Formation mechanism of multi-functional black silicon based on optimized deep reactive ion etching technique with SF6/C4F8

This paper reports a controllable multi-functional black silicon surface with nanocone-forest structures fabricated by an optimized deep reactive ion etching(DRIE)technique using SF6/C4F8 in cyclic etching-passivation process,which is maskless,effective and controllable.The process conditions are investigated by systematically comparative experiments and core parameters have been figured out,including etching process parameters,pre-treatment,patterned silicon etching and inclined surface etching.Based on the experimental data,the formation mechanism of nanocone shape is developed,which provides a novel view for in-depth understanding of abnormal phenomena observed in the experiments under different process situations.After the optimization of the process parameters,the black silicon surfaces exhibit superhydrophobicity with tunable reflectance.Additionally,the quantitative relationship between nanocones aspect ratio and surface reflectance and static contact angle is obtained,which demonstrates that black silicon surfaces with unique functional properties(i.e.,cross-combination of reflectance and wettability)can be achieved by controlling the morphology of nanostructures.     

Study on implicit composite element method for seepage analysis in underground engineering

Based on the basic principle of the finite element method, the implicit composite element method for numerical simulation of seepage in underground engineering is proposed. In the simulation, the faults and drainage holes are set implicitly in the model elements without adding additional elements. Elements containing fault or drainage-hole data are termed composite elements. Then, their information data in model could be obtained. By determining the osmotic transmission matrix of the composite elements, the permeability coefficient matrix is then obtained. The method was applied to the numerical simulation of the seepage field around the underground powerhouse of the Ganhe Pumping Station in Yunnan, China, using a compiled three-dimensional finite element method calculation program. The rock mass around the site includes two faults. The seepage field in the rock mass was analyzed at different stages of the engineering project. The results show that, before the excavation of the underground caverns, the rock mass seepage is affected by the faults and the groundwater permeated down along the tangential fault plane. After the excavation of the caverns during the operation period, the groundwater is basically drained away and the underground caverns are mostly above the groundwater level. Thus, the calculation results of the engineering example verify the implicit composite method for the simulation of faults and drainage holes. This method can well meet the calculation demands of practical engineering.     

配置500 MPa纵筋钢筋混凝土框架顶层端节点抗震性能试验研究

按照《混凝土结构设计规范》(GB 50010—2010)设计了6个配置500 MPa纵筋的钢筋混凝土框架顶层端节点,并进行了低周反复加载抗震性能试验,验证了规范规定的抗震措施对配置500 MPa钢筋的顶层端节点的有效性,分析了配置500 MPa级钢筋的顶层端节点的受力特点、节点区的破坏形态以及节点的综合抗震性能,并与受力条件基本相同的配置HRB335级纵筋节点的受力性能进行了对比,对采用不同延性指标评价配置不同强度钢筋节点的延性性能差异进行了讨论。     

自适应熵疫苗算子的免疫图像分割方法

本文针对二维熵图像分割算法存在计算量巨大的问题,基于免疫调节机制,设计了一种新的图像分割方法．该方法利用免疫疫苗理论,并与熵理论相结合,提出了熵疫苗算子．熵疫苗作为抗体疫苗进行选择,通过熵运算,提取更新疫苗库,从而使得最优分割阈值的形成及疫苗库的更新具有自适应性,疫苗的选择更加准确有效．仿真实验表明熵疫苗算子加快了算法的搜索速度、提高了算法的适应性．该算法对复杂图像具有良好分割效果和较强的实时处理能力．     

Preparation and properties of a long-life cementbased mortar used on metal oilcans

Organic-based materials are often used as the coating of metal oilcans. But they need to be sprayed several times in the whole life of oilcans because of the short-life of organic components. To overcome this problem, a type of long-life flexible cement-based anti-corrosion material used on the surface of metal oilcans was developed according to the principle that the steel reinforced concrete can remain the same life with buildings. The materials with different formulas composed of acrylic ~nulsion, cement and other additives were prepared. Because the ratios of polymer to cement played the decisive role in the adhesion and anti-corrosion characteristics, their effects on the physical performances were investigated by comparing the mechanical properties, anti-corrosion and anti-aging properties. The relationship between microstructure and macroscopic properties was also discussed.     

Leaching Stability of Simulated Waste Forms for Immobilizing An3＋ by Gd2Zr2O7 with Nd3＋

In order to investigate the anti-leaching capability of pyrochlore Gd2Zr2O7 immobilized An3+, trivalent neodymium was used as the simulacrums for radioactive wastes with trivalence, Gd2-xNdxZr2O7(0.0x 2.0) series samples were successfully synthesized by high temperature solid reaction and using Gd2O3, Zr O2 powders as starting materials. The experiments of long-term chemical stability were conducted in synthetic seawater at 40 and 70 ℃. The XRD diffractive data and extraction ratio of as-received samples were collected with the help of X-ray diffraction(XRD) instrument and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(ICPMass). The results indicate that the phases of as-received compounds keep the single phase of pyrochlore. The extraction ratio of Gd3+, Zr4+ and Nd3+ in waste forms is increasing with the increase of immersion time in synthetic seawater. The extraction ratio of waste forms at 70 ℃ is higher than at 40 ℃. The highest extraction ratio of Gd3+, Zr4+ and Nd3+ after 42 days is near 0.025 8, 0.003 8 and 0.045 2 μg·m L-1, respectively.     

双核稀土配合物Gd_xSm_(1-x)(TTA)_3phen的制备及发光性能

合成了系列钆钐双核稀土有机配合物GdxSm1-x(TTA)3phen(x=0~0.9).红外光谱(IR)、X射线衍射(XRD)、热重(TG)结果推测了配合物可能的分子结构;紫外可见光谱(UV/vis)结果表明,该系列稀土有机配合物能有效的吸收紫外光,吸收峰主要来自于有机配体TTA和phen(270nm和351nm处);荧光光谱(FS)结果表明,Gd3+对于Sm3+具有荧光增效,当Gd3+的摩尔分数为0.6时,Gd0.6Sm0.4(TTA)3phen类配合物的特征荧光(562nm,596nm和643nm处)强度均达到最大.     

改良型腰果酚醛树脂废气治理的研究

改良型腰果酚醛树脂应用到铸件等浸渍、粘合、烘干等过程中会产生恶臭,排放前需要降解处理。研究采用低温等离子体技术结合吸收方法处理改良型腰果酚醛树脂废气,考察了处理工程中峰值电压、停留时间、吸收液pH值对废气去除率的影响。实验室小试改良型腰果酚醛树脂废气进口浓度85 ppm,停留时间1.2 s时,去除率可达92%;工业扩大示范工程去除率最高可达80%,排气口出气平均恶臭浓度1 239.5(无量纲),满足《恶臭污染物排放标准》(GB14554-93)中相关规定。     

明渠扩散段急流运动特性及调控方法研究综述

依据文献分析了有限宽度水槽突然扩散、固定扩散角渐变扩散、无边界平板扩散和急流扩散4种典型明渠扩散段水流的共同流动特征.给出了有限宽度水槽突然扩散段水流宽度的沿程发展规律,以及在平底明渠急流扩散段设计时,为防止水流脱离的扩散角计算方法和突然扩展区急流扩散的边界方程;通过不同底坡比降的试验和原型资料分析,论述了陡坡扩散区水深沿程变化特点、沿程各断面横向分布规律,介绍了陡坡上水平扩散角的计算方法与扩散角最大值的存在.通过大扩散角水槽试验,发现在扩散段不同流态的过渡水流现象及稳定性不一样.上游来流为急流时,下游水跃进入扩散段就是水流失稳、主流偏转的开始;采用潜没式三角翼可以防止扩散段回流发生,提高过流均衡性.     

螺环结构膨胀单体的合成及膨胀性能研究

为解决环氧树脂固化时体积收缩带来的不良影响,用实验室合成的三元醇与二正丁基氧化锡反应制得螺环结构的膨胀单体3,9-二羟甲基-3,9-二(二甲基乙硫基)-1,5,7,11-四氧杂螺环[5,5]十一烷改性环氧树脂.产物经红外、核磁表征其结构.用膨胀剂跟踪测定阳离子引发膨胀单体开环聚合体积膨胀率为3.16%,考察预聚体改性环氧树脂体积膨胀率的变化,为1.194%.