Synthesis and application of polyacrylate nanocapsules loaded with lilial

Polyacrylate nanocapsules loaded with lilial (PNLs) were prepared via miniemulsion polymerization. Then, the PNLs were applied directly to leather. The influence of the contents of the surfactant and lilial and the stirring speed on the mean size and fragrance loading capacity of the PNLs was investigated in detail. The microstructure of the PNLs was determined by dynamic light scattering (DLS), transmission electron nicroscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometry, and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The sustained release properties of the leather finished by PNLs were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and gas chromatography with a flame ionization detector (GC‐FID). DLS showed that the mean size of the PNLs was 67.78 nm, and the polydispersity index was 0.076. TEM illustrated that the size of the spherical PNL varied in the range 30–80 nm. FTIR spectroscopy showed that lilial was encapsulated into the polyacrylate nanocapsules. TGA illustrated that the fragrance loading ratio of the nanocapsules reached 36.83%. SEM and GC‐FID indicated that the leather finished by the PNLs had better flexing endurance than that finished by lilial emulsion. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014 , 131, 40182.     

Poly(vinylidene fluoride) ultrafiltration membranes containing hybrid silica nanoparticles: Preparation,characterization and performance

Poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) ultrafiltration membranes were prepared by immersion precipitation method using poly(hydroxyethyl methacrylate)-block-poly(methyl methacrylate) grafted silica (PHEMA-b-PMMA@SiO₂) nanoparticles as additives. The hybrid nanoparticles were synthesized by the surface initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ATRP), and they were characterized in detail by FT-IR, TEM, DLS and GPC. Results confirm that core–shell structure is formed after grafting PHEMA-b-PMMA brushes on the silica nanoparticles. Their average hydrodynamic diameter also increases with the prolongation of grafting time. After blending PVDF with the hybrid silica nanoparticles, the composite PVDF membranes exhibit high porosity and improved water permeation. Especially, when the molecular weight is 1.73 × 10⁵ g/mol for PHEMA-b-PMMA on the hybrid nanoparticles, the water flux of the PVDF composite membrane is 2.5 times than that of the control PVDF membrane, while the rejection to bovine serum albumin (BSA) remains at a high level (>90%). In addition, all the composite PVDF membranes show lower BSA adsorption and larger water flux recovery ratio than the control PVDF membrane. The improvement of membrane performance is attributed to the good hydrophilicity of PHEMA-b-PMMA@SiO₂ nanoparticles. Our results suggest that PHEMA-b-PMMA@SiO₂ nanoparticles with moderate molecular weight of PHEMA-b-PMMA are suitable for the property optimization of PVDF-based composite membranes.     

阴极电泳漆槽液MEQ值的容量法检测

介绍了乙醇法测阴极电泳漆槽液MEQ值的方法。用乙醇对阴极电泳漆槽液进行溶解,通过人工滴定法记录氢氧化钠标准溶液的用量,得到槽液p H与氢氧化钠消耗量的函数。利用相关软件绘图并进行数据处理,再根据公式便可计算出槽液MEQ值。此外还对四氢呋喃法和乙醇法测MEQ值的准确性和难易程度等进行了比较。     

Compatibilization and properties of ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) and thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) blend based foam

Ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer/thermoplastic polyurethane (EVA/TPU) blending foams are rarely reported so far because of their poor compatibility, and addition of a compatibilizer to the blend system was our major interest, which can improve interfacial adhesion between the two phases. In this paper, TPU-grafted EVA (EVA-g-TPU), as a compatibilizer, was simply prepared using maleic anhydride-grafted EVA (EVA-g-MAH) and 4,4′ diamino diphenyl methane in the mixing process of TPU and EVA matrix. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry were used to investigate the structures of EVA-g-TPU and the interfacial reaction in the mixing process, and the effect of EVA-g-TPU on compatibilization between the two phases of EVA/TPU blends was investigated using scanning electron microscopy. Finally, EVA/EVA-g-TPU/TPU foams based on the good compatibility of the resin blends were prepared, and the physical properties directly related to the compatibility were investigated as a function of the theoretical quantity (molar mass) of EVA-g-TPU (n _EVA-g-TPU) in the foams. Moreover, the tensile strength, elongation at break, tear strength and compression set were improved by 19.0, 9.3, 43.6 and 7.5 %, respectively. Overall, EVA/EVA-g-TPU/TPU foams with excellent mechanical properties were obtained without sacrificing other important physical properties (lower density etc.) through popular and friendly means in this research.     

Toughening of polylactide with epoxy-functionalized methyl methacrylate–butyl acrylate copolymer

Glycidyl methacrylate-functionalized methyl methacrylate–butyl acrylate (GACR) core–shell structure copolymers were synthesized to toughen polylactide (PLA). With an increase in GACR content, the PLA/GACR blends showed decreased tensile strength and modulus; however, the elongation at break and the impact strength were significantly increased compared with that of PLA. The brittle fracture of neat PLA was gradually transformed into ductile fracture by the addiction of GACR. From dynamic mechanical analysis, the rigidity of the PLA/GACR blends was decreased with the increase of GACR content. The addition of GACR decreased the degree of crystallinity of PLA. The GACR was found to aggregate to form clusters with size increasing with increasing GACR content by transmission electron microscope analysis. The clusters dispersed in PLA matrix uniformly. It was found that PLA demonstrated large area, plastic deformation (shear yielding) and cavities in the blend upon being subjected the tensile and impact tests, which was an important energy-dissipation process and led to a toughened and transparent blend.     

激光共聚焦原位观察水泥早期水化(英文)

采用激光共聚焦显微镜对水泥早期水化过程进行原位观察,样品尺寸为35mm×25mm×5mm的水泥压实体,通过滴加水使压实体中的水泥水化。结果表明:压实体的水化对于正常水泥浆体的水化有着很好的参考作用;压实体样品与水接触8h,表面生成大量的水化产物,水化16h,大部分孔洞被水化产物填充,水化1d,水泥水化到达稳定期,微结构逐渐变密实。     

无卤阻燃增强高流动性尼龙6的研究

采用高流动性尼龙(PA)6为原料,制备了一系列玻璃纤维(GF)增强无卤阻燃PA6材料。考察了材料配方和挤出工艺对改性材料阻燃性能、力学性能、热性能及熔体流动速率(MFR)的影响,并对其原因进行了分析。结果表明,与普通PA6相比,高流动性PA6由于熔体黏度低、MFR高,有利于无卤阻燃剂和GF在基体材料内的混合和分散,因此在同样配方和工艺条件下,显示出更好的阻燃效果与更优的力学性能。     

ICP-AES法同时测定卤鸭肉制品中的9种微量元素

采用湿法消解卤鸭肉样品,ICP-AES测定Cd、Cr、Cu、Fe、Mn、Ni、Pb、Zn 8种元素,对于痕量As,使用HG-ICP-AES测定。优化了ICP-AES的工作条件,探究了氢化物发生最佳条件。As的检出限为0.00027 mg/L。回收率范围为92.5%~108.0%,大部分元素的RSD在5%之内。     

不同品种淫羊藿的淫羊藿苷含量研究

目的:比较不同品种淫羊藿的淫羊藿苷含量差异。方法:以十八烷基硅烷键合硅胶为填充剂,乙腈-水(30∶70)为流动相,检测波长270 nm,流速1.0 mL/min。结果:柔毛淫羊藿、朝鲜淫羊藿、淫羊藿(产自2个不同地方)的淫羊藿苷含量分别为0.28%、0.14%、0.83%和0.87%。结论:不同品种的淫羊藿所含淫羊藿苷的含量存在较大差异。品种的不同会影响淫羊藿药材的质量。     

以教职员工发展为主的地方高校内涵发展——人因论

阻碍高校内涵发展有效实施的一个主要因素是高校内部多元价值文化的集合与冲突。针对当前高等教育教书与育人两极分化的现象,提出了一种内外兼顾、多层次、多对象的全面竞争式内涵发展模式。探讨了高校在作为个体与整体的角色互换过程中,其内部教师与教育工作者之间的内涵发展关系,进一步探索了教育工作者资格与教师资格的并存制度,突出以育人为本的高校教师主体地位和高校教育工作者的服务职能。逐步树立以服务求发展,以奉献求效益的发展理念,多措并举推动地方高校的错位发展。