Polymeric memory elements and logic circuits that store multiple bit states

The ever-increasing flow of information requires new approaches for high-density data storage (HDDS). Here, we present a novel solution that incorporates the easily accessible polymer poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) with multistate memory. The electrical addressable polymer is able to store up to five different memory states, which are stable up to 20 min. The observed memory states are generated by the optical output signature of the PEDOT deposited on indium tin oxide (ITO) coated glass, upon applying specific electrical inputs. Moreover, the demonstrated platforms can be represented by a general logic circuit, which allows the construction of multistate memory, such as flip-flops and flip-flap-flop logic circuits.     

Attention biases to threat and behavioral inhibition in early childhood shape adolescent social withdrawal.

Behavioral inhibition (BI) is a temperament characterized in young children by a heightened sensitivity to novelty, social withdrawal, and anxious behaviors. For many children, these social difficulties dissipate over time. For others, patterns of social withdrawal continue into adolescence. Over time, attention biases to threat may influence the stability of BI and its association with social withdrawal, ultimately modulating the risk for anxiety disorders in BI children. However, we know relatively little about the cognitive processes that accompany BI and shape later socioemotional functioning. We examined the relations among BI in childhood, attention biases to threat in adolescence, and adolescent social withdrawal in a longitudinal study (N = 126, Mean age = 15 years). As has been reported in anxious adults, adolescents who were behaviorally inhibited as toddlers and young children showed heightened attention bias to threat. In addition, attention bias to threat moderated the relation between childhood BI and adolescent social withdrawal. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Building a virtual environment for endoscopic sinus surgery simulation

Advanced display technologies have made the virtual exploration of relatively complex models feasible in many applications. Unfortunately, only a few human interfaces allow natural interaction with the environment. Moreover, in surgical applications, such realistic interaction requires real-time rendering of volumetric data—placing an overwhelming performance burden on the system. We report on our advances towards developing a virtual reality system that provides intuitive interaction with complex volume data by employing real-time realistic volume rendering and convincing forece feedback (haptic) sensations. We describe our methods for real-time volume rendering, model deformation, interaction, and the haptic devices, and demonstrate the utilization of this system in the real-world application of Endoscopic Sinus Surgery (ESS) simulation.     

On the use of pitch power spectrum in the evaluation of vocaltremor

A point process model of the speech excitation wave for sustained vowels has been formulated, where the pitch is modulated by a physiological disturbance (vocal tremor). It has been demonstrated that the power spectrum of an impulse train, representing the glottal pulses, is composed of a periodic replication of the spectrum of the modulating signal, accompanied by an impulse train at the carrier frequency. Hence, the power spectrum of the vocal tremor can be estimated from the pitch. A trend location algorithm has been developed to locate and remove local trends from the signal prior to the evaluation of the pitch power spectrum. Thus, spectral representation of the speech excitation enables estimation of vocal tremor     

Experience in cracking catalyst service in G-43-107 unit

Translated from Khimiya i Tekhnologiya Topliv i Masel, No. 3, pp. 18–22, March, 1988.     

Cryogenic scanning tunneling spectroscopy studies of inhomogeneous superconductors

We applied scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy, combined with magnetic susceptibility measurements and Mossbauer spectroscopy, in studies of three superconducting materials. Two belong to a new class of high T_c magnetic-superconductor systems, R_1.4Ce_0.6RuSr₂Cu₂O_10-δ (R=Eu and Gd), which are magnetically ordered at T_N≪T_c. The third is a granular normal-superconductor system, where the superconducting phase is YNi₂B₂C. In this paper we focus on the tunneling measurements, which exhibit large spatial variations of the local electronic properties for all three materials. Albeit, these local measurements also reveal pronounced differences between the third and the first two systems, which will be discussed in view of their macroscopic properties.     

Bottom‐Up Synthesis of Advanced Carbonaceous Anode Materials Containing Sulfur for Na‐Ion Batteries

The fabrication of sulfur‐containing carbonaceous anode materials (CS) that show exceptional activity as anode material in Na‐ions batteries is reported. To do so, a general and straightforward bottom‐up synthesis of CS materials with precise control over the sulfur content and functionality is introduced. The new synthetic path combined with a detailed structural analysis and electrochemical studies provide correlations between i) the sulfur content and chemical species and ii) the structural, electronic, and electrochemical performance of the associated materials. As a result, the new CS substances demonstrate excellent activity as Na‐ion battery anode materials, reaching capacity values above 500 mAh g^?1 at a current density of 0.1 A g^?1, as well as high reversible sodium storage capabilities and excellent cycling durability. The results reveal the underlying working principles of carbonaceous materials, alongside the storage mechanism of the Na⁺ ions in these advanced sodium‐ion battery anode materials and provide a new avenue for their practical realization.