国外大屏幕和平板显示的一些发展

电视技术的发展和人们视觉特性的要求,尤其是HDTV的出现,使图象显示正在向高清晰度、高亮度、大屏幕、平板化方向发展。各种各样的新型显示技术和产品正在加紧研制开发和推出,图象世界正在进入百花争妍的时代。本文拟就大屏幕和平板显示的一些国外发展情况作一介绍。     

BIFURCATIONS AND INSTABILITIES IN FRACTURE OF COHESIVE-SOFTENING STRUCTURES: A BOUNDARY ELEMENT ANALYSIS†

The “cohesive-crack model” is adopted, together with the hypotheses of small deformations and linear elasticity outside the process zone or “craze”, for the simulation of fracture processes in structures of concrete-like materials. A “direct”, collocation, multidomain boundary element method is employed and shown to be computationally effective in the considered situations, which are characterized by non-linearity on interfaces only. Iterative algorithms for the direction search and interface adjustment in propagation analysis and for the determination of the response to a craze-tip advancement are developed and numerically tested. Softening as an instabilizing factor embodied in the cohesive-crack model may give rise to path bifurcations (“equilibrium branching”), instability under load control and intrinsic (“snapback”) instability. These phenomena are analysed by the proposed boundary element procedure and discussed.     

四边形单元面积坐标的微分和积分公式

构造四边形单元时，应用面积坐标方法有其优点。文献［１］系统地论述了四边形单元面积坐标理论，本文是文献［１］的续篇，补充论述采用四边形单元面积坐标时的微分和积分公式。采用三角形单元面积坐标时的微分和积分公式是其特殊情况。应用面积坐标方法时，易于得出四边形单元刚度矩阵的积分显式，无需依赖于数值积分，这个优点是采用四边形等参坐标时所不具备的。     

稻草低温燃烧过程中床料聚团机理的实验研究

在小型燃煤鼓泡流化床上对稻秆低温燃烧的聚团现象进行了试验研究并对其机理进行了探讨.对所取床料样品的分析结果表明,床料中碱金属主要以钾并以KCI和K2SO4水溶性钾方式存在,且随着燃烧时间的增长碱金属在床料中呈增加趋势,同时床料聚团颗粒增多.对稻秆在650℃和700℃成灰的XRD检测也表明,稻秆在该温度范围内燃烧后灰的物相主要是KCI、K2SO4和SiO2,而KCI和K2SO4的两相低温共熔温度约为684℃,说明KCI和K2SO4低温共溶对稻秆低温燃烧床料聚团具有重要作用.     

静电除尘用脉冲电源拓扑研究

对一种静电除尘用脉冲电源高压拓扑进行了研究,通过模态分析谐振状态及谐振后的震荡转态,研究耦合电感、耦合系数及谐振腔电阻对静电除尘器电源输出电压的影响,优化设计耦合电感及耦合系数。通过理论分析,推导出各部分激励对负载的传递函数表达式,并绘制三维变参数曲面图进行系统参数分析,最后搭建1.5 k V的脉冲电源系统,验证静电除尘器电源拓扑的工作原理及理论分析设计的正确性。     

承压设备强度设计公式的适应性与可靠性研究

为给选择合适的承压设备强度设计公式提供依据,以及为建立承压设备强度设计的可靠性方法,将扁平绕带容器爆破压力实际值与公式计算值之比视为随机变量,应用数理统计和概率论知识,讨论了随机变量统计样本的有效性与同质性,分析了随机变量的分布规律,构建了随机变量的分布参数的比较方法.从精度和稳定性两个方面,建立了公式工程适应性的评价指标与方法.以扁平绕带模拟容器爆破压力的15组实测数据与扁平绕带工业规模容器爆破压力的5组实测数据为例,分析比较了与4个爆破压力计算公式对应随机变量的分布规律和分布参数,评价了相应公式的工程适应性.研究结果表明:(1)4个公式相应随机变量的统计样本在双侧置信度为99％时具有有效性与同质性;有3个随机变量在显著度为0.05时基本符合正态分布,双侧置信度为98％时,得到其分布参数的取值区间.(2)在3个基本符合正态分布随机变量中,其中2个随机变量的分布参数无显著差异,但与另外1个的分布参数存在显著差异.     

A High Gain,Low-Power Low-Noise Amplifier for Ultra-Wideband Wireless Systems

This paper presents a high gain, low-power common-gate ultra-wideband low-noise amplifier employing a simple configuration for wideband input matching. In our design, a series resistance-inductance network at the source combines with the parasitic capacitance of a transistor to form a parallel RLC input matching configuration in the common-gate input stage. Because of the additional resistance, this matching configuration partially alleviates the restriction of transconductance of the input transistor and also provides wideband matching. The low-noise amplifier was fabricated using the TSMC 0.18  \(\mu \) m technology with an average noise figure of 3.75 dB, a power gain of 18.68 dB with a ripple of \(\pm \)  0.8 dB, an input return loss less than \(-10\)  dB from 3 to 7.6 GHz, and DC power consumption of 8.56 mW, including the output buffer with a 1.8 V supply voltage.     

Effect of sintering temperature on structure and dielectric behavior of 0.95(Bi0.5Na0.5)0.97(Li0.5Nd0.5)0.03TiO3–0.05BaTiO3 ceramics

Lead free 0.95(Bi_0.5Na_0.5)_0.97(Li_0.5Nd_0.5)_0.03TiO₃–0.05BaTiO₃ (BNTLN0.03–BT5) ceramics were synthesized by conventional solid state reaction route. The effect of sintering temperature (T _s) on structure and dielectric behaviors of BNTLN0.03–BT5 ceramics is investigated systematically. With increasing T _s, the structure of BNTLN0.03–BT5 ceramics transforms from rhombohedral symmetry to pseudo-cubic symmetry. The grain size increases from ~4 to ~10 μm with increasing T _s. The dielectric constants ε _r, dielectric losses tanδ and dielectric frequency dispersion increase gradually at room temperature with increasing T _s. The temperature stability coefficient f _ε of dielectric constant ε _r and the diffuseness coefficient γ increases with increasing T _s. The sharp increase of dielectric constant ε _r in the frequency of 1 kHz above T _m is suppressed with increasing T _s due to reducing Maxwell–Wagner polarization.     

A model of wood flash pyrolysis in fluidized bed reactor

With a view of exploiting renewable biomass energy as a highly efficient and clean energy, liquid fuel from biomass pyrolysis, called bio-oil, is expected to play a major role in future energy supply. At present, fluidized bed technology appears to have maximum potential in producing high-quality bio-oil. A model of wood pyrolysis in a fluidized bed reactor has been developed. The effect of main operation parameters on wood pyrolysis product distribution was well simulated. The model shows that reaction temperature plays a major important role in wood pyrolysis. And a good agreement between experimental and theoretical results was obtained. It was shown that particles less than 500 μm could achieve a high heating-up rate to meet flash pyrolysis demand.     

生物质中热值气化技术中试实验

利用浙江大学热能工程研究所开发的一种新型生物质热解气化中试实验台研究了稻秆热解过程。通过对热解气组分和热值等的分析，研究热解温度、抽气方式等因素对热解气和热解过程的影响。针对目前有关稻秆热解气中焦油的研究数据较少的情况，实验中采用白云石为催化剂，在固定床反应器上对热解气中焦油的催化裂解进行了研究，焦油缩减效率可达80—90％，并提高了热解气品质。