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81.
Xiaoyu Li Masahiko Ito Haruyo Aoyagi Asako Murayama Hideki Aizaki Masayoshi Fukasawa Takanobu Kato Takaji Wakita Tetsuro Suzuki 《International journal of molecular sciences》2022,23(15)
In microbiological research, it is important to understand the time course of each step in a pathogen’s lifecycle and changes in the host cell environment induced by infection. This study is the first to develop a real-time monitoring system that kinetically detects luminescence reporter activity over time without sampling cells or culture supernatants for analyzing the virus replication. Subgenomic replicon experiments with hepatitis C virus (HCV) showed that transient translation and genome replication can be detected separately, with the first peak of translation observed at 3–4 h and replication beginning around 20 h after viral RNA introduction into cells. From the bioluminescence data set measured every 30 min (48 measurements per day), the initial rates of translation and replication were calculated, and their capacity levels were expressed as the sums of the measured signals in each process, which correspond to the areas on the kinetics graphs. The comparison of various HuH-7-derived cell lines showed that the bioluminescence profile differs among cell lines, suggesting that both translation and replication capacities potentially influence differences in HCV susceptibility. The effects of RNA mutations within the 5′ UTR of the replicon on viral translation and replication were further analyzed in the system developed, confirming that mutations to the miR-122 binding sites primarily reduce replication activity rather than translation. The newly developed real-time monitoring system should be applied to the studies of various viruses and contribute to the analysis of transitions and progression of each process of their life cycle. 相似文献
82.
Kotaka A Bando H Kaya M Kato-Murai M Kuroda K Sahara H Hata Y Kondo A Ueda M 《Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering》2008,105(6):622-627
Three beta-glucosidase- and two endoglucanase-encoding genes were cloned from Aspergillus oryzae, and their gene products were displayed on the cell surface of the sake yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae GRI-117-UK. GRI-117-UK/pUDB7 displaying beta-glucosidase AO090009000356 showed the highest activity against various substrates and efficiently produced ethanol from cellobiose. On the other hand, GRI-117-UK/pUDCB displaying endoglucanase AO090010000314 efficiently degraded barley beta-glucan to glucose and smaller cellooligosaccharides. GRI-117-UK/pUDB7CB codisplaying both beta-glucosidase AO090009000356 and endoglucanase AO090010000314 was constructed. When direct ethanol fermentation from 20 g/l barley beta-glucan as a model substrate was performed with the codisplaying strain, the ethanol concentration reached 7.94 g/l after 24 h of fermentation. The conversion ratio of ethanol from beta-glucan was 69.6% of the theoretical ethanol concentration produced from 20 g/l barley beta-glucan. These results showed that sake yeast displaying A. oryzae cellulolytic enzymes can be used to produce ethanol from cellulosic materials. Our constructs have higher ethanol production potential than the laboratory constructs previously reported. 相似文献
83.
Coupled simulation of BES-CFD and performance assessment of energy recovery ventilation system for office model 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Thermal comfort and indoor air quality as well as the energy efficiency have been recognized as essential parts of sustainable
building assessment. This work aims to analyze the energy conservation of the heat recovery ventilator and to investigate
the effect of the air supply arrangement. Three types of mixing ventilation are chosen for the analysis of coupling ANSYS/FLUENT
(a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) program) with TRNSYS (a building energy simulation (BES) software). The adoption of
mutual complementary boundary conditions for CFD and BES provides more accurate and complete information of indoor air distribution
and thermal performance in buildings. A typical office-space situated in a middle storey is chosen for the analysis. The office-space
is equipped with air-conditioners on the ceiling. A heat recovery ventilation system directly supplies fresh air to the office
space. Its thermal performance and indoor air distribution predicted by the coupled method are compared under three types
of ventilation system. When the supply and return openings for ventilation are arranged on the ceiling, there is no critical
difference between the predictions of the coupled method and BES on the energy consumption of HVAC because PID control is
adopted for the supply air temperature of the occupied zone. On the other hand, approximately 21% discrepancy for the heat
recovery estimation in the maximum between the simulated results of coupled method and BES-only can be obviously found in
the floor air supply ventilation case. The discrepancy emphasizes the necessity of coupling CFD with BES when vertical air
temperature gradient exists. Our future target is to estimate the optimum design of heat recovery ventilation system to control
CO2 concentration by adjusting flow rate of fresh air. 相似文献
84.
M Fujita K Nomura K Hong Y Ito A Asada S Nishimuro 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1993,197(3):1340-1347
A strong fibrinolytic enzyme (nattokinase) was purified from the vegetable cheese natto. Nattokinase was extracted from natto with saline and isolated by sequential use of hydrophobic chromatography on Butyl-Toyopearl, ion-exchange chromatography on CM-Toyopearl, and gel-filtration on Sephadex G-50. The isolated protein gave a single sharp band on SDS-PAGE either before or after reduction. The sequence, as determined by automated Edman degradation of the uncleaved molecule and its enzymatically derived peptide, consisted of a total 275 amino acid residues (M.W = 27,728) and exhibited a high homology with the subtilisins. The purified nattokinase digested not only fibrin but also several synthetic substrates. Among the synthetic substrates, the most sensitive substrate was Suc-Ala-Ala-Pro-Phe-pNA for subtilisin. PMSF inhibited both the fibrinolytic activity and the amidolytic activity. The results indicate that nattokinase is a subtilisin-like serine protease. 相似文献
85.
Yoji Yamato 《Service Oriented Computing and Applications》2017,11(2):121-135
In this paper, we propose a server architecture recommendation and automatic performance verification technology, which recommends and verifies appropriate server architecture on Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) cloud with bare metal servers, container-based virtual servers and virtual machines. Recently, cloud services are spread, and providers provide not only virtual machines but also bare metal servers and container-based virtual servers. However, users need to design appropriate server architecture for their requirements based on three types of server performances, and users need much technical knowledge to optimize their system performance. Therefore, we study a technology that satisfies users’ performance requirements on these three types of IaaS cloud. Firstly, we measure performance and start-up time of a bare metal server, Docker containers, KVM (Kernel-based Virtual Machine) virtual machines on OpenStack with changing number of virtual servers. Secondly, we propose a server architecture recommendation technology based on the measured quantitative data. A server architecture recommendation technology receives an abstract template of OpenStack Heat and function/performance requirements and then creates a concrete template with server specification information. Thirdly, we propose an automatic performance verification technology that executes necessary performance tests automatically on provisioned user environments according to the template. We implement proposed technologies, confirm performance and show the effectiveness. 相似文献
86.
Role of Heavy Meromyosin in Heat‐Induced Gelation in Low Ionic Strength Solution Containing l‐Histidine 下载免费PDF全文
Toru Hayakawa Yuri Yoshida Masanori Yasui Toshiaki Ito Jun‐ichi Wakamatsu Akihito Hattori Takanori Nishimura 《Journal of food science》2015,80(8):C1641-C1645
The gelation of myosin has a very important role in meat products. We have already shown that myosin in low ionic strength solution containing l ‐histidine forms a transparent gel after heating. To clarify the mechanism of this unique gelation, we investigated the changes in the nature of myosin subfragments during heating in solutions with low and high ionic strengths with and without l ‐histidine. The hydrophobicity of myosin and heavy meromyosin (HMM) in low ionic strength solution containing l ‐histidine was lower than in high ionic strength solution. The SH contents of myosin and HMM in low ionic strength solution containing l ‐histidine did not change during the heating process, whereas in high ionic strength solution they decreased slightly. The heat‐induced globular masses of HMM in low ionic strength solution containing l ‐histidine were smaller than those in high ionic strength solution. These findings suggested that the polymerization of HMM molecules by heating was suppressed in low ionic strength solution containing l ‐histidine, resulting in formation of the unique gel. 相似文献
87.
Makoto Ishiguro Katsufumi Ohmuro Yukito Saitoh Yuuta Takahashi Jun Watanabe Tsutomu Arai Yoji Ito Keiji Mihayashi 《Journal of the Society for Information Display》2012,20(11):598-603
We have successfully developed a quarter‐wave retardation film (QWF) for wide viewing angle 3D liquid crystal displays (3D‐LCDs) that provides high luminance, low crosstalk, low color change, and low head‐tilt‐angle dependency. It was found that the out‐of‐plane retardation (Rth) of the QWF in the LCD needs to be close to 0 nm in order to improve the 3D display properties at an off‐axis position and that the in‐plane retardation (Re) needs to be adjusted from 120 to 130 nm to achieve low color change with head tilting. We adopted a coating process for making our QWF because of its potential for retardation control. 3D‐LCDs with this QWF whose Rth was nearly zero had high performance and allowed off‐axis other than on‐axis. 相似文献
88.
Electrocodeposition of Sm and Co on a Cu substrate was investigated in a molten LiCl-KCl-SmCl3 (0.5 mol.%)-CoCl2 (0.1 mol.%) system at 723 K. Phase of the deposited Sm-Co alloys could be controlled by electrolysis potential. SmCo3 was formed on a Cu substrate by potentiostatic electrolysis in the potential range of 0.20-0.90 V (vs. Li+/Li). Sm2Co17 was obtained in the potential range of 0.90-1.50 V. 相似文献
89.
Shintaro Fudano Yoji Miyabata Kazuo Konishi 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》1974,51(11):514-515
The low condensed components in the condensates of mixtures of β-naphthalenesulfonic acid and β-methylnaphthalenesulfonic
acid with formaldehyde were analyzed by high speed liquid chromatography. The main components of monomer and dimer were β-naphthalenesulfonic
acid and the dimeric condensate of β-naphthalenesulfonic acid, respectively. 相似文献
90.
Akira Matsumoto Masato Doura Tadahiro Kiguchi Hideo Ito Hiroyuki Aota 《Polymer Bulletin》2007,58(1):173-184
Summary It is well known that allyl monomers polymerize only with difficulty and yield polymers having low molecular weights, i.e.,
oligomers. Inevitably, free-radical multiallyl crosslinking polymerization provides network polymers consisting of oligomeric
primary polymer chains, i.e., having abundant dangling chains. This led to the development of novel flexible network polymers
such as amphiphilic network polymers (I) consisting of short primary polymer chains and long crosslink units with opposite polarities, simultaneous interpenetrating
networks (II) consisting of both polyurethane (PU) and polymethacrylate (PM) networks with oligomeric primary polymer chains, and network
polymers (III) consisting of centipede-type primary polymer chains. Thus, the solution copolymerizations of benzyl methacrylate with tricosaethylene
glycol dimethacrylate in the presence of lauryl mercaptan yielded I consisting of nonpolar, short primary polymer chains and polar, long crosslink units. The opposite type of I was prepared by the copolymerization of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate, a polar monomer having a hydroxyl group, with heneicosapropylene
glycol dimethacrylate, a nonpolar monomer having a poly(oxypropylene) unit. The equimolar polyaddition crosslinking reaction
of poly(methyl methacrylate-co-2-methacryloyloxyethyl isocyanate) with tri(oxytetramethylene) glycol, leading to PU networks, and the free-radical crosslinking
copolymerization of methyl methacrylate with tri(oxytetramethylene) dimethacrylate in the presence of CBr4, leading to PM networks, were progressed simultaneously, providing II formed via the topological crosslink between PU and PM network structures. The post-copolymerizations of oligomeric allyl
methacrylate/alkyl methacrylate precopolymers, having different amounts of pendant allyl groups and different molecular weights,
with allyl benzoate/vinyl benzoate monomer mixtures were conducted to give III. 相似文献