A new type counter electrode for dye-sensitized solar cells

A new type counter electrode for dye-sensitized solar cells (DSCs) was proposed which consists of substrate, aluminum film and platinum film. The new type counter electrode can obviously improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency of DSCs from 3.46% to 7.07% under the standard AM1.5 irradiation condition. Advantages and shortcomings of this new type counter electrode in terms of electrical properties, optical properties and anti-corrosive properties were analyzed. As a result, some improvements were proposed. Supported by the Key Foundation for Fundamental Research of Tianjin Municipal Science & Technology Commission in China ( Grant No. 06YFJZJC01700) and the National Basic Research Program of China (“973“ Project) (Grant Nos. 2006CB20260, 2006CB202603)     

Asynchronous rotation scan for synthetic aperture interferometric radiometer

Synthetic aperture interferometric technique has wide applications in optics, radio astronomy and microwave remote sensing areas. With the increasing demands of high resolution imaging observation, a new time-sharing sampling scheme of asynchronous rotation scan is proposed to meet the technical challenge of achieving a large equivalent aperture and overcome the operating barriers of space borne application. This configuration is basically composed by two asynchronously and concentrically rotating antenna groups, whose revolving radii and speeds are different. The synthetic aperture system with asynchronous rotation scanning scheme can effectively solve the trade-off problem of system complexity, and greatly simplify the system hardware at the cost of sacrificing a certain time resolution. The basic rules and design methods of asynchronous rotation scan are investigated The Gridding method is introduced to inverse the spiral sampling data for image reconstruction. The potential applications of geostationary orbit (GEO) earth observation and solar polar orbit (SPO) plasma cloud observation are explored with numerical simulations to validate the significance and feasibility of this new imaging configuration. Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 40574070, 40671121, 40701100 and 40801136) and the National High-Tech Research Program of China (“863” Program) (Grant No. 2006AA12Z141)     

Variability of complementary relationship and its mechanism on different time scales

In the complementary relationship (CR) between actual and potential evapotranspiration, wet envi- ronment evapotranspiration (Ew) is usually calculated using the Priestley-Taylor (P-T) equation. Based on the data obtained from 38 catchments of the Haihe River basin and the Weishan experiment site in Shandong Province of China, this study has found variations in the Priestley-Taylor parameter α (e.g. increase in values with increase in the amount of precipitation on annual scale, seasonal fluctuation noted t...     

儿茶素在离子交换纤维上的扩散机理研究

研究了静态下儿茶素在自制的聚丙烯基阴离子交换纤维上的扩散机理。结果表明，离子交换纤维对儿茶素的吸附主要以扩散而不是以交换为主控步骤．在反应的初期．以液膜扩散为主，反应3min后．以孔隙扩散控制为主。     

3-甲硫基-1-丙醇的合成研究

研究了以 3 氯 1 丙醇和甲硫醇钠为原料 ,在相转移催化剂四甲基溴化铵的作用下 ,在 0℃下反应 1h ,然后升温至 30℃ ,并在此温度下反应 0 .5h ,合成了 3 甲硫基 1 丙醇 ,并用气相色谱、红外光谱和气质联用对其结构进行了确定。该方法工艺简单 ,条件温和 ,反应时间短 ,易于工业化 ,环境污染少 ,也适应于合成其他甲硫基化合物。     

涤纶低弹网络丝拉伸断裂性能表征

研究在不同的夹持距离、不同拉伸速率条件下涤纶低弹网络丝机械性能 ,从实验结果得知 ,在相同拉伸速率下 ,断裂强力随夹持距离的增加呈对数关系减少。在相同夹持距离下 ,随着拉伸速率的提高 ,平均断裂强力提高 ,断裂伸长增大 ,断裂比功也增大。     

黄麦岭磷矿矿石工艺矿相学研究

经红外光谱测试及单矿物化学分析，确定了磷灰石的种类；通过显微镜观察，系统地研究了不同自然类型磷矿石中磷灰石的嵌布嵌镶关系；利用线测法测定了磷灰石的嵌布粒度；采用一粗一精一扫浮选流程，按原来的浮选条件和药剂制度所得精矿，研究了其单体解离度及选矿回收率；提出了改进选矿工艺流程的可能途径和方法。     

SARS灭活疫苗的研制及其质量控制

目的研究适合SARS病毒灭活疫苗的生产工艺及其质量控制。方法连续制备3批疫苗,按拟定规程进行疫苗原液和疫苗各项指标检测。结果各项检测指标均符合拟定规程规定。结论我所生产的SARS灭活疫苗工艺稳定,质量可控。     

废砂/PE废地膜复合材料热老化性能的研究

以聚乙烯(PE)废地膜和工业废砂为原料,制备了不同配比的废砂/PE废地膜复合材料,研究了PE基体和复合材料的热老化规律。研究发现,经80℃人工加速热老化处理后,复合材料的玻璃化转变温度(Tg)随老化时间的增加而降低;一定条件下的热老化有助于加强PE基体和废砂间的界面作用,使复合材料的力学性能先升高后降低;废砂的加入有利于PE废地膜热老化性能的提高。     

Design and fabrication of 3D‐plotted polymeric scaffolds in functional tissue engineering

Regenerating the load‐bearing tissues requires 3D scaffolds that balance the temporary mechanical function with the biological requirements. In functional tissue engineering, designing scaffolds with biomimetic mechanical properties could promote tissue ingrowth since the cells are sensitive to their local mechanical environment. This work aims to design scaffolds that mimic the mechanical response of the biological tissues under physiological loading conditions. Poly(L ‐lactide) (PLLA) scaffolds with varying porosities and pore sizes were made by the 3D‐plotting technique. The scaffolds were tested under unconfined ramp compression to compare their stress profile under load with that of bovine cartilage. A comparison between the material parameters estimated for the scaffolds and for the bovine cartilage based on the biphasic theory enabled the definition of an optimum window for the porosity and pore size of these constructs. Moreover, the finite element prediction for the stress distribution inside the scaffolds, surrounded by the host cartilaginous tissue, demonstrated a negligible perturbation of the stress field at the site of implantation. The finite element modeling tools in combination with the developed methodology for optimal porosity/pore size determination can be used to improve the design of biomimetic scaffolds. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 47:608–618, 2007. © 2007 Society of Plastics Engineers.