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91.
We obtain a necessary and sufficient condition for a discrete-time nonlinear system to be locally state equivalent to the nonlinear observer form. The result looks similar to the continuous counterpart except for the fact that Ad-operation is utilized instead of ad-operation. 相似文献
92.
M. K. Bakhadyrkhanov O. É. Sattarov Kh. M. Iliev K. S. Ayupov Tuérdi Umaier 《Semiconductors》2005,39(7):789-791
It is experimentally ascertained that light stimulates the negative magnetoresistance observed in a high electric field in silicon doped with boron and manganese. The optimum conditions (the electric field, temperature, illumination, and resistivity of the material) for observation of the largest magnitude of negative magnetoresistance in (Si:B):Mn are determined. The dependence of the negative magnetoresistance on the concentration of compensating impurity is established. 相似文献
93.
Ho Nam Kwon Man Geun Kim Il-Han Hwang Young Kab Yun Seon-Ju Kim Jong-Hyun Lee 《Photonics Technology Letters, IEEE》2005,17(4):774-776
We developed a micromachined X-type 2/spl times/4 optical add-drop module (OADM) featuring no difference in propagation length. Four pairs of lensed fibers are aligned in "X" position, and four micromirrors are located between the pairs of optical fibers. The OADM was fabricated utilizing a silicon-on-insulator process. Electrostatic comb actuators can be driven up to 90 /spl mu/m to change the light path within 1 ms. The insertion loss and the on-off ratio were less than 3 and 70 dB, respectively. The loss uniformity in every channel was 1.5 dB. 相似文献
94.
The stress intensity factors for a short crack partially penetrating an inclusion of arbitrary shape
Some approximate solutions for predicting the stress intensity factor of a short crack penetrating an inclusion of arbitrary
shape have been developed under mode I and mode II loading conditions. The derivation of the fundamental formula is based
on the transformation toughening theory. The transformation strains in the inclusion are induced by the crack-tip field and
remotely applied stresses, and approximately evaluated by the Eshelby equivalent inclusion theory. As validated by detailed
finite element (FE) analyses, the developed solutions have good accuracy for different inclusion shape and for a wide range
of modulus ratio between inclusion and matrix material. 相似文献
95.
An overview of nondestructive evaluation methods 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Marvin Trimm 《Journal of Failure Analysis and Prevention》2003,3(3):17-31
ondestructive evaluation is described as nondestructive testing (NDT), nondestructive inspection (NDI), and nondestructive
examination (NDE). The activities associated with the evaluation include testing, inspection, and examination and primarily
involve looking at (or through) and/or measuring some characteristic of an object. Frequently there is a desire to determine
some characteristic of the object or to determine whether the object contains irregularities, discontinuities, or flaws. These
examinations, inspections, or tests are used to determine the physical soundness of a material without impairing its usefulness.
Nondestructive evaluation is a powerful tool that can help assure safety, quality, and reliability; increase productivity;
decrease liability; protect the environment; and save money. In this article, nondestructive evaluation is represented by
the acronym NDE. 相似文献
96.
Nguyen An Tien I. Ya. Mittova O. V. Almjasheva S. A. Kirillova V. V. Gusarov 《Glass Physics and Chemistry》2008,34(6):756-761
Nanocrystalline LaFeO3 is prepared by the dehydration of coprecipitated lanthanum and iron(III) hydroxides. It is shown that the behavior of the samples during heating and the size distribution of LaFeO3 nanocrystals can be considerably different depending on the scheme used for coprecipitation of lanthanum and iron hydroxides; independently of the method employed for coprecipitation of the initial compounds, sintering of the samples at 950°C leads to the formation of lanthanum orthoferrite crystals up to 100 nm in size. 相似文献
97.
Shinsook Yoon Mi-Kyoung Kim In-Young Lee Mikyung Yun Jeong E. Nam Shin 《Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry》2008,14(6):759-764
We have developed a mutant strain derived from Agrobacterium sp. ATCC 31750, which produces a water-soluble polysaccharide having potential utility to the food, feed, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. A high concentration of product (15 g/L) is obtained by 48 h cultivation of the mutant strain under optimized fermentation conditions. The water-soluble polysaccharide obtained from cultures of the mutant strain beta82 has Glc:Man:Gal in approximate molar ratios of 5.8:6.7:1.0. The molecular weight of the polysaccharide was determined to be approximately 1000 kDa by HPSEC analysis. Linkage analysis contained 3-Glcp, 3-Manp, terminal Glcp and terminal Manp, as well as a small proportion of 3- and 3,4-Galp, and 4,6-Manp residues. Based on analyses using FT-IR and 13C NMR spectrometers, most glycosidic bonds joining these sugar residues are of the α-type, and acetyl groups are apparently attached to the polymer chain at random. 相似文献
98.
Vjacheslav V. Zuev 《Journal of Polymer Research》2008,15(5):351-356
Functionalized polyanilines containing biphenyl, terphenyl, carbazole, anthracene, and 4-n-hexylphenyl moieties were synthesized though the reaction of polyaniline in emeraldine base form with sodium salt of corresponding
vinylketoaromatics with quantitative yields. Polymers were characterized with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, proton
nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and thermogravimetry. The emission characteristics of these polymers in N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone solution were examined. The functionalized polyanilines exhibited an intense green emission. 相似文献
99.
We propose two new antidiffusive schemes for advection (or linear transport), one of them being a mixture of Roe’s Super-Bee
scheme and of the “Ultra-Bee” scheme. We show how to apply these schemes to treat time-dependent first order Hamilton–Jacobi–Bellman
equations with discontinuous initial data, possibly infinitely-valued. Numerical tests are proposed, in one and two space
dimensions, in order to validate the methods
AMS subject classifications. Primary 65M12, Secondary 58J47 相似文献
100.
Gokhan Tur 《Machine Learning》2007,69(1):55-74
We propose three methods for extending the Boosting family of classifiers motivated by the real-life problems we have encountered. First, we propose a semisupervised learning method for exploiting the unlabeled data in Boosting. We then present a novel classification model adaptation method. The goal of adaptation is optimizing an existing model for a new target application, which is similar to the previous one but may have different classes or class distributions. Finally, we present an efficient and effective cost-sensitive classification method that extends Boosting to allow for weighted classes. We evaluated these methods for call classification in the AT&;T VoiceTone® spoken language understanding system. Our results indicate that it is possible to obtain the same classification performance by using 30% less labeled data when the unlabeled data is utilized through semisupervised learning. Using model adaptation we can achieve the same classification accuracy using less than half of the labeled data from the new application. Finally, we present significant improvements in the “important” (i.e., higher weighted) classes without a significant loss in overall performance using the proposed cost-sensitive classification method. 相似文献