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41.
Mg2AlNiXHZOY nano-oxyhydrides formation is evidenced during pre-treatment in H2 at 450 °C of Mg2AlNiXOY nano-compounds leading to highly performant catalysts in ethanol conversion and H2 formation, particularly at low temperature, through catalytic steam reforming (SRE) and oxidative steam reforming (OSRE). Total conversion of ethanol is obtained in SRE and OSRE with high stability. A higher production of H2 (60 L h?1 gcat?1) can be achieved at a reaction temperature of 300 °C in OSRE conditions compared to SRE (10 L h?1 gcat?1) mainly because of a beneficial use of a high concentration of ethanol (14 mol%) in presence of O2. Moreover, carbon formation is decreased and a much lower input of energy of 50 °C is used to get a temperature of 300 °C when O2 is added. Different physico-chemical characterizations and in particular in H2 (TPR, H2-XRD, INS) and after tests allow to conclude that the presence of Ni2+ cations in strong interaction with other cations, anionic vacancies and hydride species on and inside the solid play an important role in the catalytic performance (conversion and selectivity) and stability.  相似文献   
42.
This report presents the fabrication of bifunctional magnetic and fluorescent microneedles (µNDs) made of a ternary mixture of magnetic nanoparticles (NPs), quantum dots (QDs), and polyelectrolyte. The assembly relies on the electrostatic complexation of negatively charged NPs with positively charged polymer strands and is controlled by the charge ratio between the nanoparticle building blocks and the polymer mortar. The resulting 1D objects can be actuated using an external magnetic field and can be imaged using fluorescence microscopy, thanks to the fluorescent and superparamagnetic properties inherited from their NP constituents. Using a combination of core and surface characterizations and a state‐of‐the‐art image analysis algorithm, the dependence of the brightness and length on the ternary composition is thoroughly investigated. In particular, statistics on hundreds of µNDs with a range of compositions show that the µNDs have a log‐lormal length distribution and that their mean length can be robustly tuned in the 5–50 µm range to match the relevant length scales of various applications in micromixing, bioassays or biomechanics.  相似文献   
43.
In high-speed rolling element bearings, the drag forces can be prominent and it is demonstrated in this investigation that the classical models may not be appropriate for correctly estimating this power loss contribution. A modification of the models is thus proposed, including the usual drag forces formulation relying upon the drag coefficient to be evaluated from a numerical computational fluid dynamics (CFD) approach. A three-dimensional approach that considers both the rings and the cylinder ends seems the only adequate approach to be used because a two-dimensional approach predicts a drag coefficient value that is too low. When using the former computed drag coefficient for the evaluation of the total power losses, high values of oil volume fraction must be employed to recover the measured power losses.  相似文献   
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45.
We propose a method based on the maximum-likelihood technique for removing speckle patterns that plague coherent images. The proposed method is designed for images whose gray levels vary continuously in space. The image model is based on a lattice of nodes corresponding to vertices of triangles in which the gray level of each pixel is produced by linear interpolation. A constraint on isoline gray levels is introduced to regularize the solution.  相似文献   
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47.
The influence of various conditions of Inconel 738 superalloy welding or deposition welding has been studied in order to shed light on the coupling between thermal, metallurgical and mechanical states in the heat affected zone (HAZ) in which cracking may occur particularly during welding and post-weld heat treatment. Predominant crack controlling factors have been highlighted thanks to different pre-weld and post-weld heat treatments, in addition to various welding rates and pre-heating prior to welding. These factors are mainly the material ductility related to the morphology and volume fraction of intermetallic precipitates and thermally induced residual stress. It has appeared that reducing thermally induced residual stress could be more effective for preventing cracking than controlling the material ductility in the related zones thanks to adjustment of pre-weld and post-weld heat treatments. With the objective of cracking remediation, welding on preheated parts leads to lower weld power, to reduce significantly thermal gradients, decreases thermally induced stress and impedes cracks formation despite some localized and temporary decrease in alloy ductility.  相似文献   
48.
The aim of this paper is to derive a double LDF non-isothermal model to describe mass transfer through a fixed bed of bi-disperse adsorbent pellets. Firstly, we perform an analysis concerning the different way the composition within the pellets can be described and the consequence on the model structure and compactness. Secondly, we present a bed model including a simplified intra-particle model that is based on a double LDF approximation. This bi-disperse pellet model reduces the number of variables and parameters that are needed. This simplified model is used to simulate breakthroughs of a methane/carbon dioxide mixture over a 5 A zeolite and of a 2,2-dimethylbutane/2-methylpentane mixture over a silicalite molecular sieve. It is also compared with a more detailed model based on Stefan-Maxwell theory that we have previously developed.  相似文献   
49.
An interesting universal modeling tool for rechargeable lithium batteries is presented in this paper. The generic model is based on an equivalent circuit technique commonly used in electrochemical impedance characterization. Therefore, the parameters used in the model can be easily parameterized from the electrochemical impedance derivations, which provide a convenient integration with experimental cell characterizations. Such integration offers the universality in this modeling approach.  相似文献   
50.
Model independent assertions for integration of heterogeneous schemas   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
Due to the proliferation of database applications, the integration of existing databases into a distributed or federated system is one of the major challenges in responding to enterprises' information requirements. Some proposed integration techniques aim at providing database administrators (DBAs) with a view definition language they can use to build the desired integrated schema. These techniques leave to the DBA the responsibility of appropriately restructuring schema elements from existing local schemas and of solving inter-schema conflicts. This paper investigates theassertion-based approach, in which the DBA's action is limited to pointing out corresponding elements in the schemas and to defining the nature of the correspondence in between. This methodology is capable of: ensuring better integration by taking into account additional semantic information (assertions about links); automatically solving structural conflicts; building the integrated schema without requiring conforming of initial schemas; applying integration rules to a variety of data models; and performing view as well as database integration. This paper presents the basic ideas underlying our approach and focuses on resolution of structural conflicts.  相似文献   
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