Unified uncertainty analysis by the mean value first order saddlepoint approximation

Uncertainties exist in products or systems widely. In general, uncertainties are classified as epistemic uncertainty or aleatory uncertainty. This paper proposes a unified uncertainty analysis (UUA) method based on the mean value first order saddlepoint approximation (MVFOSPA), denoted as MVFOSPA-UUA, to estimate the systems probabilities of failure considering both epistemic and aleatory uncertainties simultaneously. In this method, the input parameters with epistemic uncertainty are modeled using interval variables while input parameters with aleatory uncertainty are modeled using probability distribution or random variables. In order to calculate the lower and upper bounds of system probabilities of failure, both the best case and the worst case scenarios of the system performance function need to be considered, and the proposed MVFOSPA-UUA method can handle these two cases easily. The proposed method is demonstrated to be more efficient, robust and in some situations more accurate than the existing methods such as uncertainty analysis based on the first order reliability method. The proposed method is demonstrated using several examples.     

Fatigue crack growth by crack tip cyclie plastic deformation: the unzipping model

A fatigue crack may propagate by the mechanism of crack tip cyclic plastic deformation, by the mechanism of fracture of brittle particles and embrittled grain boundaries,or, often, by a combination of both. Neutnann and Vehoff have made in situ observations of alternate shear decohhesions on two intersecting conjugate slip bands at a crack tip as the basic mechanism of fatigue crack growth. It is a mechanism by plastic deformation. A micro-mechanism based finite element model is made to simulate the unzipping process of the crack tip shear decohesion mechanism. The calculated crack growth rates by the finite element model agree very well with the measured rates in the intermediate K region of a number of materials

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Résumé La propagation d'une fissure de fatigue peut être due au mécanisme de déformation plastique cyclique de l'extrémité de la fissure, au mécanisme de rupture de portions fragiles et de frontières de grains fragilisées ou, souvent, à une combinaison de ces deux mécanismes.Neumann et Vehoff ont procédé à des observations in situ des décohésions par cisaillement alterné dans deux bandes de glissement s'intersectant à l'extrémité d'une fissure, et ont décrit ce mécanisme par déformation plastique comme un mécanisme de base de la propagation d'une fissure de fatigue.En vue de simuler le processus d'ouverture qui régit le mécanisme de décohésion par cisaillement à l'extrémité dame fissure, on élabore un modèle par éléments finis basé sur un mécanisme à échelle microscopique. On trouve que les vitesses de propagation d'une fissure calculées grâce à ce modèle par éléments finis sont en très bon accord lvee les vitesses mesurées dans la zone des K intermédiaries et pour plusieurs matériaux.

     

SPECTRAL RADIUS,KRONECKER PRODUCTS AND STATIONARITY

Abstract. We provide a stochastic proof of the inequality ρ(A?A+B?B) ≥ρ(A?A), where ρ(M) denotes the spectral radius of any square matrix M, i.e. max{|eigenvalues| of M}, and M?N denotes the Kronecker product of any two matrices M and N. The inequality is then used to show that stationarity of the bilinear model will imply stationarity of the linear part, i.e. the linear ARMA model for r= 1 and q= 1. Furthermore, it is shown that stationarity of the subdiagonal model, i.e. the bilinear model with b_ij=0 for i< j, again implies stationarity of its linear part, provided that the stationarity condition given by Bhaskara Rao and his colleagues is met. Interestingly, the conclusion that stationarity of the subdiagonal models, implies that the linear component models cannot be extended to the general non-subdiagonal bilinear models. The last observation is demonstrated via a simple example with p=m= 1, r= 0 and q= 2.     

Two new characteristic parameters for runoff computation

A method capable of estimating the hydrograph from a prescribed storm for a practical mild slope upstream catchment is proposed. This method makes use of two new characteristic parameters, andS, in conjunction with the kinematic wave equation to compute lateral inflows of the main stream of the catchment. The depth profile of overland flow at any instant within the catchment and hydrograph at any location can be easily found. Lag times for individual lateral inflows are then considered and are linearly combined to obtain the hydrograph at the outlet of the catchment or depth profile of the main stream at any instant. The validity of the excess rainfall-surface runoff linear relationship in this study has also been verified with Tatsunokuchiyama catchment, and it shows good results for this computed runoff.     

多目标多约束的集成电路统计优化策略

对于集成电路设计、生产过程中的多目标、多约束统计优化问题,本文提出了“合格率足够高”的优化宗旨,并从概率论的基本原理出发,结合集成电路的特点,导出了一种合格率的近似表述方法,提出的变权重Monte Carlo法编程简便,效率高。采用这些优化策略设计的集成电路合格率优化系统取得了比较好的结果。     

封闭循环TEA CO2激光器用催化剂的实验研究

在不同的催化剂和不同温度的条件下,用磁氧分析仪监测了封离型TEA C0₂激光器中O₂含量随时间或脉冲次数的变化。对实验现象进行了分析。对几种催化剂的特性给出了详细的比较。     

高温眼镜阀的创新研究与应用

转炉煤气干法除尘工艺是钢铁企业重要的节能降耗先进技术,眼镜阀是与之配套的关键设备,近年来,转炉煤气干法除尘工艺眼镜阀配置大部分采用从国外引进,费用高。文章基于TRIZ理论和方法,对转炉煤气干法除尘工艺眼镜阀进行了深入的研究,并在高温密封、液压控制、阀门自动复位等方面采用了新的方法。创新成果成功地应用于首钢京唐炼钢工程,促进了转炉煤气干法除尘工艺技术的推广。     

实验室排课系统开发与使用

实验室是学生实践实验的必要场所,但是所有高校都会面临着实验室少,学生人数多,如何更好分配实验室的使用,是实验室管理人员值得考虑的首要问题。针对此问题,本院校实验室结合自己实验室的真实情况编写实验室排课系统。     

档案网站建设文献统计计量分析

档案网站建设是新世纪档案工作新媒介和新事物。文章从多个方面对2000年以来,有关档案网站建设研究期刊文献进行了统计与分析。