用户在不同情形下的选择存在差异。平台通过对关键路径法修改,采用了偏好分组法进行分配。算例对偏好分组的结果与采用关键路径法的分配结果进行了比较,结果表明,基于偏好分组法的分配满足了更多的用户需求,平台收益更高,为管理者提供决策参考。     

High-Precision Position Tracking Control of Electro-hydraulic Servo Systems Based on an Improved Structure and Desired Compensation

How to improve the position tracking accuracy of electro-hydraulic servo system is a hot issue today. Full state feedback control has received widespread attention for its ability to significantly improve control performance, however, its practical application range is limited in view of the large influence of measurement noise. In terms of this issue, we propose an adaptive robust controller based on improved structure and desired compensation. Firstly, to reduce the impact of measurement noise, the actual state value is substituted by the corresponding desired value in the controller design based on model compensation and the adaptive model compensator. Then, we introduce a new auxiliary variable into the controller to optimize its structure. In addition, nonlinear robust control laws are integrated in the controller to balance unstructured uncertainties. Simulation analysis shows that the proposed control strategy not only achieves the asymptotic tracking when parameter perturbation exists, but also ensures a specified transient response and final tracing precision under the combined influence of structured and unstructured uncertainties. The results indicate that the control strategy has good control accuracy as well as strong robustness.

     

Backstepping Sliding Mode Trajectory Tracking via Extended State Observer for Quadrotors with Wind Disturbance

To overcome nonlinear, underactuated and external wind disturbances problems for the 6-DOF (degrees of freedom) quadrotor unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) system, a backstepping sliding mode control algorithm based on high-order extended state observer (ESO) is proposed. Based on the hierarchical control principle, the quadrotor UAV dynamic system is decomposed into position subsystem and attitude subsystem to facilitate the backstepping control design. Moreover, the EXO is used to estimate the remaining unmeasurable states and the external wind disturbances online. The advantages of the controllers are that they can not only ensure good tracking performance, but also deal with uncertain external disturbances. To imitate the real situation as much as possible, the external wind disturbances are composed of four basic wind models in this paper. The tracking error and estimate error of the design methods are shown to arbitrarily small by using Lyapunov theory. Finally, the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed control algorithm are proved by the simulation.