结合优化3D-SIFT与Gist特征的运动目标识别

目标识别和场景理解是图像处理高级任务中近几年的研究热点。结合局部特征和全局特征,利用累计差分图像分割出的目标提取优化3D-SIFT特征。结合Gist提取的图像全局特征,建立特征向量。通过SVM支持向量机训练,将其应用在运动目标识别和场景理解上。实验结果表明,与现有算法相比,该算法在目标识别和场景理解上的效果有显著的提高。     

MEMS-based monolithic three-axis fiber-optic acceleration sensor

In this paper, a MEMS-based monolithic three-axis fiber-optic acceleration sensor is proposed, consisting of three optical fiber collimators and a three-axis acceleration sensing chip. The novel acceleration sensor includes two horizontal sensing units and one vertical sensing unit integrated on a single silicon substrate. Three optical fiber collimators are on the same side of the three-axis sensing chip, thus reducing the package size and cost. In each sensing unit, the micromirror, suspended on a pair of torsion beams, has a torsional angle in response to acceleration in sensing direction. The torsion angle is monitored using fiber-optic detection technique. The sensing system operation principle has been analyzed theoretically, its mechanical performances were simulated using the FEM simulation, and its fabricated process flow was proposed. Using bulk micromachining technologies, the horizontal and the vertical sensing units were successfully fabricated. Finally the individual fabricated sensing units were packaged and tested.     

Single-crystal diamond micro-cupped resonators made by laser ablation

This paper presents a novel three-dimensional fabrication process of micro-scale shell resonator made of single-crystal diamond (SCD) called micro-cupped resonator (MCR). The key feature of the process is the application of laser ablation, which can contribute to the shaping process of SCD with higher accuracy, better structural symmetry, greater speed, and lower breakage rate. UV laser high precision processing machine has been employed for the ablation of SCD in the present investigation. This paper describes the principle of laser ablation of SCD and analyses the effects of beam parameters on ablation quality. Then MCR with better structural symmetry and less structural imperfection has been successfully fabricated based on optimum parameters by laser ablation. The MCR is promising for emerging applications such as micro rate-integrating gyroscope.     

基于受约束偏置的概率矩阵分解算法

在概率矩阵分解(PMF)模型拟合之后,评分较少用户的特征趋近于先验分布的平均值,导致对其评分预测接近物品的平均评分.受约束概率矩阵分解(CPMF)未考虑到不同评分系统的整体差异以及数据集内部用户与物品存在的固有属性.针对以上问题,提出将传统矩阵分解中的用户和物品偏置项以及全局平均分结合受约束概率矩阵分解来建立新的矩阵分解算法.算法利用整体平均分衡量不同评分系统,在采用偏置来表示用户以及物品之间相互独立的属性的同时,引入约束使行为相近用户拥有相近的用户偏置,从而提高预测精度.在两个真实数据集上的实验结果表明,该算法相对于PMF和CPMF算法预测精度得到了提高.     

Detecting ground control points via convolutional neural network for stereo matching

In this paper, we present a novel approach to detect ground control points (GCPs) for stereo matching problem. First of all, we train a convolutional neural network (CNN) on a large stereo set, and compute the matching confidence of each pixel by using the trained CNN model. Secondly, we present a ground control points selection scheme according to the maximum matching confidence of each pixel. Finally, the selected GCPs are used to refine the matching costs, then we apply the new matching costs to perform optimization with semi-global matching algorithm for improving the final disparity maps. We evaluate our approach on the KITTI 2012 stereo benchmark dataset. Our experiments show that the proposed approach significantly improves the accuracy of disparity maps.     

A new block-based method for copy move forgery detection under image geometric transforms

Copy move forgery detection (CMFD) is one of the most active subtopic in forgery scheme. The methods of CMFD are divided into to block-based method and keypoint-based method in general. Compared with keypoint-based method, block-based method can detect undetectable detail without morphology segmentation. But many block-based methods detect the plain copy-move forgeries only. They have been incompetent to detect the post-processing operations such as various geometrical distortions, and then fail to detect the forgery regions accurately. Therefore, this paper presents an improved block-based efficient method for CMFD. Firstly, after pre-processing, an auxiliary overlapped circular block is presented to divide the forged image into overlapped circular blocks. The local and inner image feature is extracted by the Discrete Radial Harmonic Fourier Moments (DRHFMs) with the overlapped circular block from the suspicious image. Then, the similar feature vectors of blocks are searched by 2 Nearest Neighbors (2NN) test. Euclidean distance and correlation coefficient is employed to filter these features and then remove the false matches. Morphologic operation is employed to delete the isolated pixels. A series of experiments are done to analyze the performance for CMFD. Experimental results show that the new DRHFMs can obtain outstanding performance even under image geometrical distortions.     

Simultaneous assay of platelet adhesion at multiple shear rates within a single microfluidic channel

Cardiovascular diseases are currently the major causes of mortality in the world, especially in developed nations. As a predominant one, thrombosis is the platelet aggregation induced by a high shear rate. Platelet aggregation assay can clarify the occurrence mechanism of thrombosis, as well as be used as an important tool in the clinical diagnosis, personalized treatment, and screening of anticoagulants. Thus, relevant studies attracted considerable attention. As an important step in platelet aggregation, platelet adhesion and its detection also attract intensive concern. Thus, some analytical methods have been developed for platelet adhesion assay, and the impact of shear rate is one of the focuses. Compared with other devices, biosensors can give a more accurate result within a shorter time. Furthermore, some biosensors can achieve real-time analysis. However, only one or several shear rates can be tested at the same time, which may decrease the analytical efficiency. Meanwhile, in most cases, only the average platelet adhesion effect within a reactor is detected, and the impact of the distribution of shear rates is improperly neglected. In this study, a microfluidic device with a single channel is designed and fabricated for platelet adhesion assay. When the platelet-rich plasma flows through the collagen-modified sensing surface of the channel bottom, the interaction between platelets and collagen molecules on the entire surface can be simultaneously monitored by using a surface plasmon resonance imaging (SPRi) system. A gradient of the shear rate (0–546 s^-1) could be formed within the channel by choosing a suitable depth-to-width ratio (1:5), so platelet adhesion at multiple shear rates could be monitored simultaneously. This method enables the measurement of the adhesion process of unlabeled platelets on the entire sensing surface, in vitro, at multiple shear rates. Such a system can obtain more accurate platelet adhesion result at a given shear rate than traditional methods. Furthermore, in an individual operation, platelet adhesion can be repeatedly tested at multiple points with an equal shear rate, so a much higher analytical efficiency can also be achieved.     

利用QAR和DEM的机载气象雷达地杂波仿真方法

地杂波是降低机载气象雷达性能的一个关键因素。利用数字高程模型（Digital elevation model,DEM）精确计算不同地形的电磁散射时,本文提出了将经纬度变化量转换成距离变化量的方法,简化计算,并修正了俯角和擦地角计算。然后根据气象雷达方程建模地杂波,按照WXR-2100的实际参数设置雷达参数,结合快速存取记录器（Quick access recorder,QAR）反演的航班飞行参数,分别高保真地仿真了起飞和巡航两个阶段机载气象雷达不同工作模式下的杂波图,反映了实际的运行情况,最后建立了杂波图数据库。     

无线医疗传感网数据安全与隐私保护问题研究

本文对无线医疗传感网的数据安全与隐私保护进行了综述,描述了无线医疗传感网的网络结构,着重分析了它的特性及安全需求,并详细讨论了无线医疗传感网所面临的网络攻击.从无线医疗传感网的机密性、访问控制、身份认证、隐私保护等安全需求方面进行了相应的研究,最后指出了对无线医疗传感网安全与隐私可能的未来研究方向.