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41.
Islam S. Sobhy Atsushi Miyake Tomonori Shinya Ivan Galis 《Journal of chemical ecology》2017,43(9):929-943
Plants synthesize variable mixtures of herbivore-induced plant volatiles (HIPVs) as part of their evolutionary conserved defense. To elucidate the impact of chewing herbivores with different level of adaptation on HIPV profiles in rice, we measured HIPVs released from rice seedlings challenged by either the generalist herbivore Mythimna loreyi (MYL) or the specialist Parnara guttata (PAG). Both herbivores markedly elicited the emission of HIPVs, mainly on the second and third days after attack compared to control plants. In addition, side-by-side HIPV comparisons using MYL and PAG caterpillars revealed that generalist feeding induced comparably more HIPVs relative to specialist, particularly on day two as highlighted by multivariate analysis (PLS-DA) of emitted HIPVs, and further confirmed in mimicked herbivory experiments. Here, mechanically wounded plants treated with water (WW) released more VOCs than untreated controls, and on top of this, oral secretions (OS) from both herbivores showed differential effects on volatile emissions from the wounded plants. Similar to actual herbivory, MYL OS promoted higher amounts of HIPVs relative to PAG OS, thus supporting disparate induction of rice indirect defenses in response to generalist and specialist herbivores, which could be due to the differential composition of their OS. (196 words). 相似文献
42.
The effect of a novel peptide, NC-1900 (pGlu-Asn-Ser-Pro-Arg-Gly-NH2) on learning behavior in normal animals was studied in delayed nonmatching to sample tasks in rats using a Y-water maze. In the acquisition tests, a nonmatching to sample task, a delayed nonmatching to sample task with a delay time of 10 min (10-min DNMTS task), and a 20-min DNMTS task were performed for 15 sessions. NC-1900 was administered subcutaneously 1 h prior to the start of the acquisition test once a day. In the retention tests, the 10-min DNMTS task (on days 3, 10 and 17) and 20-min DNMTS task (on days 4, 11, 19 and 26) were conducted over time in the absence of administration of NC-1900 following completion of the acquisition test of the 10-min DNMTS task. In the acquisition of the 10- and 20-min DNMTS tasks, the NC-1900 100 pg/kg group exhibited significantly higher correct choice percentages or percentages of rats that achieved the criteria (mean correct choice percentage for 3 days of 90% or higher) in comparison with the control group. In the retention tests, in contrast to the correct choice percentages on each test day for the 20-min DNMTS task of the control group being approximately 50%, rats administered NC-1900 demonstrated high correct choice percentages at all dose levels, although there were some variations on each test day. These results demonstrate that NC-1900 clearly facilitated acquisition and retention of DNMTS tasks in rats using a Y-water maze. 相似文献
43.
Watanabe M Takemasa I Kawaguchi N Miyake M Nishimura N Matsubara T Matsuo E Sekimoto M Nagai K Matsuura N Monden M Nishimura O 《Proteomics. Clinical applications》2008,2(6):925-935
In the development of novel biomarkers, the proteomic approach is advantageous because using it the cancer-associated proteins can be directly identified. We previously developed a 2-nitrobenzenesulfenyl (NBS) method to improve quantitative proteome analysis. Here, we applied this method to proteomic profiling of colorectal carcinoma (CRC) to identify novel proteins with altered expression in CRC. Each pair of tumor and normal tissue specimens from 12 CRC patients was analyzed, and approximately 5000 NBS-labeled paired peaks were quantified. Peaks with altered signal intensities (>1.5-fold) and occurring frequently in the samples (>70%) were selected, and 128 proteins were identified by MS/MS analyses as differentially expressed proteins in CRC tissues. Many proteins were newly revealed to be CRC related; 30 were reported in earlier studies of CRC. Six proteins that were up-regulated in CRC (ZYX, RAN, RCN1, AHCY, LGALS1, and VIM) were further characterized and validated by Western blot and immunohistochemistry. All six were found to be CRC-localized, either in cancer cells or in stroma cells near the cancer cells. These results indicate that the proteins identified in this study are novel candidates for CRC markers, and that the NBS method is useful in proteome mining to discover novel biomarkers. 相似文献
44.
Yasunari Yoshitomi 《International Transactions in Operational Research》2002,9(4):479-495
This paper proposes a method for solving stochastic job-shop scheduling problems based on a genetic algorithm. The genetic algorithm was expanded for stochastic programming. In this expansion, the fitness function is regarded as representing fluctuations that may occur under stochastic circumstances specified by the distribution functions of stochastic variables. In this study, the Roulette strategy is adopted for selecting the optimum solution in terms of the expected value. Within this algorithm, it is expected that the individual that appears most frequently must give the optimum solution. The effectiveness of this approach is confimed by applying it to stochastic job-shop scheduling problems. I compare the approximately optimum solutions found by this approach with the truly or approximately optimum solutions obtained by other conventional methods, and discuss the performance and effectiveness of this approach. 相似文献
45.
46.
3-Fluorobenzoic acid adsorbed on Au(1 1 1), Au(1 0 0) and Au(1 1 0) electrodes has been investigated using in situ IR reflection spectroscopy, UV-visible reflectivity measurements, and differential capacity measurements. As determined by IR reflection spectroscopy, the vertically adsorbed 3-fluorobenzoate is the predominant species at positive potentials, and the flat-lying type is adsorbed at negative potentials. In the UV-visible reflectivity measurements, the reflectivity changes for the vertically adsorbed and flat-lying 3-fluorobenzoates on the Au(1 0 0) electrode were observed at different frequency regions. No UV-visible reflectivity signal was observed for the Au(1 1 0) electrode, and it was proved that the UV-visible reflectivity change has a strong single crystal surface dependence. For the vertical configuration, a large contribution between the 5d orbital of Au and the 2p orbital of oxygen in 3-fluorobenzoate was found for the cluster model by DFT calculation. 相似文献
47.
Yasuo Kakugawa Yutaka Saito Takahisa Matsuda Takeshi Nakajima Mototaka Miyake Gen Iinuma 《International journal of molecular sciences》2013,14(12):23629-23638
To date, few reports focused primarily on detecting colorectal laterally spreading tumors (LSTs) have been published. The aim of this study was to determine the visibility of LSTs on computed tomographic colonography (CTC) compared with that on colonoscopy as a standard. We retrospectively reviewed and matched data on endoscopic and CTC reports in 157 patients (161 LSTs) who received a multidetector CT scan using contrast media immediately after total colonoscopy at the National Cancer Center Hospital in Tokyo, Japan, between December 2005 and August 2010. The results of the total colonoscopy were known at the time of the CTC procedure and reading. Of the 161 LSTs detected on colonoscopy, 138 were observed and matched by CTC (86%). Of the 91 granular type LSTs (LST-Gs), 88 (97%) were observed and matched, while of the 70 non-granular type LSTs (LST-NGs), 50 (71%) were observed and matched by CTC (p < 0.0001). CTC enabled observation of 73% (22/30) of 20–29 mm, 83% (35/42) of 30–39 mm, 88% (49/56) of 40–59 mm, and 97% (32/33) of ≥60 mm tumors. The rate of observed LSTs by CTC was 86% (97% of LST-G, 71% of LST-NG) of the LSTs found during total colonoscopy. 相似文献
48.
49.
Tajima T Sakata W Wada T Tsutsui A Nishimoto S Miyake M Takaguchi Y 《Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)》2011,23(48):5750-5754
A coaxial nanohybrid consisting of a single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT), fullerodendron, and SiO(2) shows high-efficiency light-driven hydrogen evolution from water. Upon visible light irradiation, SWCNT/fullerodendron/SiO(2) coaxial nanohybrid shows hydrogen evolution activity in the presence of methyl viologen (MV(2+)), benzyldihydronicotinamide (BNAH), and a colloidal polyvinyl alcohol(PVA)-Pt. 相似文献
50.
Riho Kataishi Takayuki Ikeda Toshiki Sasaki Kouhei Toyotaka Daiki Nakamura Hiroyuki Miyake Yuji Iwaki Kazunori Watanabe Yuichi Yanagisawa Hisao Ikeda Harue Nakashima Nobuharu Ohsawa Shingo Eguchi Satoshi Seo Yoshiharu Hirakata Shunpei Yamazaki Daisuke Kurosaki Masakatsu Ohno Chris Bower Darryl Cotton Andrew Matthews Piers Andrew Catalin Gheorghiu Johan Bergquist 《Journal of the Society for Information Display》2014,22(8):381-392
In this study, white organic electroluminescent devices with microcavity structures were developed. A flexible high‐resolution active‐matrix organic light‐emitting diode display with low power consumption using red, green, blue, and white sub‐pixels formed by a color‐filter method was fabricated. In addition, a side‐roll touch display was developed in combination with a capacitive flexible touch screen. 相似文献